失去歐盟通行證英國金融業將遭重創

The scale of disruption that Brexit could cause in the City of London has been revealed by figures showing that 5,500 UK-registered companies rely on passports to do business in other European countries.

數據顯示，5500家在英國註冊的公司依賴通行證在其他歐洲國家開展業務，這揭示出英國退歐在倫敦金融城可能造成的破壞有多大。

More than 8,000 financial services companies based in the EU or the European Economic Area rely on single-market passports to do business in Britain, according to figures published by the UK financial regulator.

英國金融監管機構發佈的數據顯示，總部位於歐盟或歐洲經濟區(European Economic Area)的逾8000家金融服務公司依賴單一市場通行證在英國開展業務。

There are growing fears in the industry that when it leaves the EU, the UK will lose the passporting rights that allow financial services companies licensed in one EU state to work across the bloc, rather than having to win licences in individual countries.

英國金融業日益擔心，當英國脫離歐盟的時候，英國將喪失通行證權利——即在一個歐盟國家註冊的金融服務公司可以在整個歐盟開展業務，而不用在相關國家贏得牌照。

The fact that there are more companies relying on passporting to do business in the UK than the other way round could boost the case that the EU has as much to lose from restricting UK access to the single market.

依賴通行證在英國做生意的公司數量多於依賴通行證在歐盟做生意的公司數量，這一事實可能讓歐盟限制英國進入單一市場也將損失巨大的觀點更具說服力。

The UK accounts for 40 per cent of Europe’s assets under management and 60 per cent of its capital markets business, according to a report for the British Bankers’ Association by law firm Clifford Chance and consultants Global Counsel seen by the Financial Times.

高偉紳律師事務所(Clifford Chance)和諮詢公司Global Counsel爲英國銀行家協會(British Bankers’ Association)撰寫的報告顯示，英國佔到歐洲金融機構旗下管理資產的40%，佔到歐洲資本市場業務的60%。

New regulatory barriers to business in markets that have up to now operated as a single market will increase costs, raise barriers to entry and reduce customer choice, the BBA report said, adding that UK-based banks provided more than ￡1.1tn of loans to the EU.

英國《金融時報》看到的這份報告稱，對迄今還在作爲單一市場運營的市場裏的企業來說，新的監管障礙將會增加成本、提高進入障礙，並減少客戶選擇。它還表示，總部位於英國的銀行向歐盟提供了逾1.1萬億英鎊的貸款。

Most big US, Japanese and Swiss banks use London as their hub for passporting into other EU markets.

美國、日本和瑞士的大銀行大多將倫敦作爲進入其他歐盟市場的橋頭堡。

Since the Brexit vote in June they have been drawing up contingency plans for moving some business out of the UK.

自今年6月英國公投退歐以來，它們一直在起草將一些業務撤離英國的預案。

The business put at risk could be significant, said Andrew Tyrie, chair of the UK parliament’s Treasury committee, which published the figures from the Financial Conduct Authority.

英國議會財政特別委員會主席安德魯•泰裏(Andrew Tyrie)表示：企業可能面臨顯著風險。

None of the current off-the-shelf arrangements [with the EU] can preserve existing passporting arrangements, while giving the UK the influence and control it needs over financial services regulation as it develops.

當前（與歐盟）的所有現成安排都無法保留現有的通行證安排，也沒有給予英國所需要的對金融服務法規發展演變的影響和控制。該委員會發布了來自英國金融市場行爲監管局(FCA)的數據。

The total number of passports held by UK groups was 336,421 because many have multiple passports for different sectors in different countries, the FCA said.

FCA表示，英國企業總共持有的通行證數量是33.6421萬個，因爲許多企業持有不同國家不同行業的多個通行證。

The total held by European businesses for access to the UK is 23,532.

歐盟企業總計持有的英國通行證數量是2.3532萬個。