近萬名緬甸難民涌向中緬邊境 中國遭遇“難民潮”

Up to 10,000 refugees have fled to an area in southwestern Yunnan province, driven by fighting between Myanmar's military and the Kachin Independence Army (KIA), one of the country's most powerful rebel groups. Many of the refugees are women, children and elderly people.
由於近日緬甸軍隊與該國最強大的反叛組織之一的“克欽族獨立軍”發生衝突，緬甸1萬多難民逃亡至中國雲南省西南部地區。難民中大多爲婦女、兒童和老人。

Fighting erupted after a 17-year-old ceasefire broke down last June, sending ethnic Kachins fleeing to the border area.
去年6月，雙方長達17年的停戰協議被打破，衝突從此暴發，致使克欽族人逃往邊境地區。

Although the intensity of the fighting has eased, aid groups fear that more people will flee and exacerbate dire conditions. The Chinese government tolerates the camps, but does not officially recognize their existence.
雖然目前戰爭的激烈程度已經得到緩和，但是援救隊擔心還會有更多人選擇逃亡，糟糕的境況將進一步惡化。中國政府沒有對緬甸難民在自己國土上紮營的行爲進行干預，但是也沒有官方宣佈允許他們逗留此地。

"All of them don't have pure drinking water," a member of the local aid group said by telephone from Myanmar.
援助組織的工作人員通過電話從當地告訴我們：“所有難民都沒有純淨的飲用水可以喝。”

"In some camps, outbreaks of dysentery are taking place. We do not have enough food items to provide for them. We have a very limited budget for them. And they do not have regular incomes, nowhere to work and nowhere to earn money."
“在一些營地裏，很多人都發生了腹瀉症狀。我們沒有足夠的食物提供他們，我們只有非常有限的一筆預算。而他們自己也沒有固定收入。沒有地方讓他們工作，沒有地方讓他們賺錢餬口。”中國陷入外交困境

The risk of fighting spreading across the highly militarized border region and of the arrival of new waves of refugees are particular worries for China.
中緬邊境地區局勢複雜，難民涌入可能造成戰爭蔓延，同時也可能引來新一輪的難民潮，這些問題都將成爲中國政府目前的憂慮。

Yunnan provincial authorities have told the refugees to leave, but have not threatened force or sealed the border, aid groups said.
援助組織表示，雲南省當地政府已呼籲難民離開，但沒有采取強制措施，也並未封鎖邊境。

"It poses a dilemma for the Chinese; it could cause strained relations with the Burmese government if they are seen as being supportive of the Kachin Independence Army, KIA, and by extension the refugees," Bertil Lintner, a Myanmar expert, said in emailed comments.
緬甸問題研究專家Bertil Lintner在郵件評論中表示，“中國政府現在處在進退兩難的境地。難民暫時滯留中國境內，目前難民數量還在持續增多。這可能會被緬甸政府認爲是中國支持克欽族獨立軍的訊息，造成中國與緬甸政府關係緊張。”

Fighting has continued despite an order in December by President Thein Sein to end operations. That cast doubt on whether the former general leading the country has full control over the military.
緬甸總統吳登盛曾在12月簽署命令停止軍事行動，但內戰衝突依舊持續，國際社會懷疑這位前任將軍對軍隊並沒有完整的控制權。

In the past eight months, the refugee population inside China has grown dramatically, said Moon Nay Li, coordinator for the Kachin Women's Association in Thailand. She says more than 10,000 Kachin refugees are in Yunnan, most of them women.
泰國克欽婦女協會的協調員孟奈裏表示，在過去的八個月中，中國境內的難民數量急劇增加，目前在中國雲南有超過萬民的克欽族難民，其中大部分爲婦女。

International aid organizations such as U.N. agencies have not been able to provide sustained assistance, aid groups said.
當地的援助組織稱，聯合國機構等相關國際援助組織都還沒能提供長期的持續援助。