90後花錢“大手大腳”？外媒分析年輕人花錢時在想什麼

“70後賺錢，80後欠錢，90後花錢”；“90後已經成爲消費狂歡的絕對主力”；“論花錢，90後可比80後在行多了”……類似的報道不絕於耳。

根據中國艾瑞諮詢集團的報告顯示，2018年中國大學生常規消費規模已經達到4200多億元，佔全國GDP總量的1%。怎麼樣，是不是對年輕人的購買和消費能力刮目相看呢？快來看看外媒眼中的年輕人到底是怎麼花錢的吧！

美國年輕人一般怎麼花錢

美國CNBC對此做了詳細報道：

According to a new report from Charles Schwab, millennials spend more than other generations on comforts and conveniences like taxis, pricey coffee and dining out.
根據一份來自查爾斯施瓦布公司的研究報告，千禧一代（注：一般特指1982年-2000年出生的人）與他們的父輩相比，更容易在個人舒適和便利方面進行消費，比如計程車、高級咖啡以及“下館子”。

Sixty percent of millennials admit to spending more than $4 on coffee, 79 percent will splurge to eat at the hot restaurant in town and 69 percent buy clothes they don't necessarily need.
60%的年輕受訪者表示他們會購買超過4美元一杯的咖啡，79%的受訪者表示會去“網紅餐廳”打卡吃飯，還有69%的受訪者表示他們會購買一些其實並不是很必要的衣服。

美國市場研究機構Bigger Markets專門針對大學生怎麼花錢進行了研究：

College kids spend $27 billion on things deemed to be "non-essential items". According to the study, students ages 18-24 spend $5 billion each year on clothes and shoes, and $5.5 billion on alcohol. They spent another $2.4 billion on entertainment, which includes things like music, DVD and on-demand movie rentals, and video games.
學生們在被認爲在“非必要物品”的東西上花費了270億美元。比如18歲至24歲的學生每年在衣服和鞋子上的花費爲50億美元，在酒精飲料上的支出爲55億美元。在娛樂方面花費了24億美元，其中包括音樂、DVD和點播電影租賃以及電子遊戲等。

看到這裏，是不是覺得自己的錢包正在瑟瑟發抖呢？但是，剝離消費數字的表象，我們再深入瞭解一下年輕人的消費心理，他們花錢的時候在想什麼呢？

The Kansas City Star撰文分析了現在年輕人的消費表現：

More than possibly any other generation, this is a group that relies on word of mouth — even if it's from strangers. Online reviews are a hot commodity when considering a purchase. They'll pay for experience over material.
比任何其他一代人都更重要的是，這是一個嚴重依賴口碑的羣體——即使是來自陌生人的評論。來自其他購買者的評價在購買時是一個重要的參考因素。他們將更傾向爲經驗而不是實物買單。

Millennials are more likely to pay for events or memories — like concert tickets, bar tabs or road trips — than they are for tangible items.
與有形物品相比，千禧一代更有可能爲活動或記憶買單——比如音樂會門票、酒吧賬單或公路旅行。

也有媒體深入分析了年輕人所處的社會背景和經濟狀況，其實年輕人的消費並不像我們想象的那麼“大手大腳”。根據的報道，年輕人在娛樂方面的花費其實只有他們父輩的2/3。怎麼樣，驚不驚喜，意不意外？

學會聰明地花錢

大部分國外的年輕人需要依靠貸款來支付高等教育的費用。因此也使得他們在計劃自己的開支時更加謹慎，因爲糟糕的財務狀況可能會拖累你的未來發展，影響到你以後幾十年的生活水平！

不妨和小編一起來學習一下國外專家給大學生的花錢建議。

官網給出的建議是Make a Budget（做好預算）：

1. Know your cash flow.
瞭解你的現金流。

People who budget typically do it monthly, but it makes more sense for students to build a spending plan around each academic period. First, tally up the money you expect to have for the semester. It's likely to be "lumpy". You may have a chunk from savings or refunds from financial aid (that's money left over after loans, scholarships, and grants are applied to your tuition, room and board, and fees) at the start of the semester, and some regular income from your parents or a job.
預算通常是按月做的，但學生在每個學期前後制定支出計劃更有意義。首先，需要計算一下你在這學期裏能支配的所有錢，數字不一定需要很精確。你可能會有一筆錢來自之前的儲蓄、或是從財政援助計劃中得到的補助（扣除了貸款、獎學金和助學金後剩下的錢，可以用來支付你的學費，生活費和其他費用）；在學期開始，你通常還會從父母和兼職收入那裏得到一些錢。

2. Track your spending.
記錄你的支出。

Next, figure out what you spend in a typical month. Look at your debit card, bank account, and credit cards over the last few months to see where your money is going and what big-ticket items popped up. Once you see what you've been spending money on, you may be surprised at how much is on nonessentials.
接下來，記錄下你在一個典型的月份裏花了多少錢。看看你的借記卡、銀行賬戶和信用卡，看看你的錢去了哪裏。一旦你看到你的賬目記錄，你可能會驚訝於有多少錢花在了非必需品上。

3. Identify your needs and wants.
區分你“需要的”和“想要的”

Now comes the hard part: Categorizing your spending into two buckets, needs vs. wants. Needs are staples like clothing, housing, school gear, food, and transportation. Wants: concert tickets, your second soy latte of the day, beer, and that spring break plane ticket.
把你的支出分爲兩個部分：需要的和想要的。需要的可以包括服裝、住宿、學習用品、食品和交通等。想要的可以是：音樂會門票, 你當天的第二杯大豆拿鐵，啤酒，還有在春假期間的機票。

能花錢，也要會投資！

如果你想進一步拓展自己的財商，爲自己未來幾十年的生活準備一個良好的財務開端，那麼，外媒同樣給出了年輕人在投資方面的建議。

《福布斯》相關報道中提到：

Let's say you invest $300 per month starting at age 20 and don't stop until you're 60-years-old. If you managed an 8 percent return during that time, you would have more than $1 million dollars in that account alone.
假設從20歲開始每月投資300美元，並且一直持續到60歲。如果能使投資回報率維持在8％左右，那麼僅憑這一個帳戶你就可以獲得超過100萬美元的回報。

Now let's say you waited until you were 30 to get started. By the time you reached 60-years-old, you would only have $440,445 in your account. Those first ten years you missed out on would cost you more than $550,000 in returns — even though you only skipped $36,000 and ten years of deposits!
如果說等到30歲纔開始同樣的投資，當你達到60歲時，你的賬戶中只有44.0445萬美元。你錯過的前十年會使你少拿到超過55萬美元的回報。即使你僅僅少付了這十年的3.6萬美元！

《美國新聞》相關報道對年輕人長遠投資做了具體建議：

Perhaps the strategy's most significant benefit for younger investors is capitalizing on their greatest asset: time. "Investors with decades in front of them have a huge opportunity to take advantage of compounding interest," says Amanda Lawson, communications specialist at Matson Money in Scottsdale, Arizona.
也許這一策略對年輕投資者最重要的好處是他們可以充分利用他們最大的資產：時間。亞利桑那州斯科茨代爾的Matson Money公司的客戶聯繫專家Amanda Lawson說：“年輕的投資者有很大機會利用到複利。”

She says a millennial who invests $100 a month and generates a 12 percent average rate of return from holding investments long term could have a portfolio worth nearly $2.4 million by age 65.
她說，千禧一代每月投資100美元，並且通過持有長期投資獲得12％的平均回報率，到65歲時可以獲得價值近240萬美元的投資獲利。

看完以上的建議，是不是對花錢這件事又有了更深的認識呢？讓我們爲了以後財務自由的幸福生活，衝鴨！