健康小貼士:我們都愛吃的10種致命食物

It may come as a shock to find that some foods we eat every day can be hiding some of the most deadly poisons on earth. So, just when you thought it was safe to eat your dinner, here's a list of tasty foods that carry an element of danger with every bite.
這真讓人吃驚，一些食物暗藏有地球上最致命的毒物，然而我們卻每天都在吃。因此，如果你想安全的吃晚餐，你吃每一口的時候都要注意這張榜單上美味食物均攜帶着一種危險的毒素。

Raw almonds are full of cyanide.
生杏仁充滿了氰化物。

The good: Almonds are delicious on their own or as part of a recipe. These seeds (not a nut, as commonly thought) are rich in vitamins and minerals, and may lower cholesterol and even the risk of cancer.
益處：杏仁不管直接作爲一種點心或者成爲菜餚的一部分都十分美味。這些種子其實並不是一般所謂的堅果。它們富含維生素和礦物質，而且膽固醇含量也很低，甚至可以降低患癌症的風險。

The bad: Apart from a fairly common tree nut allergy, bitter almonds are chock full of cyanide. In fact, it's illegal to buy raw, untreated bitter almonds in the U.S. today. All almonds undergo mandatory pasteurization to remove poison and bacteria -- which has stirred up food controversy since 2007.
壞處：杏仁除了會誘發過敏之外，其還含有大量氰化物。事實上，在如今的美國，購買一小塊的生杏仁仍然算違法。所有的杏仁都要經過消毒以除去其中的病毒和細菌。

Nutmeg can cause psychotic hallucinations.
肉豆寇會產生精神幻覺。

The good: Nutmeg is an ancient spice, usually grated and used for its sweet properties. It can be put in coffee, deserts, soups, curries, and even wine. It also has medicinal uses, easing muscle and tooth pains as well as stomach-related afflictions.
益處：肉豆寇是一種古老的調味劑，一般會壓碎之後用於製作甜點。它可以加在咖啡、湯、咖喱甚至酒裏。肉豆寇還有藥用價值，可以緩解肌肉和牙齒疼痛，還可以治癒相關胃痛。

The bad: A little nutmeg is delicious. A lot of nutmeg is dangerous. Over-consumption of the spice can cause hallucinations, or even a state called "Nutmeg Psychosis," where the user experiences feelings of agitation and even a "sense of doom."
壞處：一點點肉豆寇是美味的，但要是吃很多就危險了。吃過量的肉豆寇會產生幻覺，甚至會患上肉荳蔻精神病。這時，患者會感覺顫抖甚至會死亡。

Cassava contains several types of cyanide.
木薯包含多種氰化物。

The good: In the tropics, cassava is king-- one of the best sources of calories around, it can be cooked in a variety of ways. It can also be made into bread, crackers, beverages and puddings. Humans and animals alike use it as a food source.

益處：在熱帶地區，木薯是卡路里的最佳來源，它還有多種煮法。木薯還能用於製作麪包、薄餅、飲料和甜點。人類和動物都把它作爲一種食物來源。

The bad: Cassava contains more than one type of cyanide. Unless it's prepared properly, or if consumed in great quantities, this shrub can paralyze or even kill you.
壞處：木薯含有多種氰化物。除非它被煮熟，否則食用一定量的木薯會讓你癱瘓甚至喪命。

Cherry pits are full of cyanogenic glycosides.
櫻桃充滿了氰苷。

The good: Cherries themselves are tasty. The pits can be used as a source of fuel, and to relieve body aches and pains.
益處：櫻桃本身很好吃。這種水果的核可以被製作成一種燃料，還能緩解身體疼痛。

The bad: Cherry pits contain cyanogenic glycosides. A small amount is fine, but several pits -- made worse by chewing them up and allowing the glycosides to mix with your enzymes -- can poison you. Effects range from headaches and vomiting to kidney failure and eventually coma, convulsions, and death.
壞處：櫻桃核含有多種氰苷。吃一點點沒事，但是如果將其咀嚼會釋放大量的糖苷混合物，與你的酶相結合會讓你喪命。症狀有頭疼、噁心甚至還會出現昏迷、抽搐和死亡。

Rhubarb contains toxic Oxalates and anthraquinone glycoside.
大黃含有毒草酸以及蒽醌苷。

The good: Rhubarb is used in deserts, has laxative properties, contains tons of vitamins and minerals, and is low in calories. It's also easy to grow at home.
益處：大黃被用於製作藥材，有通便祕的功效，其含有大量的維生素和礦物質，所含的卡路里較少。而且也很容易在室內生長。

The bad: Oxalates in the rhubarb leaves makes them highly toxic. Another leaf-dwelling toxin is anthraquinone glycoside.
Try mixing the leaves with soda and water to see how corrosive these acids can be. But freezing rhubarb -- which is a common storage method -- can cause the toxins to sink to the stalks, resulting in contamination.
壞處：大黃的草酸中含有高濃度的有毒物質，另一種有毒物質是蒽醌苷。試着將其葉子與蘇打水相混合所產生的酸具有強烈的腐蝕性。人們一般會把食物冷藏，但是這樣做有毒物質就流入到了莖部，從而產生致命的化學作用。

Tomato plants contain poisonous glycoalkoloids.
西紅柿含有有毒的生物鹼苷。

The good: Tomatoes can be found everywhere, from salads to hamburgers. They can help treat high blood pressure, heart disease, and even athlete's foot.
益處：從色拉到漢堡包，西紅柿到處可見。其有益於高血壓、心臟病甚至腳癬。

The bad: Beyond the heartburn of the tomato itself, tomato stems and leaves contain glycoalkoloids, a poison that causes headaches, stomach aches, cases of respiratory depression, and loss of feeling.
壞處：除了對西紅柿的喜愛，西紅柿的莖和葉含有生物鹼苷，這種有毒物質會導致頭疼、胃疼、呼吸衰竭以及麻木。

Apple seeds are chock full of cyanogenic acid.
蘋果的種子充滿了氰酸。

The good: Again, the fruit around the seed is pretty good. The seeds contain protein and potassium, and if you're careful, they can be used to combat cancer cells.
益處：再說一次，蘋果種子周圍的果肉是有益健康的。但是這些種子含有蛋白質和鉀，如果你注意使用，蘋果可以用於殺死癌細胞。

The bad: Apple seeds contain cyanogenic acids. Similar to cherry pits, the poison factor of the seeds depends on the quantity consumed. Your body can handle a few, but more than that leads to headaches, anxiety, kidney failure, and loss of life.
壞處：蘋果的種子充滿了氰酸。跟櫻桃核類似，這些有毒物質需要食用一定量纔會發生作用。你的身體會幫你處理一些毒物，但是吃多了會導致頭疼、焦慮、腎衰竭和死亡。

Mushrooms may contain the deadly toxins orellanine, gyromitrin, and alpha-amanitin.
蘑菇可能含有奧來毒素、鹿花蕈素和α-鵝膏毒肽。

The good: Mushrooms also have a variety of uses, from salad to risotto. Though polarizing, this fungus has a versatile taste. Edible mushrooms don't have any poisons but do contain many health benefits.
益處：從色拉到意大利調味飯，蘑菇有很多用途，也可以有多種吃法。可以吃的蘑菇是無毒的，而且還會含有有益健康的物質。

The bad: Toadstools are a slang term for poisonous mushrooms, which can be extremely deadly -- just a few bites are needed to cause fatal liver damage -- cooking the mushrooms doesn't kill the poison. Just a few of the deadly mushroom toxins that can kill you are orellanine, gyromitrin, and alpha-amanitin.
壞處：有些毒菌只要吃上一小口就會喪命，就算煮熟了蘑菇也不會把這些毒素去除。其中的致命元兇是奧來毒素、鹿花蕈素和α-鵝膏毒肽。

Castor beans are filled with ricin.
蓖麻籽富含蓖麻毒素。

The good: Castor oil is used in a number of ways, usually by parents for their kid's stomach aches. You can also find the oil in food flavorings and colorings, such as in candy and chocolate.
益處：蓖麻籽油具有多種用途，父母一般會用作孩子的胃藥。你也可以在食品調味劑和調色劑中找到這些東西，如糖果和巧克力。

The bad: Just one castor bean is enough to kill a child, and a few more can kill an adult. A single gram of ricin, the bean's main toxin, is thousands of times more powerful than cyanide. Worst of all, there is no known remedy for a ricin poisoning.
壞處：一粒蓖麻籽就能殺死一個兒童，成年人多吃幾粒也會死去。一克蓖麻毒素毒效等於氰化物的上千倍。最糟糕的是，現在還沒有針對這種毒素的藥方。

The Puffer fish has Tetrodotoxin.
河豚魚有河豚毒素。

The good: An incredibly expensive delicacy in Japan, the puffer fish has been praised as the most delicious of all fish. No doubt the taste is heightened by a sense of fear.
益處：河豚在日本非常受歡迎，它被譽爲最美味的魚。毋庸置疑，恐懼的感覺會讓美味翻倍。

The bad: The fear of the fugu comes from the fact that it is extremely poisonous. The puffer fish must be prepared a special way, by licensed chefs who undergo rigorous training, to be enjoyed. Tetrodotoxin can be found in the liver, ovaries, and skin, and accidental death is the common result of ineffectual removal. As a protective measure, the emperor of Japan is not allowed to eat fugu.
壞處：對河豚的恐懼來自它的毒性。河豚魚必須要用一種特殊的方法來烹飪。獲得許可的廚師需要經過嚴格的訓練。河豚的肝、卵巢和皮膚都含有河豚毒素，如果去除得不夠乾淨會導致意外死亡。