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8年級上冊英語語法和短語二

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八年級也是是北美中學教育的一個年段,臺灣原稱“國二”,現也更改爲“八年級”,香港稱作“中二”。下面是本站小編給大家整理的8年級上冊英語語法和短語二,供大家參閱!

8年級上冊英語語法和短語二

  8年級上冊英語語法和短語二:Unit6

Unit6 Im going to study computer science.

本單元的話題:談論自己將來的計劃或打算。

本單元的語法:學習一般將來時be going to do sth。

be going to + 動詞原形——表示將來的打算、計劃或安排。常與表示將來的tomorrow, next year等時間狀語或when 引導的時間狀語從句連用。

I am going to visit my grandparents this Sunday.這個星期天我打算去看望我的爺爺奶奶。 Are you going to play basketball with me tomorrow?你打算明天和我一起打籃球嗎? What are you going to do when you grow up?你長大了打算幹什麼?

肯定句:主語 + be going to + 動詞原形 + 其他。

He is going to take the bus there.他打算乘坐公交車去那裏。

否定句:主語 + be not going to + 動詞原形 + 其他

I’m not going to see my friends this weekend.這個週末我不打算渴望我的朋友。 一般疑問句:Be + 主語 + going to + 動詞原形 + 其他

肯定回答: Yes, 主語 + be. 否定回答: No, 主語 + be not.

Are you going to see your friends this weekend? Yes ,I am. / No, I’m not.

特殊疑問句:疑問詞 + be + 主語 + going to + 動詞原形 + 其他?

What is he going to do this weekend? 這個週末他打算幹什麼?

本單元的短語和知識點:

1.(P41,1a)詞性轉換:science (名詞,科學)—scientist(名詞,科學家)

violin(名詞,小提琴)--violinst(名詞,小提琴家)piano(名詞,鋼琴)-- pianist(名詞,鋼琴家)

2.(P41,1c)grow up成長,長大

3.(P42,2d,3行)be good at+名詞代詞動詞+ing:擅長„ (math爲名詞,speak爲動詞) He is good at math,but he isn’t good at speaking English.他擅長數學,但是不擅長說英語。

4.(P42,2d,8行)keep on doing sth: 繼續做某事

He still keeps on learning English.他仍然繼續學習英語。

5.(P42,2d,10行)be sure about:確信,對„有把握

His mother isn’t sure about his study.他的媽媽對他的學習沒有把握。

6. (P43,語法表格3行) move to +地點:搬(家)到某地

He moved to Beijing last year.去年他搬家到北京。

7. (P43,3a,c行h行)take singingacting lessons上歌唱課上表演課=have singingacting lessons

8. (P43,3c,4行) send sb sth = send sth to sb寄送給某人某物

His grandfather often sends him money.他的爺爺經常給他寄錢。

= His grandfather often sends money to him.

9. (P44,1a) learn to do sth學會做某事

He learned to cook when he was five years old.他五歲學會做飯。

10. (P44,1a) play the piano彈鋼琴 make the soccer team組建足球隊 get good grades取得好的成績eat healthier food吃更健康的食品 get lots of exercise進行大量鍛鍊

11.(P44,1b) foreign language外國語言

12. (P44,1e) study hard努力學習We must study English hard.我們必須努力學習英語。

13. (P45,2b,1段3行)most of the time大多數時間

14. .(P45,2b,右上角) the meaning of: „的意思/含義

He didn't know the meaning of the word.他不知道這個單詞的意思。

Can you tell me the meaning of the word “TV”?你能告訴我TV這個單詞的意思嗎?

15.(P45,2b,1段)make promises許諾,

get back from+地點:從„回來He will get back from Beijing in 3 days.三天後他將從北京回來。 at the beginning of 在„開始的時候, write down寫下/記下,

16. (P45,2b,1段倒數3行)help sb (to) do sth幫助某人做某事

help sb with sth在某方面幫助某人 (兩個句型常常可以互換)

He often helps me (to) study English.他經常幫助我學習英語。

= He often helps me with my English.他經常在英語上幫助我。

17. (P45,2b,2段1行)different kinds of不同種類的have to do with關於,與„有關係,take up開始從事

18. (P45,2b,3段1行)although(雖然,即使)在句子中不能與but連用,但是可以與yet ,still 連用。 Although he is old ,he is quite strong .他雖然年齡大了,但身體很健壯。Although it is dark ,they are still working .雖然天黑了,但他們仍在工作。

19. (P45,2b,3段2行)hardly ever 幾乎不

20. (P45,2b,3段2行) too+形容詞+to do sth:太„以至於不能„

so+形容詞+that+句子:如此„以至於„

形容詞+enough to do sth:足夠„能夠做某事(注意三個句型有時可以互相轉換)

He is so young that he can′t go to school.他如此年輕以至於不能去上學。

= He is too young to go to school.他太年輕了以至於不能去上學。

= He isn′t old enough to go to school.

21. (P45,2b,3段5行) for this reason爲此

22.(P47,3a,2段4行)make sb+形容詞:讓某人怎麼樣

The good news made us happy.這個好消息讓我們非常高興。(注意:news爲不可數名詞)

23.(P47,33,3段)how to do better at school爲“疑問詞+不定式”即“疑問詞+to do sth” He didn’t know when to start.他不知道什麼時候開始。

24.(P48,self check,2)go to university去上大學

  8年級上冊英語語法和短語二:Unit 7

Unit 7 Will people have robots?

本單元的話題:談論對未來的語言,學習一般將來時will do sth。

本單元的語法:學習一般將來時will do sth。

一般將來時由“助動詞will / shall + 動詞原型”構成,表示將來某個時間要發生的動作或存在的狀態,常與表示將來的時間狀語如tomorrow、next week,in 2 days(2天之後)等連用。) (will not= won’t)

例如:We will visit the old man next week.下週我們將要看望這位老人。

She will finish the work in 2 weeks.她將在兩週後完成這項工作。

一般疑問句:把肯定句中的will 提到句首即可。以上兩句的一般疑問句爲:

Will you visit the old man next week? Yes,we will.No, we won’t .

Will she finish the work in 2 weeks? Yes,she will.No, she won’t .

否定句:把肯定句中的will 變爲won’t即可。以上兩句的否定句爲:

We won’t visit the old man next week. She won’t finish the work in 2 weeks.

本單元的短語和知識點:

1.(P49,圖片)There be結構:There be(is/are/was/were)+某物/某人+某地/某時

“There be結構”的一般現在時:There is/are+某物/某人+某地/某時

There are 600 students in our school.在我們學校有600個學生。

一般過去時:There was/were+某物/某人+某地/某時

There was a school ten years ago. 10年前這裏有所學校。

一般將來時:There will be+某物/某人+某地/某時.= There is going to be+某物/某人+某地/某時. There will be a sport meeting next week.

=There is going to be a sport meeting next weeek.下週將有場運動會。

2.(P49,1a)on computers在電腦上, on paper在紙上

3.(P50,2a可數名詞複數

:有一些、有幾個 不可數名詞:有一些

可數名詞複數:幾乎沒有(表示否定)不可數名詞:幾乎沒有(表示否定) 不可數名詞:很多,許多 There will be less polution 在未來將會有更少的污染。(polution爲不可數名詞) We should plant more trees.我們應該種更多的樹。(tree爲可數名詞)

There will be fewer cars in the future.在未來將會有更少的汽車。(car爲可數名詞)

4.(P50,2d)in(great)danger在(極度)危險中on the earth在地球上save the earth拯救地球

5.(P50,2d)play a part (in doing sth):參與(做某事)

We should play a part in planting trees every year.每年我們應該參與植樹。

6.(P51,語法表格2行)in+一段時間:在„之後(多用於一般將來時)

He will come back in 2 days.兩天之後他將回來。→How soon will he come back?多久他將回來?

7.(P53,2b,1段2行)help with sth在某方面幫忙

He often helps with housework at home.他經常在家幫助做家務。

8.(P53,2b,2段1行)Today there are already robots working in factories.現在有許多機器人正在工廠裏工作。

句型 There isare sb doing sth.有某人正在做某事。 There is a cat eating fish.有隻貓正在吃魚。

9.(P53,2b,3段1行)make sb do sth:讓某人做某事

My mother often makes me clean my room.我的媽媽經常讓我打掃我的房間。

10.(P53,2b,4段2hundreds of+名詞:成百上千的„,許多„(表示模糊數字)

數字+ hundred +名詞:幾百„(表示具體數字)

He has hundreds of book.他有很多書。He bought two hundred books.他買了二百本書。

11.(P53,2b,4段7行)seem to do sth:好像做某事I seem to know him.我好像認識他。

seem (to be)+形容詞:好像怎麼樣 He seems (to be) angry.他好像生氣了。

12.(P54,2d,4行)at some point: 在某些方面

13.(P55,3a,4行)free time空閒時間 in one’s free time在某人空閒時間

He often studies English in his free time.他經常在空閒時間學習英語。

  8年級上冊英語語法和短語二:Unit 8

Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?

本單元的話題:描述做事情的順序和過程。(First首先,Next下面,Then然後,Finally最後)

本單元的語法:複習一般現在時。

本單元的短語和知識點:

打開調大

關上調小

請打開燈。

My father is sleeping,please turn down the radio.爸爸正在睡覺,請把收音機聲音調小。

可數名詞複數:多少„

How much+不可數名詞:多少„

He has eight books.他有八本書。→How many books does he have?他有多少本書?

How much water does he need?他需要多少水?

3. (P58,2a) 量詞的用法:不可數名詞常用“數字+量詞+不可數名詞”來表示。如:

a piece of bread一片面包 比較:two pieces of bread兩片面包(bread爲不可數名詞)

a glass of orange 一玻璃杯橘子汁 one spoon of butter 一勺黃油

4.(P58,2d)說明做某事的順序爲:

First„首先,Next„下面,Then„然後,Finally„最後

5.(P58,2d末行)one more thing = another one thing

基數詞 + more + 名詞 = another + 基數詞 + 名詞:又多少某物

He ate an apple,he wanted to eat two more apples.他吃了一個蘋果,還想再吃兩個。

6.(P59,3c)Do you know how to plant trees?你知道如何種樹嗎?

how to do sth.怎樣做某事 (疑問詞後跟動詞須加to,即“疑問詞 to do sth”)

He doesn’t know how to turn on the computer.他不知道如何打開電腦。

7.(P61,2b,4行)It’s time (for sb) to do sth是某人該做某事的時間了。

It’s time for us to have lunch.是我們該吃午飯的時候了。

It’s time for sth是該做某事的時間了。It’s time for the class.是該上課的時候了。

8.(P61,2b,1段倒數3行)by doing sth:通過„方式

He learned English by listening to the radio.它通過聽收音機學習英語。

9.(P61,2b,2段)fill„with„ 用„裝滿, cover„with„ 用„蓋住

10.(P63,3a,3行)need to do sth:需要做某事He needs to buy a new pen.他需要買一枝新鋼筆。

  8年級上冊英語語法和短語二:Unit 9

Unit 9 Can you come to my party?

本單元的話題:學會發出、接受或拒絕邀請。 本單元的語法:複習情態動詞。

本單元的短語和知識點:

1.(P65,圖片)on Saturday afternoon 在星期六下午,在具體哪一天的是上午、下午或晚上用on,例如:on Sunday evening在星期天的晚上

2.(P65,圖片)have to 必須(後跟動詞原形)He has to get up early.他必須早起。→(一般疑問句)Does he get up early? Yes,he does.No,he doesn’t.

(否定句)He doesn’t have to get up early.他沒有必要早起。

3.(P65,圖片)How about +名詞代詞V•ing: „怎麼樣?(用來徵詢意見或提出建議)

How about=What about I like apples,how about you?我喜歡蘋果,你呢?(you爲代詞)

How about going shopping this afternoon?今天下午去購物怎麼樣?(go爲動詞)

4. (P65,想要某物Jim would like a new pen .吉姆香要一支鋼筆。

想做某事He’d like to watch TV.

Would you like to do sth ? 你願意做...?(用來提出建議或徵求對方意見)

------would you like to go shopping with me ? 你想和我一起去買東西嗎?

------Yes,I’d love to ,but I’m doing my homework.我想去,但是我現在正在做家庭作業。

(=Sorry, I’m doing my homework.非常抱歉,我正在做家庭作業。)

5.(P65,1a)prepare for sth爲„做準備

They are preparing for the work.他們正在爲這項工作做準備。

6.(P65,1a)go to the doctor去看病have the flu 患流感help my parents給父母幫忙

7.(P66,2c)too much+不可數名詞:許多,很多He has too much homework to do.他有很多家庭作業要做。 too many+可數名詞複數:許多,很多They bought too many books yesterday.昨天他買了很多書。

much too+形容詞副詞:太„,非常„ His father is much too busy.他爸爸非常忙。

8.(P66,2d,8行)have an exam考試

9.(P66,2d,倒數3行)until 的用法:<1>若動詞爲延續性動詞則用肯定句式

He studied until 21:00pm.他一直學習到晚上九點。

<2>若動詞爲非延續性動詞,則用not„l„.(直到。。。。才。。。。)

He didn’t go to bed until his father came back.他一直到他爸爸回來才上牀睡覺。

10.(P67,語法表格)study for a math test爲數學考試做準備go to the party參加聚會

11.(P68,1c)What’s today?今天幾號?Its Monday,the 14th.今天星期一,十四號。

補充:what day is it today?今天星期幾? it’s Monday今天星期一。

th What’s the date today?今天幾月幾日?It’s October 20 .今天10月20日。

12.(P68,1d)go to the doctor去看病 have a piano lesson上鋼琴課

13.(P68,1d)look after 照看,照料 = take care of

She is old to look after his brother她足夠大了能夠照看她的弟弟。

take good care of =look after„well好好照顧,好好照料

We should take good care of the children.

= We should look after the children well.我們應該好好照料兒童。

14.(P69,2d)accept an invitation 接受邀請 make an invitation發出邀請

turn down an invitation拒絕邀請

15.(P69,2d,1段1行)感嘆句的類型:

⑴ What a∕an+adj+可數名詞單數 (+主語+謂語)!

What +adj+可數名詞複數∕不可數名詞 (+主語+謂語)!

What a fine day (it is) !多麼好的天啊! (day爲可數名詞單數)

What an interesting book it is !多麼有趣的一本書啊!(book爲可數名詞單數)

What beautiful flowers they are !多麼漂亮的花啊! (flowers爲可數名詞複數)

What bad weather it is!多麼糟糕的天氣啊!(weather爲不可數名詞)

⑵ How +adj +主語+(謂語中的)系動詞!

How +adv +主語+(謂語中的)實義動詞!

How happy I am!我多麼高興啊! (happy爲adj,am爲系動詞)

How hard they are working !他們工作多麼努力啊!(hard爲adv,work爲實義動詞)

點撥:陳述句改爲感嘆句,可以採用“一判、二定、三移”。

一判:是判斷出陳述句謂語動詞後的中心詞的詞性(adj∕adv∕n);

二定:是根據判斷出來的結果來確定引導詞(中心詞爲名詞用What;中心詞爲形容詞或副詞用How;) 三移:就是把主語和謂語移到後面。

注意:在感嘆句中,不得出現so,very,very much等表示程度的單詞。

例如:①Our school is beautiful .

一判:beautiful爲形容詞;二定:beautiful爲形容詞,用How 來引導;三移:把Our school is移到How beautiful後面,即爲感嘆句How beautiful our school is!

②He is a clever boy.

一判:boy爲名詞;二定:boy爲名詞,用What來引導;三移:把He is移到What a clever boy 後面,即爲感嘆句What a clever boy he is!

③He studies English well.

一判:well爲副詞;二定:well爲副詞,用How 來引導;三移:把He studies移到How well後面,即爲感嘆句How well he studies!

練習:將下列句子變爲感嘆句。①The room is very bright.

② We live a happy life today. ③It is a nice present. ④This is difficult problem. ⑤She played the piano wonderfully.

答案:①How bright the room is! ②What a happy life we live today. ③What a nice present it is!④What a difficult problem this is! ⑤How wonderfully she played the piano !

16.(P69,2d,1段2行)the (best) way to do sth:做某事的(最好)方法

The best way to learn English學習英語的最好方法

17.(P69,2d,2段1行)thanks for+名詞V•ing:爲什麼而感謝

Thanks for your invitation.謝謝你的邀請。(invitation爲名詞)

Thanks for helping me.謝謝你幫助我。(help爲動詞)

18.(P69,2d,2段2行)take a trip參加郊遊,at the end of this month在本月底

19.(P69,2d,3段2行)go back to+地點:回到某地

He will go back to Beijing in 2 days.兩天後他將回北京。

20.(P69,2d,3段3行)have a surprise party for sb爲某人舉辦一個驚喜的晚會

21.(P69,2d,3段倒數3行)without+名詞代詞 V•ing:沒有„

He can’t finish the work without our help.沒有我們的幫助,他不能夠完成這項工作。(help爲名詞)

He went to school without having breakfast.他沒有吃早飯就去上學。(have爲動詞)

23.(P69,2d,3段倒數2行)so that作“爲了”時,引導目的狀語從句,從句常出現情態動詞。如:She got up early so that she could catch the bus.爲了能趕上車,她起得很早。

24.(P69,2d,末段倒數2行)look forward to +名詞代詞:期待,盼望

I’m looking forward to buying a new car.我盼望着買輛新車。(buy爲動詞) The students are looking forward to an English party.學生們正盼望着一個英語晚會。

25.(P69,2d,末段倒數2行)hear from sb.收到某人的來信 = receive a letter from sb.

He often hears from his brother他經常收到他弟弟的來信。

26.(P70,2d末行)make it 在約定的時間內到達,能夠來 = arrive in time;

I’m glad you could make it.我非常高興你能夠按時來。

27.(P71,3a,1行)the opening of„ :開幕/開業

28.(P71,3a,2行)在具體哪一天的上午、下午、晚上用on,比較:

in the morning在早晨 on Sunday morning在星期天的早晨

29.(P71,3a,5行)invite sb to +地點:邀請某人去某地(invite -- invitation )

We invited a scientist to our school last week.上週我們邀請一位科學家到我們學校。

invite sb to do sth 邀請某人做某事I invited him to sing.我邀請去唱歌。

30.(P71,3a,6行)reply in writing 寫回信

31.(P71,3a,5)reply to sth / sb:回答某事/回答某人

32.(P72,4)go shopping 購物,do homework做家庭作業

33.(P72,self check)go to the concert參加音樂會

  8年級上冊英語語法和短語二:Unit 10

Unit 10 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time!

本單元的話題:談論事情可能的結果。 。

本單元的語法:在條件狀語從句中,用一般現在時表示將來——即主將從現。 從句(一般現在時) (主句一般將來時)

解釋:在條件狀語從句,時間狀語從句中,若主句用一般將來時,從句則用一般現在時表示將來-------簡稱主將從現

If it is fine tomorrow,I’ll visit shanghai

區分:賓語從句若主句爲一般現在時,從句可以根據需要用任何時態 我認爲我在兩天內將完成這項工作。 主句(一般現在時) 賓語從句

填空:I think she (come)here tomorrow. If he (come )here,I (call)you.

本單元的短語和知識點:

1.(P73,圖片)have a great /good time 玩的開心

2.(P73,1a)stay at home呆在家裏take the bus乘公交車,go to the party參加晚會

3.(P73,1c)tomorrow night明天晚上

4.(P74,2a)talk about sth談論某事have a class party開班級晚會have a class meeting 開班會

5.(P74,2a)疑問詞+to do sth He didn’t know where to go.他不知道去哪裏。 (常用的疑問詞有:who,what,where,when,why,how—簡單記憶爲:5 w 1 h)

6.(P74,2a)plan to do sth計劃做某They are planning to go shopping.他們正在計劃購物。 7...

(P74,2b)half the class 全班一半人,make some food 做食物

8.(P74,2d,1行)ask sb. to do sth 請某人做某事

My parents often ask me to study hard.我的父母親經常要我努力學習。

ask sb. not to do sth 請某人不要做某事

My techer often asks us not to be late.我的老師要我們不要遲到。

9.(P74,2d,3行,4行)order food 預定食物 potato chips薯條

10.(P74,2d,5行)too+形容詞+to do sth:太„以至於不能„

so+形容詞+that+句子:如此„以至於„

形容詞+enough to do sth:足夠„能夠做某事(注意三個句型常常可以互換轉換)

He is so young that he can′t go to school.他如此年輕以至於不能去上學。

= He is too young to go to school.他太年輕了以至於不能去上學。

= He isn′t old enough to go to school.

11.(P75,3a,4行)tell sb. to do sth 高速某人做某事

My parents often tell me to get up early.我的父母親經常告訴我早起。

tell sb. not to do sth 告訴某人不要做某事

My techer often tells us not to play computer games.我的老師經常告訴我們不要玩電子遊戲。

12.(P75,3a,末行)give sb some advice給某人建議/勸告 (adivce爲不可數名詞)

13.(P76,1a)travel around the world 周遊世界, go to college 上大學,

make(a lot of)money 掙錢, get an education接受教育 ,

14.(P76,1c)work hard 努力工作,a soccer player 一個足球運動員

15.(P77,2b)talk to sb.與某人談話,keep„to oneself 把„留給自己/獨處

16.(P77,2b,1段2行)have problems with sth:在某方面有困難

have problems (in)doing sth:做方面有困難 (2個句型常常可以互換)

She has problems with English.她在學習英語方面有困難。

= She has problems (in) learning English.她學習英語有困難。

17.(P77,2b,1段8行)unless=if„not如果„不

Unless it is sunny tomorrow,I won’t go shopping.如果明天不是晴天,我將不去購物。

=If it isn’t sunny tomorrow,I won’t go shopping.

18.(P77,2b,2段1行)be afraid to do sth:不敢做某事

He is afraid to talk in public.他不敢當衆講話。

be afraid of sth:害怕某物The boy is afraid of dogs.這個男孩害怕狗。

19.(P77,2b,2段1行)tell sb about sth:告訴某人某事

My mother often tells me about my grandfather.我媽媽經常告訴我爺爺的事。

20.(P77,2b,2段3行)keep doing sth:一直做某事He is keeping writing letters.他一直在寫信。

21.(P77,2b,2段4行)be angry with sb生某人的氣He is angry with his son.他在生他兒子的氣。 be angry aboutat sth 因某事而生氣He is angry aboutat his work.他因爲工作生氣。

22.(P77,2b,2段5行)make mistakes犯錯誤

23.(P77,2b,2段6行)remember to do sth記着去做某事(事情還未做)

remember doing sth記着已經做過某事(事情做完,但是還記着)

Please remember to close the door when you leave.當你離開的時候記着關上門。(門還未關). He remembered closing the door.他記着已經關上門了。(門已經關上)

24.(P77,2b,3段1行)advise sb to do sth勸說某人做某事

My mother often advices me to study hard.我的媽媽經常勸說我努力學習。

25.(P77,2b,3段2行)It’s best (not)to do sth. 最好(不要)做某事

It’s best not to play computer games.最好別玩電子遊戲。

26.(P77,2b,3段2行)run away from逃避Don’t run away from your problems.不要逃避你的問題。

27.(P77,2b,3段3行)try to do sth試着去做某事

28.(P77,2b,3段6行)in half 成半

29.(P77,2b,3段7行)solve a problem解決難題

30.(P78,2d,8行)agree with sb:同意某人(的看法、意見、觀點等)

Do you agree with me?你同意我的觀點嗎?

31.(P80,2b,4)old people’s home 敬老院,school clean-up學校大掃除

32.(P80,self check,1,3)worry about :擔心

My parents often worry about my study.我的父母親經常擔心我的學習。

這是2013年版八年級上冊英語課本主要知識、主要考點:單詞、詞組、習慣搭配和重要句型,只要熟練掌握、靈活運用,一般考試是沒有問題。

建議同學們經常聽課本錄音並跟讀(利用mp3等用具):每天至少聽讀三遍已學課本內容,預習兩遍要新學內容。

1、注意發音、升降調、輕重讀、連讀、失去爆破等等,並模仿語音語調;

2練習語感、學會用英語思維。這些全靠自己熟讀課本,形成英語語感而得到。你們有了很強的英語語感加上英語思維習慣,你們把題目唸完就會知道答案。我們學習外語要遵循語言學習規律:聽說領先,讀寫跟上;由從聽說促進讀寫,讀寫促進理解(循序漸進要一個過程),有了一定學習基礎,精讀學生課本,泛讀社會。以致(廣泛閱讀達到)融會貫通。以不變的基礎應對萬變的題型,這纔是把學習變簡單、變輕鬆的有效方法。否則,你的學習方法就需要改變。