悲劇的誕生The Birth Of Tragedy 第135 古希臘人的甦醒
Returning from these hortatory tones to the mood befitting contemplation, I repeat that we can learn only from the Greeks what such an almost miraculously sudden awakening of tragedy means for the innermost life ground of a people.
It is the people of the tragic mysteries that fights the battles against the Persians; and the people that fought these wars in turn needs tragedy as a necessary potion to recover.
同波斯作戰的希臘人，是一個信奉悲劇祕儀的民族；這個敢於作戰的民族，就需要悲劇精神作爲不可缺少的靈藥。Who would have supposed that precisely this people, after it had been deeply agitated through several generations by the strongest spasms of the Dionysian demon, should still have been capable of such a uniformly vigorous effusion of the simplest political feeling, the most natural patriotic instincts, and original manly desire to fight?
誰能想象：這個民族，經過幾個世紀來深受酒神之靈最劇烈的震動，刺激到心靈深處之後，竟能夠同樣劇烈地流露出最樸素的政治熱情，最自然的家鄉之愛，最原始的戰士氣慨呢？
After all, one feels in every case in which Dionysian excitement gains any significant extent how the Dionysian liberation from the fetters of the individual finds expression first of all in a diminution of, in indifference to, indeed, in hostility to, the political instincts. Just as certainly, Apollo who forms states is also the genius of the principium individuationis, and state and patriotism cannot live without an affirmation of the individual personality.
固然凡是在酒神的熱情顯然如野火燎原的場合，往往可以看到：這種熱情在擺脫了個性桎梏之後，首先表現爲逐漸侵害政治本能，浸假而成爲對政治冷漠甚或敵視；但是，在另一方面，顯然建國之神阿波羅也是個性原則之神，若不肯定個人性格，也就不可能有國家觀念和鄉土觀念。But from orgies a people can take one path only, the path to Indian Buddhism, and in order that this may be endurable at all with its yearning for the nothing, it requires these rare ecstatic states with their elevation above space, time, and the individual. These states in turn demand a philosophy that teaches men how to overcome by the force of an idea the indescribable displeasure of the states that lie between.
對於任何民族，只有一條道路從祕儀縱慾走向佛教節慾。佛教的教義，爲了能夠做到看破色空，就需要超空間，超時間，超個人的難得的入定境界；同時，這些境界又需要一種哲學，教人以想象來克服中間狀態的難以名狀的抑鬱。Where the political drives are taken to be absolutely valid, it is just as necessary that a people should go to the path toward the most extreme secularization whose most magnificent but also most terrifying expression may be found in the Roman imperium.
由於政治衝動的絕對優勢，一個民族也必然陷入極端世俗化的道路，羅馬帝國就是這條道路的最顯著最可怕的表現。
