悲劇的誕生The Birth Of Tragedy 第50期:弒父娶母

Oedipus, his father's murderer, his mother's lover, solver of the Sphinx's riddle!

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奧狄浦斯是自己父親的兇手，自己母親的丈夫，奧狄浦斯是斯芬克司之謎的解答者！

What is the meaning of this triple fate?

這神祕的三聯命運畢竟告訴我們甚麼呢？

An ancient popular belief, especially strong in Persia, holds that a wise magus must be incestuously begotten.

有一種原始的民間信仰，尤其是波斯的民間信仰，說聰明的妖教僧只能從亂倫的交配生育出來。

If we examine Oedipus, the solver of riddles and liberator of his mother, in the light of this Parsee belief,

想到解謎和娶母的奧狄浦斯，我們就會立刻得到解釋。

we may conclude that wherever soothsaying and magical powers have broken the spell of present and future, the rigid law of individuation,

大凡在某種預言的魔力打破了現在與未來的界限，破壞了頑強的個性原則，

the magic circle of nature, extreme unnaturalness--in this case incest--is the necessary antecedent;

總之，道破自然的內在魔謎的場合，就必先有一種非常的反自然現象，例如奧狄浦斯的亂倫，作爲前因；

for how should man force nature to yield up her secrets but by successfully resisting her, that is to say, by unnatural acts?

因爲，若不是違反自然，也就是說，苦不是以非自然來克服自然，人怎能夠強迫自然交出它的祕密呢？

This is the recognition I find expressed in the terrible triad of Oedipean fates: the same man who solved the riddle of nature (the ambiguous Sphinx) must also,

我在奧狄浦斯的可怕的三聯厄運中看出這個道理，他解答了自然之謎，

as murderer of his father and husband of his mother, break the consecrated tables of the natural order.

二重性的斯芬克司之謎，就必須以試父娶母的行動打破最神聖的自然秩序。