研究：工作繁重易導致酗酒
TOO much work and too much wine go together like biscuits and cheese, a new international study finds.
一項新的國際研究發現，工作繁重會導致飲酒過量問題，兩者就像餅乾和奶酪一樣密不可分。
EMPLOYEES who work more than 48 hours a week are 11 per cent more likely to over consume alcohol than those who work a standard week, Finnish researchers say.
芬蘭（Finnish）研究人員稱，每週工作超過48小時的員工酗酒的機率比工作量正常的員工要高11%。
The study looked at more than 300,000 people in Australia, Europe and North America.
研究人員調查了來自澳大利亞、歐洲和北美洲的30萬餘名僱員。
No differences were seen between men and women, says the study, published in the British Medical Journal.
他們發現，性別差異對這一結論並無影響。該研究結果近日刊登在《英國醫學雜誌》（British Medical Journal）上。
Risky alcohol consumption is considered as more than 14 drinks a week for women and more than 21 drinks a week for men.
如果女性每週飲酒量超過14杯、男性超過21杯，就會被認爲是高風險酗酒。
About 20 per cent of Australians drink at levels that put them at risk of lifetime harm from injury or disease.
約20%澳大利亞人的飲酒量有可能給其帶來終生的傷痛或疾病。
Drinking alcohol can affect the liver or cause brain damage, heart disease, high blood pressure and increases the risk of many cancers.
飲酒會影響肝臟功能，造成腦損傷、心臟病和高血壓，還會提高患多種癌症的風險。
Study author Marianna Virtanen said while alcohol might help ease the stress of working long periods of time, risky consumption could lead to difficulties in the workplace, such as poor performance.
研究人員瑪麗安娜•維爾塔寧（Marianna Virtanen）表示，適度飲酒可緩解長時間工作的壓力，但高風險酗酒會影響人們在職場的表現，造成狀態不佳等問題。
The European Union Working Time Directive ensures that workers in EU countries have the right to work no more than 48 hours a week, including overtime.
歐盟工作時間指令（The European Union Working Time Directive）的推出，保障了歐盟工作者可享有每週工作（包括加班）時長不超過48小時的權利。
"But many people, for example well-educated managers and professionals, work much longer hours to achieve faster promotions, salary increases, and more control over work and employment," said Prof Virtanen, of the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health.
芬蘭職業健康研究所（Finnish Institute of Occupational Health）的維爾塔寧教授說：“但還是有很多人，比如受過高等教育的管理者和專業人士，會通過加班來實現更快的晉升、加薪和擴大求職優勢。”
In Australia, it's recommended that healthy men and women drink no more than two standard drinks a day.
根據澳大利亞政府的建議，健康的男性和女性每天飲酒不要超過兩標準杯。
Vocabulary
consume: 吃; 喝
high blood pressure: 高血壓
ensure: 確保
well-educated: 受過良好教育的
promotion: 晉升
recommend: 建議；推薦
