中國治理空氣污染將耗資1760億英鎊大綱

Cleaning up China’s air pollution will cost 1.75 trillion yuan (£176b) between 2013 and 2017, a high-ranking environmental official has estimated.

Wang Jinnan, deputy head of the Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, said that the investment –part of an anti-pollution "action plan" announced by China's cabinet in September – “would drive up GDP by nearly two trillion yuan (£202b) and create over two million jobs,” China’s official newswire Xinhua reported.

The total cost will be higher than the 2012 gross domestic products of most countries, including Finland, Israel and Portugal.

“36.7 percent of the investment, or 640 billion yuan (£64.5b) should go on cleaning up industry, followed by 490 billion yuan (28.2 percent) on cleaner energy sources. Cleaning up motor vehicles will absorb 210 billion yuan,” Xinhua reported, citing Wang.

In 2013, broad swaths of China recorded their highest air pollution levels in 52 years, causing widespread outrage over the massive environmental toll wrought by decades of unchecked economic growth.

While Beijing has long been notorious for its pea-soup air, a number of traditionally clearer cities, including Shanghai and the northeastern metropolis Harbin, have registered pollution levels high enough for local authorities to ground flights, close schools and pull cars from the roads.

On Friday, Shanghai’s concentration of airborne PM 2.5 – particulate matter small enough to lodge deep within the lungs – rose to 214 micrograms per cubic meter, three times China’s national limit. The official Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center warned children and the elderly to stay indoors.

In its five-year action plan, China's State Council pledged to reduce the level of airborne particulate matter by at least 10% in major cities by 2017.

In response, many Chinese people have taken measures into their own hands. Face masks have become a fashion statement; air purifier sales have spiked. An elementary school in north China’s Shijiazhuang, one of the country’s most polluted cities, has begun teaching its students a smog-defying aerobics routine involving acupuncture points associated with respiratory health.

Last week, a hospital in the southwestern Chinese city Chengdu opened a “smog clinic” to treat air pollution-related ailments such as coughs and asthma; it has been treating roughly a dozen patients a day. "We should not fear smog. It's preventable and curable," says a banner hung by its entrance.中國治理空氣污染行動在2013到2017年間將耗資1.75萬億人民幣，一位環保高級官員預測。

中國環境規劃院副院長王金南說，中國政府九月宣佈的治理污染“行動計劃”中提到的投資“將拉動GDP增長近2萬億，並增加就業崗位逾200萬個。”中國新華社報道。

投資總數將超過大多數國家（如芬蘭，以色列和葡萄牙）2012年的國內生產總值。

新華社引用王金南的話說：“36.7%的投資（約6400億元）將用於污染治理產業，4900億元（28.2%）用於清潔能源開發，治理機動車造成的污染將耗資2100億元。”

2013年，中國大面積空氣污染之嚴重程度創近52年之最。幾十年來放任經濟發展所造成的巨大環境破壞，引起了社會廣泛震驚。

北京長期受灰黃空氣困擾，已是衆所周知。但現在一些過去比較乾淨的城市，如上海和哈爾濱，也進入嚴重污染城市之列，當地政府不得不因空氣污染宣佈取消航班，學校停課，車輛禁行。

12月20日週五，上海空氣中PM2.5（可入肺顆粒物）的濃度上升至214微克每立方米，三倍於中國國家標準上限。上海環境監測中心告誡老人和孩子最好呆在室內。

在五年的行動計劃中，中國國務院承諾在2017年之前中國主要城市的PM2.5值至少降低10%。

面對霧霾，廣大民衆積極採取各項措施。帶面罩成爲時尚，空氣淨化器銷量飆升。在中國污染最嚴重的城市之一的石家莊市，有一所小學已開始教學生抗霧霾操，包括按摩與呼吸道有關的穴位。

12月中旬，位於西南的成都市某醫院開設了“霧霾門診”，治療與空氣污染有關的疾病，如咳嗽和哮喘。該診室一天大約接受十幾位病患。其入口處的橫幅上寫着“霧霾不可怕，可防可治。”