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各類狀語從句中的虛擬語氣用法

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英語學習中,虛擬語氣通常是重點加難點,考試從來不會少出,但又往往弄得同學們焦頭爛額,丟分不斷,滬江小編今天就來和大家一起學習一下什麼是虛擬語氣。

各類狀語從句中的虛擬語氣用法

英語的動詞有三種語氣形式,即陳述語氣、祈使語氣和虛擬語氣,陳述語氣用來說明事實或就事實提出詢問,祈使語氣用於表示請求、命令、建議或警告等,而虛擬語氣則是謂語動詞的一種特殊形式,用來表達假設、猜測、可能或空想等虛擬情況,也可以表示主觀願望或表達某種強烈的感情,通常出現在各類從句中。

一. 條件狀語從句

時間

     從句謂語形式

   主句謂語形式

 

將來

 if + 主語+ 動詞過去式(be用were)

 if+主語+should + 動詞原形

 if+主語+were to + 動詞原形

 

   主語+would / should / might / could + 動詞原形

現在

 if +主語+ 動詞一般過去時

    主語+ would / should / might / could + 動詞原形

過去

 if+ 主語+had done

    主語+would / should / might / could have + 動詞過去分詞

例句:

1.現在:

If I were you,I would choose that picture.

2.過去:

If you had taken my advice,you would not have made such a mistake.

3.將來:

If there were a sunny day next Sunday,we would go hiking.

 

二. 目的狀語從句:

1.在for fear that,in case,lest引導的從句中,若用虛擬語氣時,從句謂語爲:(should) + do。

eg. He started out earlier in case he (should) be late.

 2.在so that,in order that所引導的目的狀語從句中,從句中的謂語爲:can / could / may / might / will / would /should + do。 eg. He goes closer to the speaker so that he can hear him clearer. 三. 原因狀語從句:  1. should + 原形動詞,表現在或將來 eg. He was angry that you should call him by name.

 

2. should + 完成式, 表過去

eg. I’m very sorry that you should have failed the test.

 

四.方式狀語從句:

虛擬語氣常用於as if, as though 引導的方式狀語從句:

 時間

 結構

 主句動作之前

 had + 過去分詞

 主句動作之後

 would / could / might / should+動詞原形

eg. They began to talk warmly as if they had known each other for long.

      They stopped talking as if someone should come.

 

以上就是滬江小編爲大家整理的幾種常見的虛擬語氣用法,不知道大家有沒有好好消化呢?虛擬語氣無論大小考試都是必出的重點,同學們必須熟練掌握啊。小編覺得只要多看多練,照着例句自己仿寫一下,相信大家很快就能攻破虛擬語氣這個大難點了。