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關於英語數詞的基本用法

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對於我們英語中的數詞和數字的表達方式,大家知道怎麼寫或者是怎麼表達的嗎?接下來,小編給大家準備了關於英語數詞的基本用法,歡迎大家參考與借鑑。

關於英語數詞的基本用法

(一)基數詞的基本用法

1.定語

Fifty thousand London dockers are out on strike.

2.主語

數詞作主語,謂語動詞用單數。

如: Two months is quite a long time.

Five is an odd number.

3.賓語或介詞賓語

How many do you want? -----Eight, please.

The city has a population of four million.

4.表語

We are altogether fourteen.

Five plus seven is twelve.

5.同位語

What work are you to assign us three?

Is there room for us two?

6.基數詞+單數名詞+形容詞構成合成形容詞。如:一個五歲的男孩a five-year-old boy;一座800米長的橋an 800-metre-long bridge;女子400米接力girls'400-metre relay race。

7.句型:主語+is +about(大約)/ over =more than(超過)/nearly(接近)+具體數詞+metre(s)/kilometre(s)/kilo(s)long / high /tall /deep /away等。如:長江長6300公里。

The Changjiang River is 6,300 kilometres long.

8.表示“。。。。。。十”的數詞的複數形式可以用來表示人的歲數或年代:

He is in his early thirties.

He died still in his forties.

This took place in the 1930s.

(二)序數詞的基本用法

1.序數詞主要用作定語,前面一般要加定冠詞(或物主代詞):

Tom is their second son.

They celebrated1 the 10th anniversary of the founding of the republic.

I will never give up, not even on the 1,000th or 10,000th try.

2.有時前面可以加一個不定冠詞來表示“再一”, “又一”這樣的意思:

We’ll have to do it a second time.

Shall I ask him a third time?

When I sat down, a fourth man rose to speak.

t,second 等有時可用來表示“第一個人(批)”“第二個人”等:

She was among the first to come and settle in Dujiashan.

You will be the second to speak.

4.如果數字較長,序數詞總避免使用,而且讀的方法也常常簡化:

第201房間: Room 201

第319面: page 319

第一拖拉機廠:the Number I Tractor Works

第六號車廂:Carriage No.6

南京路1490號:1490 Nanjing Road

電話號碼55――2347:telephone number : 55—2347

5. 在談編了號的東西時,我們可以用基數詞表示順序:

the first part------part one

the third squad------squad three

the twenty-third section----section twenty-three

擴展:特殊數字的表示法

(一)年 月 日表示法

1. 年代 年代前用 in.

( in ) 897 讀作 ( in ) eight hundred and ninety-seven

( in ) 1961 讀作 ( in ) nineteen sixty-one (或 in nineteen hundred and sixty-one)

( in ) 1905 讀作(in ) nineteen and five

( in ) 1800 讀作( in ) eighteen hundred

2. 月份 月份開頭第一個字母須大寫,表示“在某月”時, 月份前面用 in。下面月份後附有縮寫式。

( in ) January Jan. ( in ) March Mar1. ( in ) December Dec.

3. 日期 用序數詞(前需要加the)表示; “ 在某日”, 前面用介詞on.

( on ) the first ( on ) the eighteenth ( on ) the thirty-second

4. 某年 某月 某日

in Sep. 1954 on May 17, 1960 on Oct. 1, 1949(讀作on October the first, nineteen forty-nine)

注:當年月日完全用數字表示時, 美國人把月放在日前。 8,6,79在英國表示June the eighth (79年6月8日), 但是在美國卻表示August the sixth (79年8月6日)。

(二)時刻表示法

1.英語通常用at所引導的表示時刻。如:

( at ) six or six o’clock

( at ) eight or eight o’clock

2.如說幾點幾分,用下面的方法

a)表示幾點過幾分,用介詞, 但分數須在半小時以內包括半小時。如:

eleven past seven

a quarter past eight

half past nine

b)表示幾點差幾分,用介詞to, 但分數需要在半小時以上不包括半小時。 如:

two to seven

a quarter to eight

eighteen to nine

注:上午可以用am表示,下午用pm表示,例如:

9.50am 11.05pm

(三)分數詞表示法

1.分數詞是以基數詞和序數詞合成的,基數詞代表分子,序數詞代表分母,除了分子是“1”的情況外,序數詞都是用複數,(分子用基數詞,分母用序數詞,分子大於“1”,分母則加“s”)如:

1/4 one-fourth 2/3 two-thirds 7/9 seven-ninths 5/12 five-twelfths

2.另外還有下面一些表示法:

1/2 (one) a half 1/4 a (one ) quarter 3/4 three-quarters

(四)小數的表示法

7.8 ------seven point eight

0.4---------zero point four

0.125----- zero point one two five

603.09---six hundred and three point oh nine

小數作定語時較多:

Its total industrial output2 value was up 5.6 times in these years.

Our grain output is now 2.4 times that of 1970.

(五)百分數的表示法

百分數由per cent 表示,常常和by連用,作狀語也可單獨作狀語:

Its total output value increased by 11.5 per cent over the previous year.

The output of cars in the U. S. last year was 24 per cent less than in 1973.

有時用作定語 賓語等:

The loss3 of metal has been reduced to less than 20%.

The March figure for output value registered4 a 37% increase over February.

(六)倍數的表示法:

一倍用once,兩倍用 twice,兩倍以上用基數詞+times。如:5倍five times。

(七)一些數學公式的讀法:

3+8=11 Three plus eight is eleven.

9-7=2 Nine minus5 seven is two.

a>b a is more than b.

a

(八)約數的表示法

⑴ “多於”用more than 或over

This room can hold more than (=over) 500 people.這間屋子能容納500多人。

⑵ “少於”用less than

There are less than thirty balls in the basket.籃子裏不到三十個球。

⑶ “或……以上”用or more

The music hall can hold 7000 people or more.音樂廳能容納7000人或7000人以上。

⑷ “或……以下”用or less

The house can hold 50 people or less. 這座房子可容納50人或50人以下。

⑸ “大約”用about, around, nearly等

The box weights about 50 pounds.這個箱子重約50磅。

⑹ “左右”用or so

In the past ten years or so , they have changed a lot.在過去的十年左右的時間裏,他們改變了許多。