世界五大發展中國家齊聚中國

Leaders from the group of major developing countries known as BRICS are preparing to meet in Sanya, on the southern Chinese island, Hainan. BRICS is seen as a growing counterweight to the developed countries' dominance in world affairs.

號稱金磚五國的五個主要新興經濟體星期四在中國海南島三亞召開第三次峯會。分析人士說，隨着金磚五國經濟的加速復甦，這些國家在國際經濟秩序中日益成爲可以跟發達國家抗衡的力量。

BRIC started off in 2001 as an economic term used to describe four large rising economies - Brazil, Russia, India and China.

2001年，高盛集團在一份經濟研究報告中首次用“金磚四國”來形容四個主要新興經濟體--中國、印度、巴西和俄羅斯。

In 2009, those four countries gave the term more meaning when they held their first meeting. This year, host China invited South Africa to join and is now calling the grouping "BRICS."

2009年，這四個國家首次召開峯會，“金磚四國”這個概念進一步確立。今年，南非將應中國的邀請出席峯會，金磚四國的提法將被金磚五國取代。

The BRICS nations see themselves as speaking out for developing countries. Brazilian Deputy Minister for Development Industry and Foreign Trade Alessandro Teixeira emphasized that point.

金磚五國將自己視爲發展中世界的代言人。巴西發展工業和外貿部副部長阿雷桑德羅·泰克西拉專門強調了這一點。

"It's an important meeting, as well, because it's forecast by 2013 that the developing economies will surpass the developed economies in terms of GDP share in the world," said Teixeira. "So I guess every single meeting that we have of BRICS is an important meeting, because we are talking with the largest economies on the world."

他說：“這是一次重要的會議。因爲按照目前的預測，到2013年，發展中經濟體的GDP份額將超過發達世界。所以，金磚五國召開的任何會議都非常重要，這些國家已經是全球最主要的經濟體。”

The meeting will focus on economics and the global financial situation. Joseph Cheng, a political science professor at Hong Kong's City University, says the BRICS countries want to reach consensus so they will be in a better position to bargain hard with the developed countries.

這次會議將主要討論全球經濟復甦和金融系統的現狀。香港城市大學政治學教授鄭宇碩說，金磚五國希望首先在集團內部達成一致，然後可以在和發達國家的談判中處於更加有利的位置。"In general, they [the BRICS countries] believe that the Western countries have been dominating the process of rule-making in various important international financial and trade institutions and they would like to seek a reversal of the present situation," said Cheng. "They would like to be able to play a more effective role in the rule-making process."

他說：“總的來說，金磚五國認爲西方國家在國際金融和貿易體系的規則制訂過程中一直處於強勢地位。它們希望改變這種現狀。它們希望在決策過程中發揮更加有效的作用。”

At the same time, Cheng describes the BRICS as a very loose group of countries that may find it difficult to forge consensus because of differing basic interests.

但與此同時，鄭宇碩認爲金磚五國是一個非常鬆散的組合，在基本利益上存在差異，因此很難形成重要共識。

"For example, South Africa, Brazil and India are very proud that they are democracies," added Cheng. "Then, the countries like India and so on, they certainly perceive that China's economic expansion may not be that favorable to their own economic and security interests, so, basically, there is still inadequate mutual trust among the big group."

他說：“比如說，南非、巴西和印度對自己的民主體制感到自豪。還有，像印度這樣的國家，當然認爲中國的經濟擴張對於本國的經濟和安全利益來說不是好消息。所以，這個組織仍然缺乏基本的互信。”

This year's host country, China, has been downplaying any possible disagreements. Assistant Chinese Foreign Minister Wu Hailong told reporters that different points of view will not hamper overall BRICS cooperation.

今年會議的東道主中國試圖淡化這些分歧。中國外交部部長助理吳海龍對記者表示，觀點分歧不會影響金磚五國的全面合作。

Wu says the BRICS countries will put aside issues on which they cannot reach consensus, and will delay discussion on them until conditions are right.

他說，金磚五國將把無法取得共識的問題暫時擱置，等到條件成熟的時候再進行探討。

The BRICS countries, together, make up nearly one fifth of the global economy.

目前，金磚五國的經濟總量佔全球經濟總量的五分之一。

Shi Yinhong, an international relations professor at Renmin University, says he believes that, although BRICS will never become a formal international alliance or coalition, one of its main purposes may be to put other countries on notice.

人民大學國際關係教授時殷弘說，儘管金磚五國永遠不會成爲正式聯盟，但其存在的意義之一是向其他國家展示發展中世界的崛起。

Washington has never said it is concerned about the rise of BRICS, but Shi believes the U.S. and other western officials are watching it closely. He says the influence of the five BRICS countries is, in his words, obviously increasing. He says Western countries may have to change their basic world view.

美國從未對金磚五國的崛起感到擔心。但是，時殷弘相信，美國和其他西方國家對於這個團體密切關注。他說，金磚五國的影響力顯然正在提升。西方國家可能要被迫改變自己的世界觀。