英國銀行有假期全國都放假

在英格蘭，寫進法律的永久性公衆假期一共是8天，而這8天中就有3天都是bank holiday。在這幾天裏，全英國的銀行都休假，而其他很多與銀行業相關的產業也隨之關門大吉!

曾經看過一個小朋友畫的世界地圖：在地球上的各個區域寫下他對那個地方的印象，而在歐洲大陸的位置寫下的是這麼一句話：不用上班天天喝下午茶的地方——的確，歐洲完善的社會福利一直被人津津樂道，但作爲一個“外人”，第一次真正見識還是未免被雷到。

記得那是剛到英國不久的某一天，我要去超市補充口糧。走到Town Centre，居然發現偌大一個超市關門大吉。我定神一想，確定當日是正常工作日、並且是上班時間，那這關門又是個什麼說法?

後來朋友告訴我，這一天是Bank Holiday，銀行假期，正正經經的公衆假期，和聖誕節、復活節等等其他假日一樣是被寫進法律條文的。而且最荒謬，銀行假期一年還不止一天。在英格蘭，寫進法律的永久性公衆假期一共是8天，而這8天中就有3天都是bank holiday。在這幾天裏，全國的銀行都休假，而其他很多與銀行業相關的產業也隨之關門大吉，其中，就包括超市。

長這麼大，聽說過教師節、護士節，從來不覺得銀行業有多麼崇高、竟然要國家爲他們單獨設立假日，那麼這個Bank Holiday是怎麼來的呢?

Origins of bank holidays

Prior to 1834, the Bank of England observed about 33 saints' days and religious festivals as holidays, but in 1834, this was reduced to just four: 1 May, 1 November, Good Friday, and Christmas Day.

In 1871, Sir John Lubbock introduced the Bank Holidays Act, it introduced the concept of holidays with pay and designated four holidays in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, and five in Scotland. The move was such a popular one and there were even suggestions that August Bank Holiday should be called St Lubbock's day!

In the United Kingdom and Ireland a bank holiday is a public holiday, when banks and many other businesses are closed for the day.

Bank holidays are often assumed to be so called because they are days upon which banks are shut, but days that banks are shut aren't always bank holidays. For example: Good Friday and Christmas Day are not bank holidays, they are common law' holidays. The dates for bank holidays are set out in statute or are proclaimed by royal decree. In England and Wales a bank holiday tends automatically to be a public holiday, so the day is generally observed as a holiday.

也就是說，以前一到Bank Holiday全國所有的行業都休假。不過現在，也有很多行業，比如公共交通系統、博物館、動物園等等照舊開放。其實說穿了，Bank Holiday就是國家想出來的名目，讓全國人民都偷閒偷閒。再想想我國近年也多出了很多公衆假期——端午、中秋——比用“銀行”的名義放假實在好聽多了，這就是文明古國的好處哇!