美國發函退出萬國郵政聯盟

The United States formally moved on Wednesday to withdraw from one of the oldest international organizations in a bid to lower rates for foreign Postal deliveries of small packages in the United States.

The formal notification, known as a letter of denunciation, to withdraw from the Universal Postal Union (UPU) is being sent by the State Department in response to what the administration of President Donald Trump views as an unfair advantage primarily for China, but also for such other countries as France and Germany, in online commerce.

The existing international postal system makes it cheaper to ship a package from China to America than from one side of the United States to the other.

"It creates huge costs to the U.S. postal system," which has to charge higher rates to American companies in a cross-subsidy, "so that costs jobs," according to a senior Trump administration official, speaking to reporters on a background briefing call.

The unfair international postal rates, according to the official, also are being used by China to ship counterfeit goods and narcotics, such as fentanyl, to the United States.

From now on, the United States will have "self-declared rates" for packages under 2 kilograms (4.4 pounds) to correct what U.S. officials call a "major economic distortion."美國週三正式採取行動退出最古老的國際組織之一，以降低來自美國境外郵遞包裹的運費。

國務院正在發出被稱爲退出通知書的正式信函，退出萬國郵政聯盟（萬國郵聯），這是遵照特朗普總統認爲的給中國在線商務帶來的不公平優勢所做的迴應，同時也包括其他國家如法國和德國。

根據現有的國際郵政系統，從中國運往美國的包裹比從美國運到中國的要便宜。

特朗普政府一名高級官員在一個情況簡報會上對記者說：“這給美國郵政系統帶來了巨大成本，”必須以交叉補貼的方式向美國公司收取更高的費用以降低這一成本，”而這影響到工作機會。“

該官員稱，這種不公平的國際郵政費率也被中國用於向美國郵遞假冒商品和芬太尼等麻醉品。

從現在開始，美國將對2公斤以下的包裹“自行定價”，以糾正美國官員所稱的“重大經濟扭曲”。