那些比馬桶座髒得多的居家物品(上)

While toilet seats are infamous for being the breeding grounds for bacteria, there are many dirtier places in your house that you probably never knew existed. The following list shows common household appliances that are dirtier than your conventional toilet seat.

馬桶座是細菌衍生的溫牀，向來揹負着"最髒家用品"的污名，因而常遭人唾棄，但你可能不知道，家裏比馬桶還髒的東西多着去了。下面，小編就給大家扒一扒比馬桶座還髒的居家物品。

10.冰塊

While ice would appear to be perfectly clean and unsuspecting, it is in fact a major breeding ground for organisms according to the Journal of the American Medical Association. Ice can become soiled through being transported on dirty floors of freezing rooms, carried by soiled human hands, or exposed to unsanitary ice machines. If that wasn't enough, a study found that 70% of the time, ice served in fast food restaurants across America had more bacteria than toilet water found in most households. Furthermore, most restaurants across America tend to freeze water for ice out of tap water, leaving many unfiltered particles to remain and be consumed. For this reason, ice makes it to the tenth position on this list.

大夥肯定會大惑不解，冰塊明明就是"乾淨"的代名詞，怎麼會跟"髒"扯上邊呢。美國醫學會雜誌的一項研究表明，冰塊也是微生物滋生的溫牀。就比如說，冰塊上可能附着冷凍室地上的髒東西，也可能粘着搬運工手上的細菌，亦或者被不乾淨的切冰機器所玷污。如果這些還不足以說服你，小編再來給你列個數據：有研究發現，美國快餐店裏供應的冰塊上所含的細菌要比大多數家用的抽水馬桶裏的水中所含的細菌還要多！再加上美國的快餐店大都習慣直接從自來水管裏接水冰凍，因而導致很多未經過濾的微粒殘存並隨後被人體吸收。由此，我們將冰塊這個"腌臢物"列至榜單第十位。

es and Desks

9.桌子

Whether being used for art and schoolwork for elementary school children or for important business meetings, tables and desks have on average more than 400 times more bacteria and germs than a toilet seat. This can lead to many serious illnesses, such as smallpox, measles, and the flu. Tables also attract more germs than toilets because of the amount of time hands are placed on desks. In fact, it was reported that the area in which your hands rest on tables and desks can have approximately 10,000 bacteria organisms growing. Furthermore, many office tables are often left unwashed for long periods of time, allowing for bacteria and harmful organisms to grow and develop before spreading. For this reason, tables and desks come in at number nine of this list.

不管是小學教室裏的課桌，還是舉行大型商務會議時用的辦公桌，桌子平均所含的細菌量是馬桶座的400多倍，因此會引發很多嚴重的疾病，比如天花、麻疹和流感等。而且，人們往往都習慣將手放在書桌之上，這也是爲什麼桌子比馬桶更易產生細菌的原因之一。根據一項調查顯示，僅僅是雙手在桌子上放着的那一小撮地方就有幾近10000個細菌和病毒。再加上很多辦公桌常常很久都不打掃和清潔，這就更使得大量細菌和有害生物體滋生，進而擴散傳播。因此，我們將桌椅列至榜單倒數第二位。

uter Keyboards

8.鍵盤

Because people tend to use computer keyboards throughout their daily lives, it is no surprise that these devices would make it on the list. Keyboards attract a great amount of bacteria because they are rarely wiped or sanitized on a regular basis. As a result, it was shown in a study by Master Cleaners Ltd that "Keyboards contain 70 percent more bacteria than a toilet seat." Additionally, because keyboards are commonly used by more than one person in office and classroom settings, viruses and bacteria can move easily from person to person in a short period of time. For example, the Center for Disease reported that the first report of a norovirus was detected on a computer keyboard. The agency also revealed that the norovirus outbreak could have been entirely prevented if people simply cleaned their keyboards frequently and diligently to limit the spread of germs from one computer to another. As a result, computer keyboards are number 8 on this list.

當今社會，電腦已經成爲人們生活的一部分，貫穿我們生活的各個方面，所以電腦鍵盤名列此榜也就不足爲奇了。由於人們很少會對鍵盤進行定期清理和消毒，這就使得鍵盤很容易產生細菌。清潔大師有限公司曾做過一項調查，結果表明"鍵盤上的細菌比馬桶座上多百分之七十"。而且，由於鍵盤常常被辦公室或者教室的人共同使用，所以細菌和病毒也更容易在短時間內進行傳播。舉個例子吧，疾病中心就曾發表聲明稱，第一例諾瓦克病毒就是在電腦鍵盤上發現的。該機構還稱，其實人們只消勤快些，常常清理下鍵盤，並且儘量限制多人共用同一鍵盤，就可以完全避免諾瓦克病毒的發作和蔓延。所以呢，我們把電腦鍵盤列至此榜單的第八位。

Phones

7.手機

Cell phones can be found nearly everyone traveling from outside their home or outside the country. For that reason, cell phones would naturally be festering with germs and bacteria. In a report by British newspaper Which?, it was reported that of a total of 90 devices tested, there were over six hundred individual organisms of Staphylococcus aureus found on the surface of a cell phone. The bacteria organism Staphylococcus aureus has been known to cause ailments ranging from respiratory tract infection to staph infections. Additionally, because phones are so rarely cleaned, they carry as much as 10 times as many bacteria than your household toilet seat. It is for these reasons that cell phones made the seventh spot on this list. Cell phones are therefore number seven on this list.

現在不管是出國旅個遊還是出門遛個彎兒，幾乎每個人都會隨身攜帶手機。所以手機自然而然就成了病毒和細菌孕育後代的最佳溫牀。英國雜誌《哪個？》開展了一項調查，結果表明在測試的90種東西中，手機表面上竟含有高達600多個金黃色葡萄球菌生物個體，這種菌會引起許多感染，小到呼吸道感染，大到葡萄球菌感染，極其嚴重。再加上人們很少清理手機外殼，這就導致手機上攜帶的細菌量是家用馬桶座圈的十倍之多。所以，手機就自然在本榜單收穫了第七名的"好成績"，名列第七。

hen Chopping Boards

6.廚房砧板

It shouldn't come as a surprise that kitchen chopping boards would contain some degree of bacteria left over from the raw meats sliced on them. However, what is surprising is that it was determined by the FDA that there are 200 times more fecal bacteria on cutting boards than on an actual toilet seat. This bacteria can be very serious to one's health because it can cause many food-borne illnesses, including salmonella and campylobacter. Also, because kitchen chopping boards are often left out for hours on end, this provides a chance for bacteria to easily grow and spread in a warm environment. Because of this, it can be said that it is safer to prepare meats on a toilet seat than it is on an unwashed kitchen chopping board. For these reasons, kitchen chopping boards come in at number six on this list of top ten dirtier items than a toilet seat.

砧板上會殘留下生肉上所攜帶的一些細菌，這個我們貌似都有所瞭解。但令人驚訝的是，（美國）食品及藥品管理局（FDA）曾宣佈稱，砧板上的糞便細菌要比一個正常使用的馬桶多200倍！糞便細菌對人體健康危害極大，它會通過食物來傳播疾病，包括沙門氏菌和彎曲桿菌等。同樣，由於我們總把廚房砧板擱置一旁、不常清洗，所以給細菌在溫暖的環境下生長和擴散提供了機會。因此，在這份"比馬桶還髒的十樣東西"榜單上，我們將廚房砧板列至第六位。

翻譯：毛志遙 來源：前十網