雙語暢銷書《艾倫圖靈傳》第3章:思考什麼是思考(70)
They happened to be in Hanover a day or two after 30 June 1934, when the SA was overthrown.
Alan's knowledge of German, although it was culled from mathematical textbooks, was better than Denis's, and he translated from the newspaper an account of how Roehm first had been given the chance to commit suicide and had then been shot.
儘管艾倫所知的德語只是來自數學書，但至少比丹尼斯強一些，他從報紙上翻譯了一些報道，比如希特勒在處決羅姆之前，曾給他機會自殺，等等。They were rather surprised by the attention given to his demise by the English press. But then, this was a symbolic event with resonances going beyond the plain fact that Hitler thereby gained supreme power.
這是一個標誌性的事件，從這之後，希特勒獲得了至尊的力量。
It removed a major contradiction within the Nazi party, trumpeting its intention to turn Germany into a giant stud farm.
這結束了納粹黨內一個主要的鬥爭，To grateful conservatives it was the end of "decadent"Germany.
保守派感激地認爲，這是“墮落”德國的結束。Later, when Hitler was thoroughly unpopular, the opposite connection could be drawn, and Nazidom painted as itself 'decadent' and 'perverse'.
隨後，當希特勒受到質疑時，Behind it lay the powerful leitmotiv that Hitler so skilfully orchestrated: that of the homosexual traitor.
他很熟練的編造故事：那是些專搞同性戀的叛徒。For some Cambridge students a sight of the new Germany, and a brush with its crudities, might engender a powerful anti-fascist commitment.
對於一些劍橋的學生來說，只要匆匆看一眼新德國，就會產生強烈的反法西斯立場。That step was not for Alan Turing.
但圖靈並不這樣。He was always friendly to the anti-fascist cause, but nothing would make him a 'political' person.
他雖然總是對反法西斯主義者很友好，但他自己對政治並沒有興趣。His was the other road to freedom, that of dedication to his craft.
他有通向自由的其它道路，那就是致力於自己的事業。Let others do what they could; he would achieve something right, something true.
讓其他人做他們能做的事，He would continue the civilisation that the anti-fascists defended.
他要做他自己認爲正確的事。In the summer and autumn of 1934, he continued to work on his dissertation.
1934年的夏天和秋天，他繼續做他的學位論文。The deadline for its submission was 6 December, but Alan handed it in a month early, and was ready for a next step.
截止時間是12月6日，但艾倫·圖靈提前一個月就提交了，並且爲下一步做好了準備。Eddington, who had played so important a part in his early development, had suggested his dissertation problem to him.
對他早期發展起了重要作用的愛丁頓，建議他參與自己的研究課題。The next suggestion came from Hilbert, although not so directly.
另一個建議來自希爾伯特，儘管不是那麼直接。In the spring of 1935, while his dissertation went the rounds of the King's Fellows, Alan went to a Part III course on Foundations of Mathematics. It was given by M.H.A. Newman.
1935年春天，當他的論文在國王學院研究員中傳閱時，艾倫開始攻讀數學的第三部分課程，授課者是M.H.A.紐曼。Newman, then nearly forty, was with J.H.C. Whitehead the foremost British exponent of topology.
紐曼將近四十歲，與J.H.C.懷特海一起，作爲英國拓撲學最著名的倡導者。This branch of mathematics could be described as the result of abstracting from geometry such concepts as 'connected', 'edge' and 'neighbouring' which did not depend upon measurement.
這個數學分支是研究幾何的抽象結果，那些不需要測量的概念，比如連接，邊，相鄰等等注。In the 1930s it was unifying and generalising much of pure mathematics.
在古典幾何學佔據主流的劍橋，Newman was a progressive figure in a Cambridge where classical geometry was more strongly represented.
紐曼象徵着一個不斷前進的新力量。The basis of topology was the theory of sets, and so Newman had been drawn into the foundations of set theory.
拓撲學的基礎是集合論，所以紐曼也致力於集合論的基本原理。He had also attended the 1928 international congress at which Hilbert represented the Germany excluded in 1924.
他也參加了1928年數學家大會，就是希爾伯特代表1924年被排除在外的德國的那一場。Hilbert had revived his call for an investigation into the foundations of mathematics.
希爾伯特主張重新探索數學的基礎。And it was in Hilbert's spirit, rather than as a continuation of Russell's 'logistic' programme, that Newman lectured.
紐曼的課程，就是繼承希爾伯特的精神來講的，而不是羅素的邏輯方法。Indeed, the Russell tradition had petered out, for Russell himself had left Cambridge in 1916 when first convicted and deprived of his Trinity College lectureship;
確實，羅素的傳統已經漸漸衰弱了，因爲1916年他首次被逮捕，並被剝奪了在三一學院的教席，於是他就離開劍橋了。and of his contemporaries, Wittgenstein had turned in a different direction, Harry Norton had gone mad, and Frank Ramsey had died in 1930.
在他的同行中，維特根斯坦轉向另一個不同的方向，哈瑞·諾頓發瘋了，而弗蘭克·拉姆齊在1930年死了。This left Newman as the only person in Cambridge with a deep knowledge of modern mathematical logic, although there were others, Braithwaite and Hardy amongst them, who were interested in the various approaches and programmes.
這使紐曼成爲劍橋唯一一個對現代數學邏輯有深刻認識的人，當然，還有一些人對這些方法感興趣，包括佈列斯威特和哈代。
