10個魅力無窮的城堡和宮殿(下)
ad Castle: were Dracula was held prisoner
6.布朗城堡：德古拉的囚禁之地
Now located in Hunedoara, Romania, the Hunyad Castle was part of Principality of Transylvania, and it's believed to be the place where Vlad III of Wallachia (commonly known as Dracula) was held prisoner for 7 years after he was deposed in 1462. The castle is a relic of the Hunyadi dynasty. It was built in Gothic style, but has Baroque and Renaissance architectural elements. It is a large and imposing building with tall and diversely colored roofs, towers and myriad windows and balconies adorned with stone carvings.
布朗城堡曾屬特蘭西瓦尼亞公國所有，如今位於羅馬尼亞的胡內多阿拉縣。人們認爲古代羅馬尼亞大公弗拉德三世（俗稱德古拉）於1462年被罷黜後，在該城被囚7年。布朗城堡是匈雅提王朝的一處遺址，屬哥特式建築，也兼有巴洛克式和文藝復興時期的建築元素。城堡雄偉壯麗，屋頂絢麗多彩，塔樓、窗戶和陽臺均用石雕裝飾。ork Castle: World's Largest Brick Gothic Castle
7.馬爾堡城堡：世界上最大的磚砌哥特式城堡
The Castle in Malbork was built in Prussia by the Teutonic Order as an Ordensburg. The Order named it Marienburg, literally "Mary's Castle". The town which grew around it was also named Marienburg, but since 1945 it is again, after 173 years, part of Poland and known as Malbork. The castle is a classic example of a medieval fortress, and is the world's largest brick gothic castle. UNESCO listed the castle and its museum as World Heritage Sites in December 1997.
這座城堡如今位於波蘭的馬爾堡，當年由條頓騎士團建於普魯士。騎士團將它命名爲“馬裏恩堡”，字面意思即“瑪麗的城堡”。城堡所在的城鎮也叫“馬裏恩堡”，1772年以前一直掌握在波蘭手中，從那之後又歷經173年，直到1945年纔再次成爲波蘭領土，並以“馬爾堡”之名著稱。馬爾堡城堡是一座典型的中世紀要塞，也是世界上最大的磚砌哥特式城堡，並於1997年12月被聯合國教科文組織列爲世界文化遺產。cio da Pena: Oldest Palace inspired by European Romanticism
8.佩納宮：受歐洲浪漫主義啓發而建的最古老宮殿
The oldest palace inspired by European Romanticism, the Pena National Palace in Portugal stands on the top of a hill above the town of Sintra, and on a clear day it can be easily seen from Lisbon. First built in the 15th century as a palace, it was later reconstructed and donated to the church as a monastery. An earthquake in 1755 ruined most of it, until Prince Fernando acquired it in 1838 rebuilt it. The style of the palace is an eclectic combination of the original and subsequent styles, plus Romantic, Bavarian, and Moorish architecture, plus an English garden.
佩納宮位於葡萄牙境內，矗立在里斯本近郊的辛特拉鎮上的一座小山上，是受到歐洲浪漫主義啓發而建的最古老的宮殿，風和日麗時，能從里斯本清晰地看到它。佩納宮始建於15世紀，經改造後被捐贈給教堂作修道院，並在1755年的一場地震中化爲廢墟，直到1838年，費迪南德王子開始將其重建成宮殿。宮殿融合了多種建築風格，兼具浪漫主義、巴伐利亞式和摩爾式，還設有一座英式花園。nburg Castle: The Disneyland of the 18th century
9.獅子堡：18世紀的迪士尼樂園
Within the Wilhelmshohe Hill Park which sits on one end of the city of Kassel, there stands what appears to be a medieval castle. However, the Lowenburg or "Lion's Castle" was ordered to be built by the Landgrave Wilhelm IX from Hessen Kassel (1743 -1821), the Walt Disney of his era, over a period of eight years between 1793 and 1801 as a romantic ruin. It was carefully designed by his royal court building inspector Heinrich Christoph Jussow who had gone to England specifically to study romantic English ruins and draw up a plan for the Landgrave's garden folly. Today scholars regard Lowenburg Castle ruins as one of the most significant buildings of its genre, in addition to being one of the first major neo-Gothic buildings in Germany.
獅子堡是一座中世紀風格的城堡，位於德國卡塞爾市一端的威廉高地公園內。威廉九世侯爵是當時黑森-卡塞爾領地（1793-1821）的領主，被稱爲那個時代的沃爾特·迪士尼，他下令修建了這座具有浪漫色彩的廢墟之城，工程始於1793年，竣工於1801年，共耗時8年。獅子堡由皇家建築師海音裏奇·克里斯多夫·加索精心設計，他還曾親赴英格蘭研究那些充滿浪漫色彩的英式廢墟建築，併爲這一耗資巨大的工程擬定了一份草案。如今，在獅子堡廢墟所屬的建築流派中，學者們將其視作最重要的建築之一，此外它也是德國最早的新哥特式建築之一。ue Castle: World's Largest Ancient Castle
10.布拉格城堡：世界上最大的古堡
One of the biggest castles in the world, and according to Guinness Book of Records, the biggest ancient castle, Prague Castle is about 570 meters in length and an average of 130 meters wide. The Czech Crown Jewels are kept here, and it was the place where the Czech kings, Holy Roman Emperors and presidents of Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic have had their offices.
據《吉尼斯世界紀錄》記載，布拉格城堡是世界上最大的城堡之一，也是世界上最大的古堡，約570米長、130米寬。長久以來，這裏一直是捷克歷代國王、神聖羅馬帝國皇帝、捷克斯洛伐克以及捷克共和國總統們的辦公所在地，捷克皇冠寶石也被收藏於此。
