在雅思考試中如何寫出好文章

在多年的雅思教學中,我發現學生在實際考試中面臨着不同的寫作障礙,影響了考試成績。歸納起來大致有以下幾個方面:真情流露,無從下筆有的考生在考試時見到作文題,頓感思路塞車,好像有許多話要說,但又不知究竟應從哪裏寫起。明智的做法是“投其所好、盡情發揮。

　　第一，使用不同的詞彙

a.使用同義詞，比如以下的一些寫作高頻詞彙的同義詞，你一定要掌握，出現的尤爲頻繁。

important→essential, crucial, vital, significant,

think→claim, believe, consider, deem, figure out, feel

nowadays→currently, at present, now, recently, in recent years, these days

b.改變詞性，這是一種稍微難一些的方法，要求你的語法基礎非常好，你才能靈活自如的運用。

n. → v.

Eg：When we look at a comparison between A and B…

When we compare A and B…

Adj. → n.

There are a variety of solutions to the problem.

There are various solutions to the problem.

c. 使用不同的承接詞。承接詞在文章當中的使用相當頻繁，不僅是段落和段落的連接，還包括句子和句子的連接。背住一些常用的承接詞比你的改寫將會有極大的作用。

because of → due to, owing to, because, as, since, for

but → however, nevertheless, nonetheless, whereas

so → therefore, hence, thus, consequently

d.形容詞的逆向表達。在某些形容詞上進行修改，會達到非比尋常的效果。

Eg: not as easy as…→ more difficult than…

Not uncommon→ common

The cheapest → the least expensive

　　第二，使用不同的句型

a. 改變詞序。這是非常簡單的一種方法，完全不用動腦筋就可以進行改寫。常常將句子中的狀語(包括狀語從句)換位置。

Eg: For many years, people have believed ….

→People believed … for many years.

After this program has been solved, … can continue.

b. 主動語態和被動語態的互相替換

Eg: Trained scientists performed this research.

→This research was performed by trained scientists.

c. 使用“there be” 句型，可以將一個簡單句，馬上變成一個加入定語從句或者分詞的複雜句。

Eg: Several computer programs can be used to solve this problem.

→There are several computer programs that can be used to solve this problem.

或 There are several computer programs used to solve this problem.

d. 定語從句，分詞和插入語的互相替換

Eg: Study…, conducted by sociologists in 2004, shows that…

→Study…, which was conducted by sociologists in 2004, shows that…

Eg: This…, which is one of the most powerful … in the world, has…

→This…, one of the most powerful… in the world, has…

接下來，Cite，即引用。綜合寫作乃客觀寫作，只是一個旁觀者的角度對這兩篇文章的內容進行描述，因此，某觀點是出自哪篇文章一定要說清楚。所以，下面的這些句型在綜合寫作中必不可缺。

a. According to+noun.

Eg: According to the passage/lecture/author/professor,…

b. Subject+verbs of reporting +that clause

Eg: The author tells/reports/suggests/explains/says/argues/states/indicates/claims/points out/thinks/believes that ...

或 The speaker agrees/disagrees/rejects/disputes/challenges/takes a different view ...

c. As is indicated/displayed/illustrated in the passage/lecture,...

最後，Synthesize，也就是連接。具體來講，就是承接詞的使用是相當重要的，將文章當中的重要信息連接起來，體現作者對於兩篇文章的理解正確，說明作者的思路清楚。由於綜合寫作是對兩篇文章的比較，所以下面表對比和遞進的承接詞使用的最頻繁。

sitional words showing contrast: however, on the other hand, in contrast, on the contrary

sitional words showing addition: moreover, furthermore, in addition, besides, as well