印度2020年前將實現“無卡支付”

一場聲勢浩大的“支付革命”正在印度展開。印度政府決心徹底拋棄傳統的支付手段，包括鈔票和信用卡。不久前印度剛廢止大額鈔票流通，現在又提出將在2020年前實現“無卡支付”，轉而採用生物識別支付方式。印度政府官員發話說，未來在印度，每個人都將是“行走的自動取款機”。

If you thought India's decision to ban 86% of its cash was ambitious, wait until you hear what it may do next.
如果你認爲印度禁止全國86%現金流通的決定是野心勃勃的，請聽完他們下一步的計劃再做評價。

The head of a government-run policy institute said on Thursday that the country could completely eliminate the need for credit cards, debit cards and ATMs in the next three years by switching to biometric payments.
19日，一家政府運營的政策研究所負責人說，未來三年內，印度可能完全取消信用卡、借記卡和ATM自動櫃員機，轉而採用生物識別付款技術。

Amitabh Kant said that even electronic payment methods may be "totally redundant" by 2020. Instead, all Indians will need for transactions is their thumb or eye.
印度產業政策及促進部祕書長阿米塔布•坎特稱，到2020年爲止，即便是電子付款方式也可能“完全多餘”。相反，印度所有人僅需指紋或瞳孔就即可完成交易。

"Each one of us in India will be a walking ATM," Kant said at the World Economic Forum in Davos. That would represent "the biggest technological leapfrogging ever in the history of mankind," he added.
坎特在達沃斯全球經濟論壇上發言：“未來在印度，每個人都是行走的自動取款機。”他補充說，這代表“人類史上最大的技術跨越”。

Arundhati Bhattacharya, head of the State Bank of India, agreed that such a dramatic shift was possible.
印度國家銀行行長阿蘭達蒂•巴塔查里亞同意坎特的說法，她認爲這種巨大的變革有可能實現。

"This is something that's eminently doable," she said, pointing out that nearly 1.1 billion of India's 1.3 billion people have already registered their biometric data under the government's unique identification program.
“這項技術可行性很大，”她說，政府特別鑑定項目組已採集了印度十三億人口中近十一億人的生物數據。

The Indian government is testing a payments app that makes use of that biometric data, coupled with portable fingerprint scanners that cost about 2,000 rupees ($30) each.
印度政府正在測試一個運用生物識別數據的付款應用程序和一個售價約爲2000盧比（約206元）的便攜式指紋掃描儀。

India is already reeling from a ban on all 500 and 1,000 rupee notes announced on Nov. 8 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The two notes accounted for almost all of India's currency, and the move hit hard in a country where over 90% of transactions are in cash.
11月8日，印度總理納倫德拉•莫迪宣佈禁止流通500盧比和1000盧比鈔票，可這項法令實施進程緩慢。這兩種面額的鈔票在印度使用最廣泛。這對一個九成交易都以現金支付的國家來說影響巨大。

Modi has said the note ban, aside from reducing tax evasion and money laundering, will help India move towards a cashless society. Moving to biometrics could also help crack down on corruption.
莫迪說，禁令能減少逃稅和洗錢，還將讓印度走向零現金社會。生物識別技術還有利於打擊腐敗。

Digital payment methods have enjoyed a massive boost since the cash ban, but extending them to the entire country is a big ask since more than 70% of Indians don't have smartphones.
自現金禁令發佈以來，數字支付方式使用人數大幅增加。不過，由於超過七成印度人沒有智能手機，推廣到印度全國難度極大。

Eliminating credit cards will likely be even tougher, but India appears determined to try.
取締信用卡的任務可能會更加艱鉅，可印度似乎勢在必行。