雙語暢銷書《艾倫圖靈傳》第9章:退隱山林(44)
Nonetheless, beneath the assertive surface of the paper lay probing, needling, teasing questions.
For this was not tunnel vision, unlike so many scientists, Alan Turing was not trapped within the narrow framework within which his ideas were formed.
圖靈的視野非常之寬，他不像有些科學家那樣，圖靈自己會有一個想法，但其後的討論，並不會侷限在他自己的想法框架中。Polanyi was keen on pointing out the different models employed by the different branches of scientific enquiry, and the importance of distinguishing them.
波蘭尼指出，科學的不同分支，有不同的研究方法，並且他強調，對這些方法進行區分，是非常重要的。
But Edward Carpenter had gone to the heart of the matter long before: The method of Science is the method of all mundane knowledge; it is that of limitation or actual ignorance.
其實在很久以前，愛德華·卡本特已經一語道破了這個問題的本質：科學研究的對象，是現世的具體的知識，因此其方法是有侷限性的，是有選擇性忽略的。Placed in face of the great uncontained unity of Nature, we can only deal with it in thought by selecting certain details and isolating those (either wilfully or unconsciously) from the rest.
大自然本身無所不包，但是科學家不能，我們只能在其表面，（有意或無意地）選擇一些特定的細節來進行研究，並且忽略其它的細節。To model the activity of the brain as a 'discrete controlling machine' was a good example of 'selecting certain details'
圖靈將大腦的行爲，抽象成離散狀態機，這就是“選擇一些特定的細節”的典型例子。since the brain could, if desired, be described in many other ways. Alan's thesis was, however, that this was the model relevant to what was called 'thinking'.
大腦可以在很多不同的層面上進行描述，而圖靈的模型，只關心大腦的“思維”層面。As he said a little later, in a parody of Jefferson's argument, We are not interested in the fact that the brain has the consistency of cold porridge.
圖靈後來說過，我們對腦漿的粘度完全不感興趣。We don't want to say this machine's quite hard, so it isn't a brain, and so it can't think.
我們也不能說，因爲這個機器是硬的，所以它就不是大腦，所以它就沒有思維。Or as he wrote in this paper, We do not wish to penalise the machine for its inability to shine in beauty competitions, nor to penalise a man for losing in a race against an aeroplane.
在論文中，圖靈這樣寫道：我們不能因爲機器無法參加選美比賽而歧視它，正如不能因爲一個人跑不過飛機而歧視他。The conditions of our game make these disabilities irrelevant.
上面給出的遊戲方法，迴避了這些不相干的問題。The 'witnesses' can brag, if they consider it advisable, as much as they please about their charms, strength, or heroism, but the interrogator cannot demand practical demonstrations.
無論是機器還是人類，都可以聲稱自己很美麗，或者很強壯，但猜測者不會要求它們給出實際的證明。
