當一名工程師應具備哪些技能？附實例講解
Engineering is one of the fastest growing and most exciting fields today, offering new college graduates significant earning potential, job stability, and plenty of personal satisfaction. There are many different jobs available for engineers. Not everyone can be an engineer, however. The demands in terms of skills and knowledge are intense.
工程學是目前發展最快並且最讓人興奮的領域，它能給大學畢業生提供很好的潛在收入、工作穩定性，以及豐富的個人滿足感。有很多不同種類的工作都適合工程師，但不是所有人都能成爲工程師，它對技能和知識方面的要求是很高的。
Most aspiring engineers will need at least a bachelor’s degree, more probably a master’s degree, from an engineering school.
許多有志向的工程師都需要至少拿到本科學歷，更多的是工科學校的碩士學位。
Besides the proper educational background and relevant technical experience, you will need to demonstrate many so-called “soft” skills in order to get and keep a good job.
除了合適的教育背景以及相關的技術經歷，爲了得到一份好工作，你需要證明很多“軟”實力。
Soft skills are those that involve interpersonal matters, such as leadership and communication. They complement “hard” skills, such as computer modeling or a working knowledge of chemistry, that are specific to your branch of engineering and are technical in nature.
軟實力包括了人際關係，比如領導力和溝通能力。它們是“硬”實力的補充，比如計算機建模或是化學應用知識，這些是工程分支的具體事項，本質上都是技術問題。
How to Use Skills Lists 如何使用技能
There are several different branches of engineering, each with very distinct technical skill sets. Even within a given field, specific job requirements vary a lot between positions. Be sure to read job descriptions carefully and to emphasize your applicable skills in your resume, cover letter, and interview. The soft, or social skills will vary less from job to job, and may or may not be mentioned in the job description, but are no less critical to your success in the field.
工程學有一些分支，每一個都有獨特的技能要求。即使在一個特定領域，不同的工作崗位也需要不同的工作要求。認真理解工作需求，在簡歷、求職信和麪試中着重強調你的技能。軟實力或是社交技巧在不同工作中的需求不同，可能不會在崗位要求中被提及，但想在某個領域裏取得成功這些也是很關鍵的。
Use this information as a guide to discover what you need to brush up on and what you may need to discuss in your interview. Remember to have ready specific example of how you embody each skill you want to highlight.
把這個信息當做指南，去發現在面試中什麼是要一帶而過的，什麼是需要討論的。記得準備好能體現出你想展示的技能的具體事例。
Top 7 Skills for an Engineer 工程師具備的七個頂尖技能
Creative Thinking 創造性思維
Engineering is fundamentally about solving problems, and that means finding new ways to apply existing knowledge—a truly creative process.
工程學本質上是解決問題的學科，也就是說找到新方法去學習現有知識——真正創造性的過程。
You may, in fact, be attracted by engineering because of its creative element. On the other hand, if you don’t think of yourself as the creative type, you can practice thinking outside the box through unrestricted brain-storming, day-dreaming, and play.
事實上，你可能因爲工程學的創造性元素而被其吸引。另一方面，如果你不覺得自己富有創造性，你可以通過頭腦風暴、日常冥想以及實踐來練習發散思維。
Computer Modeling 計算機建模
Computer modeling is the creation and use of computer models to run simulations of complex systems. While modeling is not unique to engineering, it has become a critical component of many types of engineering. Computer models can be used to predict anything from how quickly a planned stadium might be evacuated in an emergency to how a power plant might behave if a critical component fails. Not all engineers need the programming expertise to build models, but you do need to understand how models work so you know what kinds of problems can be simulated and what the simulations mean for your project.
計算機建模是計算機模型的產物，進行復雜系統的模擬運行。建模並不單屬於工程學，它成爲很多類型工程學的核心元素。計算機建模可以被用來預測在緊急狀況下一個體育場可以多快的進行疏散，如果關鍵元素失效，動力裝置將會如何應對。不是所有的工程師都需要編程的專業知識去建立模型，但你確實需要理解模型是如何工作的，這樣你可以知道什麼樣的問題可以被模擬，以及模擬對於你的項目來說意味着什麼。
Attention to Detail 注意細節
Projects in engineering are extraordinarily complex and involve dozens, if not hundreds, of people. A small mistake at any point during planning, development, or construction can result in failure. A failed project not only loses money, it could also injure or even kill people.
工程學項目是非常複雜的，牽扯到上百人。在企劃、開發或是建設中，任何一個節點的小錯誤都會導致失敗。一個失敗的項目不止虧錢，還有可能會傷害人甚至殺害人。
Higher Mathematics 高等數學
Gone are the days of calculating by hand and with slide rules, but the existence of computers does not free you from the need to understand math.
手算和用計算尺進行計算的日子遠去了，但計算機的存在讓你依然有對數學的需要。
In fact, since computers can only follow instructions, engineers must first discover how to solve numeric problems on their own before they can tell a computer what to do.
事實上，因爲計算機只能遵從說明，工程師必須首先發現自身如何解決數字問題，之後才能告訴計算機如何去做。
Communication Skills 溝通技能
Engineering is very technical and relies on concise and accurate communication among colleagues. But you will also have to communicate with people outside of the field, such as clients and sometimes the general public, who do not have technical background. It's important that you are able to translate your knowledge into terms they can understand.
工程學技術性很強，依賴於同事之間簡潔和精確的溝通。但你同樣需要與其他領域的人進行溝通，比如客戶，有時候還有普通人羣，這些人沒有技術背景。把你的知識轉化爲他們能夠理解的內容是非常重要的。
Leadership 領導能力
Engineers are typically known for their technical abilities, but leadership and management skills are just as important. While managing projects, you need to learn how to delegate tasks, organize large teams of people, and coordinate many complex processes.
工程師通常因爲他們的專業能力被熟知，但領導力和管理技巧也同樣重要。當管理項目時，你要知道如何分配任務，組織團隊成員，以及協調許多複雜程序。
As your career progresses, you will likely become responsible for managing and motivating other engineers as well.
在你的職業發展中，你可能也會負責管理和激勵其他工程師。
Teamwork 團隊合作
Engineers almost never work alone; you will work with a wide range of employees, both fellow engineers and people outside your department, to bring your projects to fruition. You need to be able to work collaboratively with different types of people at every level, applying skills as varied as verbal communication and appropriate body language to goal-setting and prioritizing problems. You need the character and integrity that will induce other people to trust you and rely on you as you all work together.
工程師幾乎從不獨自工作，你會和很多職員一起工作，既有工程師也有別的部門的同事，一起完成項目。你需要與每個階層不同類型的人協同工作，運用口頭溝通以及合適的肢體語言技能來完成目標，優先解決問題。你需要正直的性格，讓其他人相信你、依靠你，共同工作。
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