新人教版必修1Unit 1 Friendship知識點與同步練習

新高一英語是部編版的教材，暑期準備結束了，大家可以趁現在預習一下英語的內容，接下來小編爲大家整理了高一英語學習的內容，一起來看看吧!

　　新人教版必修1Unit 1 Friendship知識點

核心單詞

1. add

vt.& vi. 增加;加;加起來;補充說;又說

常用結構：

add to增添;增加;增進

add ...把……增添到……

add up合計，相加

add up to總數爲;總計爲

He added some wood to increase the fire.

他添了一些木柴，使火更旺些。

If you add 4 to 3 you get 7.四加三得七。

Unit 1 Friendship

I should like to add that we are pleasedwith the test result.

我還要補充一下,我們對測試結果很滿意。

I don’t want to add toyour troubles.

我不想給你添麻煩。

He wrote down the weight of each stone andthen added up all the weights.

他把每一塊石頭的重量記下來，然後把所有的重量加在一起。[來源:]

The figures add up to 137.

這些數目加起來總和是137。

高手過招

單項填空

①That’s all I have to say. Is there anything you’dlike to ,

John?

A. talk B. require C. add D. deliver

②That is the very coin I need to my collection.

(2010·陝西西安一中檢測)

A. add up B. add in C. add on D. add to

①解析：選C。考查動詞辨析。句意爲：我要說的就是這些，

約翰你還有什麼要補充的嗎?

②解析：選D。add to的意思是“添加到”。

2. upset

adj. 心煩意亂的;不安的;不適的

vt. ( upset, upset) 使不安;使心煩;打翻;打亂

聯想拓展

be upset by...被……打亂

upset oneself about sth.爲某事煩惱

Our arrangements for the weekend were upsetby her visit.

她一來把我們週末的安排給打亂了。

Don’t upset yourself —no harm has been done.

不要難過——並沒有造成任何傷害。

He was horribly upset over her illness.

他爲她的病而憂心忡忡。

The students really upset her. 學生們着實讓她煩惱。

高手過招

用upset的適當形式填空(原創)

①The food my stomach.

②She felt rather on hearing the news.

③Is it an message?

④Don’t be . It will be OK.

①upset ②upset ③upsetting ④upset

3. ignore

vt. 不理睬;忽視

I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely.

我向她打招呼，可是她根本不理我。

He ignored the speed limit and drove veryfast.

他不顧時速限制，把車開得飛快。

聯想拓展

ignorant adj. (對某事物)不瞭解的;無知的;無學識的

be ignorant of/about sth.不知道;沒有意識到

ignorance n.無知;愚昧;不知道

be in ignorance of/about sth. 不知道某事

易混辨析

ignore/neglect/overlook[來源:學#科#網Z#X#X#K]

ignore 通常指有意不顧，或不理會顯而易見的事物。

neglect 側重指有意的忽略或忽視，也可指粗心與疏忽。

overlook指因匆忙而疏忽或視而不見。

高手過招

(1)用ignore/neglect/overlook的適當形式填空(原創)

①We could not afford to such a serious offence.

②He utterly my warnings and met with an accident.

③Don’t to pay him a visit now and then.

(1)①overlook ②ignored ③neglect

(2)單項填空

—So you didn’t say hello to him lastnight?

—Well, I stopped and smiled when I sawhim, but he me and walked on. (2010·杭州一模)

A. Ignored B. refused C. denied D. missed

(2)解析：選A。答句句意爲：我看到他就停下來衝他微笑，但是

他沒理我就走了。ignore不理睬，忽視;refuse拒絕;deny否認，

拒絕給予;miss懷念，錯過。

4. concern

n. [U]關心，擔心，擔憂;[C]有利害關係的事

vt. 涉及，關係到，參與;使擔心

聯想拓展

concerning prep. 關於[來源:]

concerned adj.有關的;擔心的

concern sb.與某人有關

be concerned with sth.牽涉，與……有關;參與

concern oneself with 關心

be concerned about/for/over sth.擔心;關心某事

as/so far as ... be concerned關於;至於;就……而言

As far as I am concerned, you can gowherever you want.

就我而言，你什麼時候走都行。

We read stories concerning visitors fromouter space.

我們讀了關於天外來客的故事。

I was very concerned about my mother’sillness.

我很擔心母親的病情。

高手過招

(1)單項填空

The meeting was concerned reforms and everyone present was concerned their own interests.

(2010·福建廈門雙十中學檢測)

A. with; for ; which C. for; about D. about; with

(2)用concern的適當形式填空(原創)

①There is an article that the rise of the prices.

②The children are rather about their mother’shealth.

③Officials should themselves public affairs.

(1)解析：選A。句意爲：這次會議牽涉到改革，在場的每個人都很擔心自己的利益。be concerned with 牽涉到,和……有關;be concerned for/about 擔心;關心。

(2)①concerns ②concerned ③concern;with

5. settle

vi. 安家;定居;停留

vt. 使定居;安排;解決

Both wanted to settle their scores.雙方都願意盡棄前嫌。

常用結構：

settle down 鎮定下來

settle in 在……定居

He settled his child in a corner of thecompartment.

他把孩子安頓在車廂的一個角落裏。

The family has settled in Canada.

這家人已定居加拿大。

高手過招

單項填空

①—Doyou know anyone in Paris?

—No.I’llmake friends once .(2010·福建廈門六中檢測)

A. I’m settled B. I have settled

C. I’ll besettled D. I’msettling

②The brake of your bicycle has come loose. You’dbetter it .(2010·陝西西安交大附中)

A. settle B. fix

C. pick D. correct

①解析：選A。settle作“安家”講時，既可用settle，也可用be settled。本題是由once(一旦)引起的時間狀語從句，故用一般現在時表將來。

②解析：選B。由句意可知，因爲自行車的車閘壞了，因此要“修理”。

6. suffer

vt. 遭受;忍受;蒙受

vi.後接from/for意爲“受……之苦”，“患……疾病”

常用結構：

suffer an attack/a defeat/losses/pains

遭受打擊/失敗/損失/痛苦

He suffered hard pains from the accident.

他忍受着事故帶來的痛苦。

Do you suffer from headaches? 你經常頭痛嗎?

She’s suffering from loss of memory. 她患有遺忘症。

聯想拓展

sufferer n. 受苦者，受難者

suffering n.痛苦，苦難

高手過招

(1)單項填空

In the countryside there are many dropouts(輟學者). I think the difficulty the poor economic conditions.(2010·浙江嘉興一輪檢測)

A. lies in B. result in

C. leads to D. suffers from

(2)翻譯句子

我們在金融危機中損失慘重。

(1)解析：選A。考查短語辨析。lie in在這裏相當於because of。

(2)We suffered huge losses in thefinancial crisis.

重點短語

7. go through

經歷;經受;檢查;瀏覽;用完;做完

The country has gone through too many wars.

這個國家經歷了太多的戰爭。

She’s gone through abad patch recently.

她最近經歷了一段困難時期。

Have you gone through all your moneyalready?

你把所有的錢都花完了嗎?

I went through the students’papers last night.

昨晚我仔細閱讀了學生的試卷。

聯想拓展

go after追求;追趕

go ahead 前進;請說(做)吧

go by走過;(時間)過去

go along with向前;(與......)一起去

go in for愛好;從事

go out 外出;(燈，火)熄滅

go over 越過;複習

go through with 做完;完成

go up 爬上;(價格等)上升

高手過招

單項填空

①We’d better try to with the experiment, I think. Now let’s with it.(2010·河南許昌一模)[來源:學_科_網]

A. go through; go on B. go on; go over

C. go over; go through D. go on; go through

②If a person has taken too much medicine by mistake, you should make the person .(2010·平頂山一中月考)

A. go up B. rise up

C. throw up D. set up

①解析：選A。go through with sth.意思是“做完，完成”;go on with意思是“繼續”。

②解析：選C。throw up的意思是“嘔吐;吐出”。

8. get

讓別人做某事/使得某事被做

done是過去分詞作賓語補足語，與havesth. done句型的用法一樣。

get sb./sth. doing使某人/某事物……起來

get sb. to do sth.使/讓某人做某事

get done (狀態的改變)get作系動詞，相當於be

get away逃脫;離開

get back回來;取回

get by維持生活;通過

get down to sth./doing sth.開始認真做某事

get in進站;到達;收集

get off下來;下車

get on上車;進展;進步

get cross(對……)生氣，發脾氣

get in one’s way擋路，妨礙

get used to doing sth.習慣做某事

get involved in涉及

get in touch with和……取得聯繫

get it瞭解，懂得，明白

高手過招

(1)單項填空

The final examination is coming up soon. It’stime for us to our studies. (2010·河南焦作一中月考)

A. get down to B. get out

C. get back for D. get over

(2)完成句子(原創)

①講解後，老師讓我們思考起問題來。

Shortly after the explanation the teachergot us .

②我們將很快爲你訂製一套新衣服。

We will get a new suit for you.

③她試圖使他說話。

She tried to get him .

(1)解析：選A。該題根據交際情景考查短語動詞的用法。根據題意，此處指開始認真學習，故選A。get down to開始認真考慮，符合題意。get out出去，離開，逃脫，泄露;get back for回來，恢復;get over爬過;克服，熬過;恢復，原諒。故B、C、D三項均不符合題意。

(2)①thinking ②made ③to talk

9. set down

放下;記下;登記

Passengers may be set down and picked uponly at the official stops.乘客只有在正式車站方可上下車。

聯想拓展

set about (doing sth.) 着手(做某事)

set out (to do sth.)開始，着手(做某事)

set aside留出;不顧

set back(把鍾等)往回撥;推遲

set free釋放;解放

set off動身，出發(去某地);使

set out動身，出發;安排，組織

set up開辦;建立;設立

set an example to樹立榜樣

set fire to ...= set ... on fire縱火燒

be set in以……爲背景

The bad weather set back the buildingprogramme by several weeks.

由於天氣惡劣，建築計劃延誤了好幾個星期。

We need to set about finding a solution.

我們得着手尋找一個解決辦法。

溫馨提示

set about 和setout都可作“開始/着手做某事”講，但setabout 後加doing sth.，而set out後加 to do sth.。

高手過招

單項填空

As soon as he got to the office, he the students’papers.

(2010·山東濟南一中月考)

A. got down to correct B. got down to correcting

C. set down to correcting D. sit down to correcting

解析：選B。get down to意思是“着手做某事”，其中to是介詞，

後跟名詞或動名詞。

10. on purpose

故意

The boy broke Jack’swindow on purpose. He wanted to frighten Jack.

那男孩是故意打破傑克的窗玻璃的，他想嚇一下傑克。

聯想拓展

purpose n. 目的，用途;目標;重要意義

for the purpose of 爲了……

to little/no purpose 作用不大/徒勞

The purpose of the book is to provide a completeguide to the university.

這本書的目的是全面介紹這所大學。

高手過招

用purpose的適當形式或短語填空(原創)

①He didn’t do it .

②What was your ?

①on purpose ②purpose

11. join in

參加;加入

They didn’thave enough time to join in the activity.

他們沒有足夠的時間來參加這個活動。

聯想拓展

join sb. in sth.與某人一起做某事

join up入伍;參軍

join up with sb.與某人聯合;會合

join hands with sb.與某人拉起手來;合夥;聯合

Will you join me in a walk? 你願意和我一起散步嗎?

Let us join hands in friendship.[來源:學科網]

讓我們攜手共建友誼吧。

易混辨析

join in/join/take part in/attend

join in 參加正在進行着的活動。如遊戲、討論、辯論、談話等。

join ①參加某組織或團體，併成爲其中一員;②來和某人待在一起。

take part in 參加會議或有組織的羣衆性活動，並在其中發揮一定的作用。

attend 正式用語，指參加會議、儀式、婚禮、葬禮、上課、上學、聽報告等，句子的主語是去聽去看，自己不一定起積極作用，相當於be present。

高手過招

用join/join in/take part in/attend的適當形式填空(原創)

①I decided to the club to have dance training.

②Would you like me to the game?

③I a meeting last month.

④I will have to his funeral next week.

①join ②join in ③took part in/attended ④attend

重點句型

12. your friend can’tgo until he/she finishes cleaning his/her bicycle.

……但是你的朋友不把自行車弄乾淨不能走。

not ... until 意爲“直到……才”，表示主句謂語的動作直到until狀語的時間才發生，主句的謂語動詞表示的是動作的開始。until引導從句時，如果主句中的謂語動詞是延續性動作，則主句用肯定式;如果主句中的謂語動詞是短暫性動詞，則用否定形式。

“Itis/was not until+被強調的部分+that ...”相當於“Notuntil ... did (does, do, is ...)+主語 ...”意爲“直到……才”，是強調形式。[來源:學*科*網Z*X*X*K]

You must stay in bed until your temperature is normal.

體溫正常後，你才能起牀。

He didn’tleave until the meeting was over.

直到會議結束他才離開。

It was not until she took off her darkglasses that I realized she was a film star.

=Not until she took off her dark glassesdid I realize she was a film star.

=I didn’trealize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.

直到她摘下墨鏡我才認出她是一位電影明星。

高手過招

單項填空

①Not until , settle the problem. (2010·濰坊一輪驗收)

A. he returns; can we B. he returns; we can

C. does he returns; we can D. does he return; we can

②It was back home after the experiment.

A. not until midnight did he go

B. until midnight that he didn’tgo

C. not until midnight that he went

D. until midnight when he didn’tgo

①解析：選A。當not until位於句首時句子需倒裝。句意爲：直到他回來我們才能解決這個問題。

②解析：選C。強調句型It is/was 對not until ...進行強調時，需把not until ...放到強調結構中，故選C。

13. While walking the dog, you werecareless and it got loose and was hit by a car.

遛狗的時候，你太大意了，一鬆手，狗就被車撞了。

while walking the dog是連詞while加現在分詞短語結構，強調分詞的動作正在發生，相當於while you were walking the dog。

在時間、條件、讓步、方式等狀語從句中，如果從句的主語與主句的主語一致，謂語含有系動詞be，可以省略從句的主語和系動詞be。

Whencrossing the street, you should be careful.

過馬路時，你應當小心。

If heated, water can be turned into vapour.

如果受熱，水會變成蒸氣。

溫馨提示

在狀語從句中，如果從句的主語爲it時，也可以將it和助動詞be省略。[來源:學科網]

Whenever possible they would stop him andask the three questions.可能的話，他們就讓他停下問他這三個問題。

高手過招

單項填空

① with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem bigat all. (2010·山東萊州檢測)

A. Compares B. When comparing

C. Comparing D. When compared

② the two systems, little man foundthe latter advantageous.(原創)

A. Compare B. When compared

C. Compared D. When comparing

①解析：選D。考查狀語從句的省略用法。在狀語從句中，如果從句的主語與主句的主語相同或者主語爲it時，可以將從句中的主語或者it和助動詞be省略。本句是將狀語從句“When itis compared with the size of thewhole earth”中的it is省略，因此正確答案爲D。

②解析：選D。考點省略。在狀語從句中，當從句中的主語與主句的主語一致，且從句中含有be動詞時，通常採用省略形式。句中的littleman與compare之間存在邏輯上的主謂關係，故選D。

14. I wonder if it’sbecause I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’vegrown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道這是不是因爲我長久無法出門的緣故，我變得對一切與大自然有關的事物都無比狂熱。

此句中的it’是強調句型。關於強調句型，我們需要掌握以下幾點：

(1)強調句型的基本結構：

“Itis/was+被強調的成分+that/who+其他成分”用來強調主語、賓語和狀語等成分。that只起連接作用，不作成分，但不能省略。當被強調部分爲sb.作賓語時，可用who,也可用that,其他情況一律用that。強調主語時，that後的謂語動詞必須與被強調的主語在人稱與數上保持一致。

(2)特殊句式中的強調句型：

①如果強調的是特殊疑問句中的疑問詞，表示“到底”、“究竟”等語氣時，就用如下結構：

“特殊疑問詞+is/was+it+that/who+該句的其餘部分”，that/who後只能使用陳述語序。

②在“not l”結構中，由until所引導的短語(或從句)作時間狀語時，要用固定的強調句型：“It+is/was+notuntil ...+that+該句的其餘部分”，that所引導的從句中的謂語動詞用肯定式。

(3)強調句型要注意和it代表時間、距離、溫度、自然現象、具體事物或人物等時所構成的各種句型的區別。判斷是否是強調句，可採用“還原法”。如果還原爲一般句式後，句子各種成分完整，則是強調句，否則不是。

It was three o’clockwhen I got home.

我到家的時候三點。

It was at three o’clockthat I got home.

三點鐘我到的家。

It was in his town that he was brought up.

他是在鎮上被養大的。(強調句)

It was this town where/in which he wasbrought up.

這是他被撫養長大的城鎮。(定語從句)

(4)英語中常用助動詞do, does或did強調謂語。

He did go to the airport yesterday, but hedidn’t find you.

他昨天確實去了機場，但他沒有找到你。

It is I that/who am going for a holidaywith Mary.

是我跟瑪麗一塊兒去度假。

When is it that we will have a meeting?

我們什麼時候開會?

高手過招

單項填空

It is in that poor village, Mary lived and worked 15 years ago, she will build her first school, whichinspires everyone to help her.(原創)

A. where; when B. that; that

C. that; when D. where; that[來源:Z&xx&]

解析：選D。句意爲：就是在那個她生活和工作了15年的貧窮的村莊，瑪麗將要建起她的第一座學校，這一點鼓舞了人們來幫她。第一空爲where引導的非限制性定語從句，第二空填that,構成強調句型，強調地點狀語。

15. I don't want to set down a series offacts in a diary as most people do ...[來源:學科網]

我不願像大多數人那樣在日記中記流水賬……

as引導的從句爲比較狀語從句，意爲“像大多數人那麼做”。

as 用作連詞，可引導下列狀語從句：

①引導時間狀語從句，強調主句謂語與從句謂語的同時性;

②引導讓步狀語從句，表示“儘管，雖然，即使”(從句需倒裝);

③引導方式狀語從句，表示“以……方式”;

④引導原因狀語從句 (=since; because)，意爲“由於，因爲”;

⑤引導比較狀語從句。

As he grew older he lost interest ineverything except gardening.

隨着他年紀越來越大，他失去了對所有事物的興趣，除了園藝。

Cold as it is, my brother wears only ashirt.

儘管天氣冷，我哥哥只穿了一件襯衫。

Why didn't you take the medicine as I toldyou to?

爲什麼你沒有按我說的來服這種藥?

As you were not there, I left a message.

因爲當時你不在那，所以我給你留了便條。

She is as tall as you. 她和你一樣高。

高手過招

單項填空

① as he is, he speaks English well. (2010·山西太原一中月考)

A. Little child B. A little child

C. The little child D. Child little

②In some countries, are called “publicschools” are not owned by the public.(2010·11·江西新餘一中質量檢測)

A. which B. as C. what D. that

①解析：選B。在讓步狀語從句中，作表語的名詞如果提前，該名詞常省去冠詞，但若名詞前有修飾語時，就不省略冠詞。

②解析：選C。考查what引導的主語從句。what在主語從句中作主語。句意爲：在許多國家，所謂的公立學校並非公衆擁有。

16. was the first time in a year anda half that I'd seen the night face to face ...[來源:學。科。網]

……這是我一年半以來第一次目睹夜晚……

如果前面是“it(will be)is/this (will be)is/that (will be)is+the first/second time that ...”句式，表示“某人第幾次做某事”。其中,that引導的是定語從句，後面句子的時態用現在完成時;如果前面是it (would be)was ..., 後面則用過去完成時。

It is the first time that I have come toZhuhai.

這是我第一次來珠海。

It was the second time that she had visitedLondon.

那是她第二次遊覽倫敦。

溫馨提示

如果time前有last修飾，此時我們一般不用完成時態。

注意：the first time可起從屬連詞的作用，引導時間狀語從句;for the first time意爲“第一次”單獨用作狀語。

This is the last time that I shall give youa lesson.

這是我最後一次給你們上課了。

高手過招

(1)單項填空

①It's the third time late this week. (原創)

A. that you are B. you are

C. when you arrived D. that you have been

②It was for the first time that he to the party.

A. Invited B. had been invited

C. has been invited D. was invited

(2)翻譯句子(原創)

This will be the second time that I havebeen to the Great Wall.

(1)①解析：選D。“It is the +序數詞+time+ that從句”爲固定句型，從句謂語動詞必須用現在完成時。

②解析：選D。it was 是強調結構，句中強調狀語“for the first time”故選D。

(2)這將會是我第二次去長城。

　　高一(上)英語必修一Unit1Friendship基礎詞彙鞏固

一.詞性轉換

1. ignore vt. ________ n. 2. German adj. __________n.

3. power n. _________ adj. 4. dusty adj. __________ n.

5. recover v. __________n. 6. exactly adv. ___________adj.

7. dislike n.&vt. _________(反義詞);unlike_________; likely ___________.

8. disagree vi. ____________ n .___________(反義詞);

9. entire adj. ___________ adv. 10. settle v. __________n. ___________n.[來源:學科網]

二.單詞填空

1. The business is owned by two _________(合夥人)[來源:學科網]

2. Before the __________(幕布) went up, the dancers took their places on stage.

3. When his wife died, he was very ____________(孤單)[來源:學科網ZXXK]

had broad shoulders and____________(強有力的)arms.

used to smoke a _________(小包) of cigarettes a day.

6. He wants a job that will let him worko_________.

7. The restaurant has a long menu of about50 i___________.

8. The phone rang, but she i______________it.

9. It took a long time for him to r____________ from a bad cold.

10. It was e____________ my own fault.

11. The boy's poor health c_____________his parents.

12. She helped the child l__________ thelaces of his shoes(鞋帶).

's e______________ what I expected.

14. Put on your o________. It is quite coldoutside.

15. I am g___________ to have you help merepair the house.

三.選擇詞組填空

1. I__________________watchingtelevision; let's go for a walk.

2. We started early ______________arrive before dark.

3. The country has _______________too many wars.

4. Theyare going to ____________ the singing.

5. She_______________ your safety, you should come back earlier next time.

6. Sheoften ______________ headaches.

7. Although I am a new comer, I __________________my classmates very well.[來源:Z§xx§]

8. Ididn't do it ________________. It was an accident.

9. ___________3, 4 and 5 and you'll get 12.

10. I have ________________everything that theteacher said.

四.單項選擇

1.I have to __________all the books before the exams.

through B. go over C. go up D. go out

2. His illness _________ the family’strouble.

A. add up B. add up to C. add to D. are added to

3. As far as I am_________, I agree withwhat you said.

A. concerning B. concerned C. faced D. known

4. catch the first bus, he got upvery early this morning.

A. In order to B. In order that C. So as to D. So that

5. Wehave been getting _______ our students since we came to thisschool.

A. along well B. along well with C. well along with D. well with

6. Don’t______in the exam.

A. calm B. cheat C. list D. ignore

7._________ people’s discussion and you will know a lot.

A. Join in C. Takepart D. Add up[來源:]

8. Holiday is coming. Students are busy _______ their things in the suitcase.

A. pack up B. packing up C. packing off D. pack into

9.________ down what the expert will say at the meeting, will you? Which of thefollowing is not right?

A. Put C. Write

10. I t is not a serious illness. I guess she will ______ soon.

A. remove B. recover C. replace D. reduce

五.句子翻譯[來源:學|科|網Z|X|X|K]

1. 請冷靜，他不是故意這樣做的。(calm down; on purpose)[來源:學§科§網Z§X§X§K]

2. 有些人認爲上大學是沒有意義的。(There is no point (in) doing sth. )

3. 丟了錢，他感到難過。(upset)

4. 儘管他不喜歡學習英語，他還是加入了英語俱樂部。(dislike;join)

5. 爲了不遲到，他起牀很早。(in order to)

6. 父母非常關心我們的健康。(be concerned about)

　　必修一Unit1 Friendship基礎詞彙鞏固

一。 1、 ignorance 2、Germany 3、powerful 4、dust 5.、recovery 6、exact

7、like、不像、可能的 8、disagreement 、agree 9、entirely10、settlement、settler

二、 1。partners 2、curtain 3、lonely 4、powerful 5、pack 6、outdoors 7、items 8、ignored[來源:學§科§網]

9、recover 10、entirely11、concerns 12、loose 13、exactly 14、overcoat15、grateful

三、1、 am/gettired of 2、 in orderto 3、 gonethrough 4、joinin 5、isconcerned about

6、 suffersfrom 7、get alongwith 8、 onpurpose 9、Addup 10、 set down

四 1-5 BBBAB 6-10BBBDB

五 1 . Pleas calm down. He didn’t do it onpurpose.

2. It is believed that there is no point inattending college.

3. He felt upset because of losing the money.

4. Although he dislikes learning English, hejoined the English Club.[來源:學科網ZXXK]

5. In order not to be late, he got up early.

6. Our parents are concerned about outhealth.

　　英語必修一Unit1 Friendship 同步練習

Ⅰ.完形填空

Alfred Nobel became a millionaire and changed theways of mining，construction，andwarfare as the inventor of dynamite (炸藥)ril 12,1888，Alfred’s brother Ludwig died of heart attack.A major Frenchnewspaper 1 his brother for him and carried anarticle 2 the death of Alfred Nobel.“The merchant of death is dead，” the article read.“edNobel，whobecame 3 by finding ways to kill more peoplefaster than ever before，died yesterday.”Nobel was 4 to find out not that he had died, butthat，whenhis time was up，he would bethought of only as one who profited from 5 anddestruction.

To make sure that he was 6 withlove and respect，Nobel arranged in his 7 togive the largest part of his money to 8 the Nobel prizes，whichwould be awarded to people who made great 9 tothe causes of peace，literature，and 10 ，Nobelhad to die before he realized what his life was really about.

nderstood

ook ed

解析：選C。句中提到是Alfred的兄弟的死讓人們誤以爲是Alfred死了。...誤以爲……是……。

oducing uncing

ying rtising

解析：選B。報紙上“宣佈”死訊用announce，即“公開宣佈”的意思。

us

lar

解析：選C。由首句“became a millionaire”以及報紙上稱他爲“the merchant ofdeath”可知，Alfred是因爲發明炸藥(即找到了比以前更快的致人死亡的殺人方式)而致富的，因此rich符合題意。

t ous

ted sed

解析：選A。Alfred看到自己死亡的報道，並且報道說Alfred是通過“kill more people faster”而致富的，這當然令他感到“upset(沮喪)”。這裏應該用一個描寫負面情緒的形容詞，所以excited與pleased應首先排除。

h ase

ble ck

解析：選A。他因發明炸藥而從“死亡”與毀滅中獲益。此處death與destruction對應，上下文中也反覆提到kill，death等信息詞。

id ribed

orted mbered

解析：選D。Alfred要確保自己被別人充滿愛和尊敬地“記住”，所以用be remembered。

cle

ract

解析：選C。由“ give the largest part of his moneyto...”可知，諾貝爾在“遺囑”中對他大部分的錢財作出了安排。

blish

lop ote

解析：選A。根據詞組搭配與常識，應爲establish the Noble prizes(設立諾貝爾獎)。

tions ifices

ges ributions

解析：選D。make contributions to意爲“對……作出貢獻”;make sacrifices作出犧牲。

rally cally

lly ainly

解析：選B。該題難度較大，只有充分理解了句意才能得出答案。句意：所以“從根本上來說”，諾貝爾只有死了才意識到他生活的真正意義是什麼(正是因爲人們誤以爲他死了而表達了對他否定的看法，從而讓他意識到他應該做點什麼才能讓人們帶着愛和尊敬記住他)。

Ⅱ.語法填空

You may have noticed that you feel hungry a lot evenif you eat three meals a is need to pay attention to 11 you fing your face with a largepackage of potato chips after class may give you a quick boost， 12 a snack that is high in fat and calories willonly slow you down in the long run. 13 (choose) healthy snacks means careful of the health claims on food following are somethings to watch out because something says “allnatural” or “pure”， 14 doesn’talways mean that it’s good example，“all natural”juice drinks or sodas can be 15 (fill) with sugar 16 the fat has been cut back，the amount ofsugar in the food may have been increased to keep the food 17 (taste) 18 (health) snacks with plenty of freshfruit at home，so you 19 take them with you when yougo out. 20 you want something salty，eatwhole grain biscuits instead of potato chips.

11.解析：what引導一個名詞性從句，作pay attention to的賓語。

答案：what

12.解析：前後兩個分句之間有轉折意思，故填but。

答案：but

13.解析：考查動名詞短語作主語。

答案：Choosing

14.解析：it在這兒指代前面提到過的“all natural” or “pure”。

答案：it

15.解析：考查固定搭配：be filled with。

答案：filled

16.解析：因先行詞是物，故填which引導一個定語從句。

答案：which

17.解析：keep the food tasting good意思是“讓食物有好味道”。

答案：tasting

18.解析：snacks是名詞，名詞前面應用形容詞修飾，故填healthy。

答案：healthy

19.解析：當你出門的時候可以帶着它們。

答案：can[來源:學|科|網Z|X|X|K]

20.解析：考查if引導的條件狀語從句。如果你想吃鹹的東西，請吃穀物餅乾，而不要吃薯片。

答案：If

Ⅲ.閱讀理解

A

Many Chinese use instant messenger tools such as MSNor QQ，listento music on MP3 players and log on the Internet using ADSL—without knowing theliteral Chinese translation of the abbreviations(縮寫).

But they don’thave to，asmany English letters have become part of the local lexicon(詞典).

A dozen abbreviations including GDP，NBA，IT，MP3，QQ，DVDand CEO are among the 5,000 mostfrequently used words in the Chineselanguagemedia last year，accordingto a report on the 2006 Language Situation in China，whichwas released in Beijing.

The report said some parents are so keen on Englishletters that recently a couple tried to name their baby “@”，claimingthe character used in email addresses reflected their love for thechild.

While the “@” is obviously familiar to Chinese email users，theyoften use the English word “at” to pronounce it，which soundssomething like “ai ta”，or “lovehim”，to Mandarin(普通話)speakers.

The study collected more than one billion languagesamples from newspapers，magazines，TV，radioand annual report is compiled (編輯) by theMinistry of Education and the State Language Commission.[來源:]

“Nowadays，moreand more English abbreviations are being used in Chinese，makingthem an important part of the contemporary language，”said Hou Min，a professor atCommunication University of China.

“The abbreviations have gainedpopularity because of the convenience of usage，”Housaid.

For example，DNA is muchsimpler to use than its Chinese version tuoyang hetang hesuan.

“As more Chinesepeople learn foreign languages，especially English，in recent years，usingabbreviations has become a trend among educated people，”she said.

Some language scholars fear such usage will contaminate the purity of Chinese and cause confusion incommunication.

do so many Chinese like to use English abbreviations?

use they don’thave to know the literal Chinese translation.

use that’s abetter way to learn English.

use these abbreviations are part of their locallexicon.

use it’sconvenient for them to use the abbreviations.

解析：選D。細節理解題。從文章第八段和第九段可以看出選D項。

22.A couple want to name their child “@”because of its __________.[來源:學*科*網Z*X*X*K]

larity unciation

ing e

解析：選B。推理判斷題。由文章第四段和第五段的內容我們不難發現這對夫婦用@的發音來表達對孩子的愛意。

underlined word “contaminate” in the last paragraph probably means ________.

impure thaway

clear up

解析：選A。詞義猜測題。從文章最後一段的內容可以看出人們擔心這樣使用語言會“污染、弄髒”中文的純淨性。所以這裏選A項。

usage of English abbreviations will be ________in China.

ted by the Ministry of Education

uraged by most language scholars

popular among educated people

cially forbidden by the government

解析：選C。細節理解題。從文章倒數第二段的內容可以看出選C項。

passage aims to tell us ________.

ish abbreviations become popular in China

ish abbreviations will take the place ofMandarin

arguments about English abbreviations[來源:學#科#網Z#X#X#K]

we can use abbreviations properly

解析：選A。主旨大意題。從全文可知，本篇文章主要告訴我們現在有越來越多的英文縮寫在中國得到了廣泛的使用。由此可以推斷選A項。

B

If you are a male and you are reading this，congratulations:you are a rding to statistics，you are morethan twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman，andnine times more likely to die of ming you make it to the end of your natural term，about78 years for men in Australia，you will die on average five years before a woman.

There are many reasons for this-typically，mentake more risks than women and are more likely to drink and smoke but perhapsmore importantly，men don’toften go to the doctor.

Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50yearold man whohad delayed doing anything about his smoker’scough for a year.

“When I finallysaw him，ithad already spread and he has since died from lung cancer，”he says.“Earlierdetection and treatment may not have cured him，but it wouldhave prolonged his life.”

“A lot of menthink they are invincible (不可戰勝的)，”Gullottasays. “They only comein when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think，‘Geez，if it could happen to him，__________.’”

Then there is the ostrich approach，“some men are scared of what might be there and wouldrather not know，”says Cartmill.

“Most men gettheir cars serviced more regularly than they service their bodies，” Cartmill believes most diseases thatcommonly affect men could be addressed by preventive checkups.

Regular checkups for men would unavoidably placestrain on the public purse，Cartmill says.“Butprevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the des，thefinal cost is far greater: it is called premature death.”

average life of Australian women is ________.

t 75 years t73 years

t 78 years t83 years

解析：選D。推理判斷題。根據第一段最後一句話可知女性的平均壽命比男性的平均壽命長五年，而男性的平均壽命大約是78歲，因此女性的平均壽命就大約是83歲。

does the author state is the most importantreason that men die earlier on average than women?

drink and smoke much more than women.

don’tseek medical care as often as women.[來源:學_科_網]

aren’t ascautious as women in face of danger.

are more likely to suffer from fatal diseases.

解析：選B。推理判斷題。根據第二段的內容可知最主要的原因是男性不太喜歡看醫生。由此可知，B項符合題意。

h of the following best completes the sentence“Geez，if it could happen to him，________”?

could happen to me，too.

B.I should avoid playing golf.

C.I should consider myself lucky.

would be a big misfortune.

解析：選A。邏輯推理題。結合上下文內容可知這時他們便會想：既然這種事情能夠發生在他身上，那就也有可能發生在我身上。可見A項最合理。

does the underlined phrase “ ostrich approach”mean?

A.A casual attitude towards one’s health conditions.

B.A new illness for certain psychological problems.

sal to get medical treatment for fear of thepain involved.

llingness to find out about one’s disease because of fear.

解析：選D。詞義猜測題。根據後面的描述可推知，文中劃線詞組的意思是因爲害怕有問題所以不願意知道。

does Cartmill say about regular checkups formen?

may increase public expenses.

will save money in the long run.

may cause psychological strains on men.

will enable men to live as long as women.

解析：選B。推理判斷題。根據最後一段的內容可知，雖然通常的體檢會花錢，可是從長遠看，這比生病時花錢治病要省錢，由此可知，B項正確。