首屆“儒易杯”中華文化國際翻譯大賽決賽口譯題
英譯漢：
試題1
On this side of the Huangpu, the eclectic old buildings speak to us of China’s history. On the opposite bank, the towering skyscrapers of Pudong say much about its future. More than that, the Bund itself is testament to the deep historical roots of the UK’s trading links with China. The Custom House clock, the international symbol of Shanghai, was made in Shropshire; its bells were cast in Leicestershire.
試題2：
Jazz is so much more than music: it is a lifestyle and a tool for dialogue, even social change. The history of jazz tells of the power of music to bring together artists from different cultures and backgrounds, as a driver of integration and mutual respect. Through jazz, millions of people have sung and still sing today their desire for freedom, tolerance and human dignity.
試題3：
UNESCO established International Jazz Day to promote these values. This year, once again, hundreds of events and concerts will be organized worldwide, by authorities, music schools and concert halls. The main event will take place this year in Japan – in Osaka, a city where jazz draws strength from a tradition that dates back to the 1920s, and which has kept its energy vibrant up to the present day.
試題4：
As China expands and hundreds of millions of Chinese become richer, they will want the products in which Britain excels – Jaguar Land Rover cars, Burberry fashion, top quality entertainment including television and film. And we’re proving that we’re well-matched economic partners with the business deals being done today, from Jaguar Land Rover’s £4.5 billion of new sales to small companies with pioneering technology.
試題5：
Modern Water has landed contracts worth an anticipated £20 million. One of Britain’s best museums, the V&A, is undertaking to develop a new museum in Shenzhen. As governments, we’re building the environment for our businesses to flourish in the long-term, with new agreements on investments and patents, a new £200 million joint research fund, which will boost innovation, and a digital alliance which could unleash £2 billion of investment.
試題6：
Now I’ve also had the opportunity in my philanthropic work to meet people who apply their talents and passion in giving back grace. Many of these people are impatient to see the world to improve their optimist will. People who believe in the possibility of change and are eager to do something about it. Doctors courageous enough to risk their own lives to save the lives of others suffering from Ebola.
試題7：
Entrepreneurs use their ingenuity to deliver life-saving drugs to remote villages by drone. People of all walks of life volunteer their time to help the homeless. Maybe you want to develop the next vaccine that protects everyone from malaria, design the battery that lights people’s desks at night, or the mobile technology that will allow people to start new businesses. No matter what your ambition is, this is the best time to do it.
試題8：
I’m not worried about artificial intelligence giving computers the ability to think like humans. I’m more concerned about people thinking like computers without values or compassion, without concern for consequences. That is what we need you to help us guard against. Because if science is a search in the darkness, then the humanities are a candle that shows us where we’ve been and the danger that lies ahead.
試題9：
As Steve once said, technology alone is not enough. It is technology married with the liberal arts, married with the humanities that make our hearts sing. When you keep people at the center of what you do, it can have an enormous impact. It means an iPhone that allows the blind person to run a marathon. It means technology infused with your values, making progress possible for everyone.
試題10：
Bob Dylan, born in May 1941 in Minnesota, is an American singer-songwriter, author, poet and disc jockey, who has been a major figure in popular music for nearly five decades. Much of Dylan’s most celebrated work dates from the 1960s. A number of his songs, such as Blowing in the Wind and A Hard Rain’s Gonna Fall, became anthems of the anti-war and civil rights movements.
試題11：
Dylan’s early lyrics incorporated politics, social commentary, philosophy and literary influences, defying existing pop music conventions and appealing widely to the counterculture. While expanding and personalizing musical styles, he has shown steadfast devotion to many traditions of American song, from folk, blues and country to gospel, rock and roll and even jazz and swing.
試題12：
The oldest Irish literature consists of stories and poems about ancient kings and heroes, which were transmitted orally in Irish. The written literature did not begin until Christian missionaries arrived in the 5th century AD and introduced the Roman alphabet, which was then adapted to the Irish language. Anglo-Irish writers dominated Irish literature during the 17th and 18th centuries.
試題13：
But by the 19th century, the Irish wanted to revive Gaelic culture and the Irish language. These movements linked literature with the cause of Irish political and cultural independence from Britain. Modern Irish literature is characterized by wit and humor, often in the form of satire or irony. Another defining feature has been an exploration of the riches of language and an enjoyment of wordplay.
試題14：
“The Renaissance” movement first started in Italy during the 14th century. The intellectual wisdom of ancient Greece and Rome encouraged a rebirth of human spirit, a realization of human potential for development and creation. Never before in human history were men and women so eager to create and discover something new. In Italy, a group of artists, scientists, politicians, and writers created the most brilliant page of culture and science in Europe.
試題15：
British poetry, drama and prose, are greatly developed during the Renaissance. England as an insular country followed a course of social and political history, which was largely independent of the course of history elsewhere in Europe. Owing to the great genius of the 14th century poet Chaucer, the native literature was sufficiently vigorous and experienced in assimilating foreign influences without being subjected by them.
試題16：
The Maya were believed to be one of the most intelligent of the ancient cultures. They seemed to be excellent farmers. They cultivated maize, beans, and chili peppers, and also cash crops of cotton and cacao. This cannot have been easy, as the climate was inhospitable. They also built their settlements next to natural watering holes. The Maya devised a complex style of hieroglyphic writing that has yet to be fully deciphered.
試題17：
The Maya knew lots about science, math and astrology. They used math and astronomy to predict eclipses and other heavenly events with great precision and formulated a unique calendar system more exact than the one we use today. Maya culture dates back to 1500 BC. No one was sure how this wonderful civilization fell. It could be insufficient food supply, earthquakes, pestilence, invasion or internal rebellion.
漢譯英：
試題1
春節貼年畫是節慶活動的重要內容之一，年畫多爲祈福內容，以增添節日氛圍。其中一些含有道德寓意，在教育不普及的舊時代，這些畫起到了教育作用，一些年畫以忠孝仁義、善惡有報等爲內容。
試題2：
仕女圖是另一個受歡迎的年畫題材。隨着人們物質生活水平的提高，掛曆的內容又增加了書法繪畫以及名勝古蹟等內容，爲了使掛曆成爲有價值的新年禮品，絲綢金箔等材料代替了紙張。90年代末以後掛曆漸漸過時。
試題3：
中華文化學院獨具人文內涵，在語言教學和文化交流等方面發揮着積極作用。今後，要在搞好語言教學的同時，加強文化交流與互動，豐富和拓展發展空間。我們將支持開展豐富多彩的文化活動。
試題4：
同時，我們也將繼續辦好文藝巡演、教材巡展、文化巡講等品牌活動，推動中醫、武術、氣功、書法、戲曲、中國畫、中國歌舞、烹飪等走進社區，增進普通民衆對中國的興趣和對真實中國的瞭解。
試題5：
當代社會的任何一個民族，其先進文化不是孤立的現象，而是與其他民族的文明進行廣泛交流的產物。當然，文化交流不是讓外國文化吞沒自己的文化；任何一個民族的文化，其根基與主流必須具有這個民族的鮮明特徵。
試題6：
打個比喻，吸取外國文化是一個入口、咀嚼和消化的過程。我們應該去僞存真、去粗存精、多出優進、抵禦腐蝕的原則。我不認爲各種文化的不同特點和風格會因此而消失，相反，不同的文化可以取長補短，互爲補充。
試題7：
我很高興有機會向各位朋友介紹中國的烹調。中國人非常重視“吃”。“民以食爲天”這句俗話迄今還廣爲傳誦。食物可口和營養豐富一直被當作日常生活的基本要素。中國的烹飪文化源遠流長；距今約3500年。
試題8：
中國的烹飪文化起始於商周朝，中國現有的菜餚品種有11000種之多。烹調方法有也有50多種。在漫長的發展過程中，中國菜逐漸分化爲南北兩大口味，一般來說，南方菜講究鮮嫩。而北方菜油重一些。
試題9：
氣功的字面意思是“呼吸練習”，在中國，氣功的歷史可以追溯到3 000年前。這種鍛鍊的目的是強身健體，延年益壽，抵禦疾病，增強生理機能。今天健身氣功在中國正日益受到歡迎，尤其在老年人和慢性病患者中很流行。
試題10：
健身氣功是中國特有的民族運動。事實上，它既是運動又是理療。健身氣功有許多流派，但都包含三個基本方面，那就是調節身體部位，調節呼吸，和調節意念，即把注意力集中在某一方面以達到心平氣和思想集中的效果。
試題11：
有些人認爲風水是迷信，但風水其實是環境學、心理學和衛生學的結合。在風水學中，那些對居住環境構成不良影響的物體聲音氣味光線等都被稱爲“煞”，比如房間的光線過明或過暗，都會對人的情緒產生負面影響。
試題12：
風水可以幫助人們適應有害的環境，風水中有中國傳統文化的因素，最主要的就是金、木、水、火、土五行之說的影響。五行說的本質是事物相生相剋，人們應趨利避害，換句話說就是達到平衡。
試題13：
孔子出生於中國歷史上的春秋末期。他被認爲是中國最有影響的道德家和政治哲學家。在公元前390年至309年的戰國時期，人們將他的學說擴充並進行系統整理，不過我們今天所瞭解的孔子學說是漢朝才形成的。
試題14：
它是以一整套的道德規範爲根本的，比如孔子信奉善心、人性和友愛或者說“仁”。爲人要行爲端正、講道德、負責任，這就“義”。一個人不能爲了自己獲得好處而妨礙別人，這就是“禮”。
試題15：
大家不遠萬里來到北京，用中國人的話來說，就是大家有緣分，有緣千里來相會。剛纔我在門口迎接大家，看到各位都穿上中國式服裝，既充滿了中國傳統元素，又體現了現代氣息，讓我們更感親近。老百姓也會感到親切。
試題16：
各位女士的服飾格外鮮麗，羣芳薈萃、奼紫嫣紅，爲今天的晚宴增加了一道亮麗的風景線。我們現在所在的地方叫水立方，對面是鳥巢，這兩個建築一方一圓，這蘊含着天圓地方中國的哲學理念，形成了陰陽平衡的統一。
試題17：
中醫藥是一個偉大寶庫，應當努力發掘。大自然給我們提供了大量的植物資源，醫藥學研究者可以從中開發新藥。中醫藥在幾千年的發展中積累了大量臨牀經驗，對於自然資源的藥用價值已經有所整理歸納。
試題18：
我想再強調一下，中醫藥通過繼承發揚，一定會造福人類。最後，我想用兩句唐詩來結束我的演講：欲窮千里目，更上一層樓。請各位有機會時更上一層樓，去領略中國文化的魅力，發現蘊涵於中醫藥中的美和寶藏！
試題19：
儒道兩家都產生於春秋末期，是中國古代文明的理論結晶，是形成最早的兩大學派。孔子和老子是最早建立私家學派的先行者。從宇宙論來看，儒、道兩家都講“天人合一”，但儒家偏重於人事，大力倡導張揚道德人格的力量。
試題20：
道家則偏重於“天道”，追求因順自然。這種奇妙組合形成了中國獨特的天人觀念，既積極進取又審時度勢。從政治上來看，儒家的“有爲”政治與道家的“無爲”政治往往相反相成，一張一弛。
