雅思口語必殺全攻略之傳統活動
傳統話題涵蓋的領域極爲寬泛，無論是談論人物、描述事物、還是敘述經歷，tradition都是一個很活躍的展開點。比如要談論活動(events)，那麼活動具有的傳統習俗(traditional ritual)是一個較好的切入點;再比如談論婚禮，傳統婚禮模式(traditional wedding)和西方婚禮模式(western wedding)之間的差異和互補就是一個必講的要點。下面是小編爲您收集整理的雅思口語必殺全攻略之傳統活動，供大家參考!
上一講中，我們討論了傳統話題在雅思口試第一階段中出現的話題模式、答題要求及應對技巧和策略。在這一講中，專家將繼續探討“傳統”話題在口試第二、三階段中所扮演的角色。筆者將按照“傳統”話題系統分類，並進行一一列舉，給出真題實例及參考答案。
傳統活動“對對碰”
【Cue Card 1】:
分析：考生首先需挑選某個節日
Chinese traditional festival:
Spring Festival(春節)、Mid-Autumn Festival(中秋節)、Dragon Boat festival(端午節)、Double Ninth Festival(重陽節)、Pure Brightness Festival(清明節)、Lantern Festival(元宵節)
activities：(參見雅思口語“必殺”全攻略— 傳統話題系列文章之一：傳統節日)
【回答】: The Spring Festival is the most important traditional Chinese festival and it is also my favorite holiday. On New Year’s Eve, the whole family gets together and has a wonderful supper. After supper, the elders give the children lucky money with which the young can buy whatever they want. During the Spring Festival, people visit their relatives and wish each other ’Happy New Year’. Throughout the Spring Festival, everyone is much more friendly and kinder than at any other time of the year, and you feel that the world is full of love. During the Spring Festival, since there is no school, the children always walk in the streets in groups, singing and laughing. Sometimes they set off firecrackers and generally have a good time. The young always go shopping or go to the parks together, or they stay at home and enjoy special TV programs. There is a peaceful and happy atmosphere.
擴展信息：Changes about celebrating the festival:
going out to have a get-together dinner or party in restaurants instead of big exhausting home dinner;
making a phone call to one’s friends and relatives or sending e-mails or forwarding short messages by cell phone to express good wishes instead of troublesome visiting;
taking the advantages of modern communication devices to improve the efficiency
【Cue Card 2】:
【回答】: I am a firm believer of a saying” Culture is one of the very few things that can make people get obsessed with forever”. Indeed, it is like a fashion, like a trademark, like a time. It is Cambridge made me know about UK. It is Disney made me know about USA. It is Louis Vuitton made me know about France. Talking about interesting culture, I think the most impressive one is Chinese culture.(注意：本句爲經典套句，可以模仿，但句式複雜，同類從句避免運用過多。作爲開頭，無需用例文中的所有排比句式，建議挑選用，不然顯得累贅，不能馬上切入主題。)Chinese wedding, as one of the most fantastic parts in (句式不錯)Chinese culture, never fails to(雙重否定表肯定=can always )draw any attention anytime. Here I would like to tell you about two typical customs involved in Chinese wedding: the hair combing ceremony and door-game playing.
Although it is not always performed today, it is a lovely ritual that got special meaning. Anyway, I would do it when I get married. The night before the wedding, the bride is supposed to bathe and then take a seat in front of lit candles. Her hair is combed four times by her mother. It is considered to be fortunate in life. The first combing symbolizes “from beginning to end”(一梳梳到底). The second means “harmony form youth though old”(二梳白髮齊眉) which is followed by the third combing with a wish for many grandchildren(三梳子孫滿堂). And it ends up with the fourth combing offers hope for wealth and a happily-ever-after marriage(白頭到老). Isn’t it sweet?
Another ceremony I wanna talk about here is what we called” Door game”. Say, when groom picks up(接) the bride, and he will be blocked at the front door by bride’s relatives or friends, and the bridesmaids will play door game with the groom and his groomsmen. Bridesmaids will try to stop him from entering by asking tough questions. It is supposed to be a way to test if he really cares about her. They may also do other tricks to delay the bride’s leaving. The groom will try to get through the door by presenting “lucky money”, money wrapped in red envelopes, to the bridesmaid. Finally, the groom has to give the bride a piggy back(give sb a piggy back背某人) to the limo waiting outside.(例文中描述了兩種傳統婚禮的儀式1.梳頭2.撞門遊戲。中心段落有些過長，可以不必完全背誦，建議學生參考例文的描寫模式。)
Certainly, there are still millions of other cool customs, such as bed setting, 12-course traditional Chinese wedding banquet, bowing procedure, rings exchanging, arm-crossed drinking, paper cutting of dragon and phoenix, double happiness…all of these make Chinese wedding really special.(最後一段列舉了鞠躬，交換戒指，交杯酒，龍鳳剪紙，雙喜剪紙，建議學生可以參考一下這些術語的英語表達)
“武裝到牙齒”的回答
【Question 1】:
Do you think people need festivals?
分析：建議考生回答“是”。The answer is probably yes.
然後給出理由。Tell why it is so by giving some specific reasons.
【回答】: Absolutely. For one thing, people need to take some time off their normal duties and relax. There is always a holiday atmosphere during these times and that’s important. Also it gives an opportunity for people to socialize. And it’s a time for get together. Family reunion, in my opinion, is one of the most charming and exciting things about festivals. It strengthens family bonds.
【Question 2】:
Are there any traditional skills in your country?
思路拓展：考生可以考慮：What are they?
Do you think people try to learn these skills?
【回答】: Well, yes. We have all kinds of skills such as woodcarving(木雕), sculpturing(雕塑), paper cutting(剪紙), sewing(縫紉) and knitting(編織), cooking local food and so on. But less and less people nowadays are showing interest in traditional skills. I think the reason is that modern science and technology is developing with a faster pace than ever before. So many high-tech products and devices are available for modern consumers that they tend to think science and technology is what life is all about, and they tend to care less and less about the humanities, histories and traditions.
分析：由於傳統技術本身就是一種文化遺產(cultural heritage)，因此技術其實是對傳統的一種繼承形式。由於現代科技的發展速度過快，導致人們產生“重科技、輕人文”的思維傾向;很顯然，該回答把人們不欣賞傳統技術的原因歸結爲“科技發展 VS 人文傳統”的兩元對立。於是，在我們闡述原因的同時，就很巧妙地把隱藏在深處的humanities, histories and traditions推到了臺前，顯示出講話者的人文關懷。而在談到年輕人不再關心傳統技術的時候，也折射出對於傳統文化漸漸式微的一種憂慮之心。
文章來源：雅思中國網
雅思口語備考：地域性發音的影響
“Pronunciation”作爲雅思口語四大評分標準之一有着舉足輕重的作用。相對於流利度、連貫性、詞彙和語法，評分標準中對於語音的描述是最少的，甚至九個分數段中有實質性描述的只有四個分數段，其餘的分數段也都是以這四個描述爲參考來評分。但是，在雅思口語考試必須與考官互動的特定模式下，發音的正確與否，標準與否，最能直接影響到考官對考生的印象和理解。不可否認的是，不論是雅思口語，還是新託福口語，只要是練習英語口語，都常常會存在很多語音問題。在此不是專門來做語音方面的研究，而是就考生們平時易犯的發音錯誤以及習慣性的發音錯誤作出總結，以便考生們能夠查漏補缺，及時更正。
一、地域性發音的影響
很多地方性語言的發音常常會影響到英語語音的學習。當然，這裏我們不談漢語，不談普通話，只說英語。這一現象體現在英語發音中最突出的當數部分考生”n”和”l”不能很好的區分。一些基本的詞彙，尤其以此兩個輔音開頭的單詞，如果發音混淆，則是全然不同的意思，如”nine”和”line”，這樣勢必會造成考官理解上面的問題。
如果說有時候兩個輔音的互換不會產生太大理解方面的問題，但長時間不加以區分，考官聽着也會不自覺地產生一種壓迫感。下面是一位考生在第二部分描述自己的一位家庭成員時的話，說到她的姐姐像個假小子：… I guess you can imagine that she really looks like a boy. When she was in middle school, she cut down her long hair, started to wear large shirt and became a boyish girl… 如果就這兩句話中出現的”l”，發音都換成”n”的音，考官或許能明白，但聽起來卻比較難受。
二、發不出的“th”
[θ]和[e]兩個音標都是”th”的發音，漢語中此種發音方式的缺乏直接導致很多考生從練習口語一開始就發不出這個音。就像很多English native speakers說漢語的“謝謝[xiexie]”會發[?e?e]，是因爲其中不捲舌的[x]也不存在於他們語言的發音方式中。由此許多單詞也會產生意義上的區別如最常提到的”think”和”sink”，造成理解上的障礙。也有的如“with”等不阻礙大意的詞，但對兩個音的長期忽略同樣會造成考官聽覺上的不適。
三、重音錯置
多考生在平時學習詞彙的過程中很容易忽視一些細節，而重音的錯置就是其中之一。有的考生在習慣了單詞重音爲第二個音節之後，對一些重音在單詞第一個音節上的細節便視而不見了。例如雅思口語中經常談論到的”television”, “newspaper”，對於這樣熟悉且簡單的單詞很多考生髮出的重音仍然在tele’vision和news’paper上。如此重音錯置的例子屢見不鮮，而重音的錯誤往往會導致整個語句的不順暢，聽起來很彆扭。
四、莫名的“r”
雅思口語考試對語音的包容性讓很多考生選擇了自己喜歡的美式英語，但這也意味着很多考生開始了對“兒化音”的情有獨鍾。”because”和“of course”並不一樣，後者有”r”可以“兒化”;前者卻沒有，可很多考生都喜歡把它讀成[bi’k?rz]。事實上，無論英式還是美式，它都發 [bi’k?z]。”China”, “Christmas”, “August”, ” idea”都是很典型的例子，單詞的拼寫中紅色標記的部分後面並沒有”r”，但是考生讀出來時卻無端產生了”r”的音。
五、經驗性判斷
有的考生習慣了”nation”, “promotion”，看到”precision”, “decision”的時候覺得也應該發[??n]，但事實上這兩個單詞中”-sion”應該發[??n];”address”這個詞大家都很熟悉了，有的考生一直讀的是[?d’dres]，因爲覺得裏面有兩個”d”，但其實正確的讀音當然是[?’dres]。這只是兩個簡單的例子，說明自己根據經驗來判斷和學習新的單詞的發音本身是一種不太可取的習慣。當然，事先可以做猜測，但一定要根據字典來確認自己的猜測是否正確，以便一開始學到的就是正確的發音。須知有的單詞或音節看起來長得很像，但實際發音卻可能有區別，所以千萬不能主觀臆斷。錯誤的發音如果先入爲主，到後面發現自己錯了，再糾正也會相對困難了。
上述的錯誤發音並沒有發生頻率高低的統計，但肯定是考生髮音中最常見的幾種錯誤。雖然有的不會造成理解上較大的阻礙，但過多的重複性失誤足以讓考生們在這項評分標準中失分。對於這些發音上面所犯的錯誤，有的考生自己其實並沒有察覺到，這就有待身邊的人，或者老師，或者同學朋友給予指正。也有的考生覺得遇到某些音要麼發不出來，要麼自己的舌頭或鼻腔就不聽使喚;單詞的重音一不小心就會發錯，但歸根到底其實是一開始就沒有養成好的發音習慣，在矯正的過程中自己的練習還不足夠，因此就達不到語音的流利度。建議考生，對於語音的培養一定要掌握正確的學習方法，有耐心有毅力。像[θ]和[e]的發音，並不是考生們做不到或做不到位，只是做得少，沒有習慣成自然。所以只要能很好地克服從不習慣到習慣的過程中的種種困難，語音才能被徹底地糾正和標準化。
