各類狀語從句中的虛擬語氣用法
在英語學習中,虛擬語氣通常是重點加難點,考試從來不會少出,但又往往弄得同學們焦頭爛額,丟分不斷,滬江小編今天就來和大家一起學習一下什麼是虛擬語氣。
英語的動詞有三種語氣形式,即陳述語氣、祈使語氣和虛擬語氣,陳述語氣用來說明事實或就事實提出詢問,祈使語氣用於表示請求、命令、建議或警告等,而虛擬語氣則是謂語動詞的一種特殊形式,用來表達假設、猜測、可能或空想等虛擬情況,也可以表示主觀願望或表達某種強烈的感情,通常出現在各類從句中。
一. 條件狀語從句:
時間 | 從句謂語形式 | 主句謂語形式 |
將來 | if + 主語+ 動詞過去式(be用were) if+主語+should + 動詞原形 if+主語+were to + 動詞原形 |
主語+would / should / might / could + 動詞原形 |
現在 | if +主語+ 動詞一般過去時 | 主語+ would / should / might / could + 動詞原形 |
過去 | if+ 主語+had done | 主語+would / should / might / could have + 動詞過去分詞 |
例句:
1.現在:
If I were you,I would choose that picture.
2.過去:
If you had taken my advice,you would not have made such a mistake.
3.將來:
If there were a sunny day next Sunday,we would go hiking.
二. 目的狀語從句:
1.在for fear that,in case,lest引導的從句中,若用虛擬語氣時,從句謂語爲:(should) + do。
eg. He started out earlier in case he (should) be late.
2.在so that,in order that所引導的目的狀語從句中,從句中的謂語爲:can / could / may / might / will / would /should + do。 eg. He goes closer to the speaker so that he can hear him clearer. 三. 原因狀語從句: 1. should + 原形動詞,表現在或將來 eg. He was angry that you should call him by name.
2. should + 完成式, 表過去
eg. I’m very sorry that you should have failed the test.
四.方式狀語從句:
虛擬語氣常用於as if, as though 引導的方式狀語從句:
時間 | 結構 |
主句動作之前 | had + 過去分詞 |
主句動作之後 | would / could / might / should+動詞原形 |
eg. They began to talk warmly as if they had known each other for long.
They stopped talking as if someone should come.
以上就是滬江小編爲大家整理的幾種常見的虛擬語氣用法,不知道大家有沒有好好消化呢?虛擬語氣無論大小考試都是必出的重點,同學們必須熟練掌握啊。小編覺得只要多看多練,照着例句自己仿寫一下,相信大家很快就能攻破虛擬語氣這個大難點了。