to在英語中的用法

我們知道,“to”在英語中有兩種功能:一是作爲小品詞構成動詞不定式;二是作爲介詞,與名詞、代詞、或動名詞一起構成介賓短語。下面是小編整理的一些關於to在英語中的用法， 希望對大家有幫助。

　　一：表示相對，針對

be strange (common, new, familiar, peculiar, distinct, sensitive, immune, vulnerable, indispensable) toAir is indispensable to rafts are vulnerable to interference caused by injection will make you immune to infection.

　　二：表示對比，比較

1：以-ior結尾的形容詞，後接介詞to表示比較，如：

superior ,inferior,prior,senior,junior

The quarrel happened prior to my arrival.

2: 一些本身就含有比較或比擬意思的形容詞，如equal，similar，equivalent，analogous A is similar to B in many ways.

3：表示一些先後順序的形容詞，如：second,subsequent,next,preliminary,preparatory

Subsequent to the war,they returned to their hometown.

4: to也偶爾出現在個別動詞之後,與動詞形成固定詞組,表示比較,如:prefer to,compare to,in contrast to

compare to sth.

表示比喻或比擬,而compare with sth.表示比較,如:

World is usually compared to a stage Compared with his past,he has changed a lot.

Prefer的正確句型是:prefer A to B或prefer doing A to doingB,但當prefer後接動詞不定式時,表示比較的介 詞to就要改成rather than ,

如: The undaunted soldier preferred death to surrender. Many people prefer spending money to earning money. They prefer to pursue careers rather than remain home as house wives.

5: to與及個別的名詞構成比較之意,如:alternative Going to an under water concert is a great alternative to going to dinner.

　　三: 表示修飾關係

1: 表示回覆,反應意思的詞,如:answer to question, solution to problem,response to inquiry,reaction to proposal,reply to letter

2: 表示建築構件的詞彙,如:

entry,entrance,approach,access,passage,exit,vent,path

the approach to a bridge引橋

the approach to science

Half of the population was estimated to have no access to the health service.

The access to education 接受教育的機會

The access to medical care 享受公費醫療的權利

3: 表示人物職位和官銜的詞,如:assistant to manager, ambassador to Spain, successor to tradition, heir to throne,deputy to the National People’s Congress advisor to the Prime Minister

4: 表示權利和許可的詞彙,如:right,admission The employee finally got the admission to the boardroom. Everyone has an equal right to ……..

5: 表示柵欄或障礙的詞彙,如:bars to development,the barrier to progress

6: 表示與書籍,文本相關的詞,如:introduction to passage.

7: 表示恭喜或是祝賀,如: The director proposed a toast to the health of the guests. Let’s drink to Dick’s success in business

8: 另外還有一些名詞符合這種用法,有的具有兩者息息相關,缺一不可的含義.如:key to door,invitation toparty, guide to action,limitation to life,accessory to school