從單詞到句子 5句話英語故事

通過單詞的可視化學習，我們更直觀地體會到詞彙在頭腦中所構建image的差異，在故事寫作中使用specific，vivid words同樣可以起到刻畫描繪的作用。 

      在新單詞的造句(超級句子)練習中，我們通過模擬場景setting，再現詞彙的使用場景。以whisper“輕聲說話”爲例：使用的場景是什麼？
當你說出祕密時，你可能會輕聲說出。當你不想製造噪音的時候，你可能會竊竊私語。

現在讓我們看一張 ，上面顯示了單詞“悄悄話”。（指着竊竊私語的女孩。）這個女孩在告訴男孩一些事情。她在竊竊私語。也許她在講祕密。也許她不想讓其他女孩聽到。

對你的朋友悄悄地說“***”。現在小聲說吧，像這樣。（輕聲說“***”）。告訴你的朋友你的祕密。現在小聲說吧。對你的朋友說點你的祕密。

看一下下面這張學校閱讀作業A-Z Mysteries Book A The Absent Author的插圖。 中Josh在對Dink悄悄地說什麼?   爲什麼他們whispered？ 

現在讓我們再一起說三遍：whisper，whisper，whisper。

造句中，首先練習的場景(添加時間和地點狀語)完成超級句子，然後是通過使用帶有邏輯關係詞匯排列，寫長句。
1. The beetle uses its mouth for cutting, biting, and chewing.
2. Grasshoppers, crickets, and some spiders are good jumpers.
3. Ants, bees, and wasps live in colonies.
4. Caterpillars make cocoons, turn into butterflies, and fly away. 
5. The band played a funny song, then they played a sad song. Then they took a break. After they played a loud song, the concert was over. 
超級句子中詞彙排列的邏輯關係，爲寫作練習作了準備。 

         爲了便於孩子理解，可以通過英文的故事寫作圖，對中文故事進行故事寫作圖分析。 
 
Character and Setting 人物和背景 
What does your character look like? Where is your character?
你的故事人物是什麼樣？你的人物在哪裏？
Action 
What did your character do? What is your character’s problem?
你的故事人物做了什麼？你的故事人物有什麼問題？
Conclusion 
What happened last? How does it end?
最後發生了什麼？結局是什麼樣的？

                                   小學一年級《烏鴉喝水》課文
       一隻烏鴉口渴了,到處找水喝。烏鴉看見一個瓶子,瓶子裏有水。可是,瓶子裏水不多,瓶口又小,烏鴉喝不着水。怎麼辦呢? 烏鴉看見旁邊有許多小石子,想出辦法來了。烏鴉把小石子一個一個地放進瓶子裏,瓶子裏的水漸漸升高,烏鴉就喝着水了。 
中文版：Character and Setting人物和背景 ：
人物：小烏鴉 
Action 
故事的問題：烏鴉想喝瓶子裏的水，可是喝不到。
問題的解決：烏鴉想到一個辦法，把石子放進瓶子 
Conclusion 
結尾：烏鴉喝着水了。
 The Thirsty Crow Story 
      A thirsty crow flew everywhere in search of water. Suddenly, he saw a pitcher on the ground with little water in it. The water level was too low, and the pitcher had a narrow neck, because of which the crow could not drink the water.
       Then an idea came to him. He started picking the pebbles scattered near the pitcher and dropping them into it one by one. As pebbles went into the pitcher, the water rose. The crow drank the water happily. 
開頭交代時間和地點： 
It was a hot summer day. A crow was very thirsty. 
已經學習G3的學生，開始學習背景描寫，人物描寫的學生，可以學習將時間狀語成分改爲一個交代故事背景時間的句子。
On a hot summer day, a thirsty crow flew everywhere in search of water. 

英文版：Character and Setting 人物和背景：
人物：A thirsty crow 
Action 
故事的問題：The crow could not drink the water in the pitcher. 
問題的解決： Then an idea came to him. He dropped pebbles into the pitcher. 
Conclusion 
結尾：The crow drank the water happily.

 小學一年級《拔蘿蔔》課文
 

中文版：Character and Setting人物和背景 ：
人物：老公公
Action 
故事的問題：老公公拔蘿蔔，拔不動。
問題的解決：老公公喊老婆婆來幫忙，老婆婆喊小姑娘來幫忙， 
小姑娘喊小狗來幫忙，小狗喊小貓來幫忙
Conclusion 
結尾：終於。。。 
 

The Story of the Giant Carrot
       One day Farmer Smith planted carrot seeds. The next morning,
he looked outside and gasped. He took a gulp of air because he was so surprised. A giant leaf was growing in the garden. He knew what would be attached. Giant leaves are joined to giant carrots! 
      Farmer Smith ran outside frantically. He was very, very excited. He jumped up and grabbed the leaf. It was so high, he swung from it! His body waved from side to side. Once his feet were back on the ground, he pulled on the leaf. The giant carrot would not come out.
      First, he called to his family for help. The family pulled, but the carrot was too big. Then he asked his neighbors to help. They pulled so hard that they had to stop to breathe. It was hard for them to get enough air. Finally, he called to the dog and cow for help. They all pulled, and at last, the carrot popped out!
 The Smith family fed the whole town with the delicious carrot. Everyone said it was the best-tasting carrot they had ever eaten!
英文版：Character and Setting 人物和背景 ：
人物：Farmer Smith
Action 
故事的問題：He pulled the giant carrot, but it would not come out.
問題的解決：He called to his family, his neighbors, the dog and cow.
Conclusion 結局
結尾：At last the carrot popped out!  It was the best-tasting carrot.

故事題目可以採用The + 故事主要人物/故事主要對象+ Story 的模式。
 The Story of the Giant Carrot
      One day, Farmer Smith walked into his garden and saw a giant carrot. （人物時間地點）He tried to pull it out, but he couldn’t. （問題）So he called his family, his neighbors, the dog, and the cow for help. （解決 action）They all pulled, and at last, the carrot popped out! （結尾）

The Story of My Dirty Dog 
    I have a funny dog named Pete. One day, he dug a big hole in the dirt in the garden and got muddy. I tried to give him a bath. He ran away. I tried to catch him, but I couldn't. I called my dad. He helped me catch Pete. We gave Pete a bath together.

Character and Setting 人物和背景
人物：Pete
Action 
故事的問題：Pete dug a hole and got muddy. I tried to give him a bath but he ran away.
問題的解決：My dad helped me. 
Conclusion 結局
結尾：We gave Pete a bath together.
     The Story of the Rescued Dog 
    Kim rescued a dog that was very sad. She wanted to make the dog happy, so she named her Joy. She bought toys for Joy, but Joy would not play. She gave Joy treats, but Joy would not eat. When she came home she would say, “Come, Joy. How about a hug?” She talked to her on their daily walks. She hugged her every day and rubbed noses with her. It took a while, but soon Joy was wagging her tail all the time. Joy was happy.
Character and Setting 人物和背景：
人物：Kim and rescued dog
Action 
故事的問題：The rescued dog was very sad.
問題的解決：Kim bought her toys and she gave her treats. Kim talked to her and hugged her. 
在超級句子的練習中，是通過使用帶有邏輯關係詞匯排列，寫長句。
1. bought her toys
2. gave her treats 
3. talked to her
4. hugged her
5. rubbed noses with her
我們閱讀1至5的羅列，體會，這種通過句子模式表現出來的邏輯關係。 
Conclusion 結局
結尾：The rescued dog was happy.

超級句子練習中，另一項練習就是在句子基礎結構(主語+謂語+賓語)加上時間地點狀語。 Last summer, my family and I went to a State Park.
    在第二階段的寫作練習中，有背景(setting:時間，地點)描寫，人物描寫
第一階段 Last summer, my family and I went to a State Park. 
第二階段 It was a hot summer day. a crow was very thirsty. He flew from one place to another in search of water. But there was not a drop of water anywhere. 
體會狀語成分，和單獨一個句子的差異。 
狀語成分修飾僅僅是一個句子。而單獨一個句子則是交代整個故事發生的背景. 對比體會差異。 
 Little Raccoon Rescue 
The Story of Racoon Rescue

    Last summer, my family and I went to a State Park. We were walking 
along the narrow trail. Waterfalls fell over some of the high rocks. Fuzzy green moss on the edge of the path.(場景描寫）Then I heard something strange. 
     Inside a garbage can, I found a raccoon. "There is a baby raccoon here!" I yelled. But no one believed what I said. I wanted to help the little raccoon! 
     Finally, I persuaded my dad, he looked into the garbage can and saw my little raccoon. Then Dad found a park ranger. She tipped the can over, and the raccoon hurried into the woods. 
開頭交代背景：時間，人物，地點。（包括場景描寫）
文中講述問題problem： 發現了raccoon， 別人不相信
問題的解決solution： 爸爸幫忙，護林員幫忙
結局：  The raccoon hurried into the woods. 

通用詞匯>具體描繪性詞彙>基礎結構句子>帶有修飾成分的句子>基礎結構的故事>帶有背景描寫，人物描寫的故事>
在練習基礎結構故事寫作時，可以寫從練習How to 說明文寫起。直接按照時間順序敘述過程。