三家汽車製造商推P2P汽車分享業務

Three of the world’s biggest carmakers have jumped into peer-to-peer vehicle sharing, as the automobile industry scrambles to stay relevant in the age of Uber and BlaBlaCar.

全球三家大型汽車製造商已投身個人對個人（peer-to-peer，簡稱P2P）汽車分享業務。在這個優步(Uber)和BlaBlaCar的時代，汽車業正力圖確保自己不被邊緣化。

Within hours of each other, Ford, General Motors and BMW announced Airbnb-style schemes on Wednesday – with each manufacturer claiming to be the first to let car owners earn money by renting out their new vehicles to other drivers.

週三，福特(Ford)、通用汽車(General Motors)和寶馬(BMW)在幾小時內相繼公佈了Airbnb式的計劃。這三家汽車製造商各自聲稱自己是首個令車主能通過將新車租給其他人來賺錢的商家。

The moves are part of established companies’ attempts to respond to the changing tastes of so-called millennials. Motor industry executives are watching with alarm as consumer-focused sectors are disrupted by new entrants encouraging individuals to share goods and services with each other.

這些舉措表明，這些老牌企業試圖響應“千禧一代”不斷變化的品味。如今，鼓勵個人與他人分享物品與服務的市場新秀，給面向消費者的行業帶來了顛覆性影響，汽車業高管正以警惕的目光關注着這一切。

“Society and the automotive industry are undergoing radical change,” said Peter Schwarzenbauer, member of the BMW board for the British brands Mini and Rolls-Royce.

分管英國品牌MINI和勞斯萊斯(Rolls-Royce)的寶馬管理委員會成員蕭紳博(Peter Schwarzenbauer)表示：“社會和汽車業正在發生根本性變化。”

From next year, BMW will allow customers buying a Mini to choose to rent out their cars via DriveNow, an existing scheme run by the German carmaker. The option will initially be available in the US and later in DriveNow cities such as London.

從明年起，寶馬將允許顧客在購買MINI時，選擇通過該公司現有的DriveNow項目來出租他們的汽車。這一選擇最初將在美國提供，隨後會擴展到倫敦等有DriveNow項目的城市。

BMW announced the scheme just as Opel, General Motors’ European marque, said it would offer “car sharing for everyone”. Opel CarUnity will allow drivers to rent out their cars – say, to their Facebook friends – via a dedicated Opel app for smartphones and tablet computers.

就在寶馬公佈這一計劃的同時，通用汽車的歐洲品牌歐寶(Opel)也表示，將提供“面向每個人的汽車分享服務”。歐寶的CarUnity將允許車主通過一個專爲智能手機和平板電腦設計的歐寶應用，把他們的車出租給Facebook好友之類的對象。

Ford has also launched a six-month pilot scheme to allow 12,000 customers in and around London who have bought cars through its financial services arm to rent out their vehicles, using easyCar Club, an online peer-to-peer platform. The pilot will also run in six cities in the US, in collaboration with Getaround, another platform.

福特也推出了一個爲期6個月的試點計劃。根據該計劃，在倫敦及其周邊地區，通過福特旗下的金融服務公司購車的1.2萬名顧客，可使用在線P2P平臺easyCar Club出租他們的汽車。此外，福特還在6座美國城市與一個名叫Getaround的平臺合作推出這一試點。

In each case, a portion of the fee paid by the person renting the car goes to the vehicle owner, with the remainder passing to the manufacturer, partly to cover insurance.

每次租車時，租車者所付費用將有一定比例交給車主，其餘部分則到了製造商手中——這麼做部分是爲了支付保險費。