印度首超中國成全球FDI最大目的地

Despite China’s slowing growth and commensurate decrease in inward foreign direct investment, which has had a knock-on effect on regional flows, Asia-Pacific is clinging to its global FDI crown.

儘管中國經濟增速放緩且外商直接投資(FDI)相應下滑（這對地區投資流動產生了連鎖反應），但亞太地區仍蟬聯全球FDI冠軍。

The region soaked up 45 per cent of all greenfield investment globally in 2015, according to a report from fDi Intelligence, an FT data division. Foreign companies sited 3,883 greenfield investment projects in Asia-Pacific last year, totalling an estimated $302.5bn.

根據英國《金融時報》旗下數據部門fDi Intelligence的一份報告，2015年，亞太地區吸引了全球45%的綠地項目投資。去年，外國公司將3883個綠地投資項目設在亞太地區，據估計投資總額爲3025億美元。

Although the number of greenfield projects locating in Asia-Pacific last year declined 7 per cent from 2014’s tally, the total capital investment increased 29 per cent on the back of large increases in markets such as India, Indonesia and Pakistan.

儘管去年亞太地區的綠地項目數量較2014年減少7%，但資本投資總額增長29%，這得益於印度、印尼和巴基斯坦等國的大幅增長。

For the first time in many years, China was a laggard on regional FDI growth rather than an engine: it saw a 23 per cent decline in capital investment and a 16 per cent drop in FDI projects due to plateauing economic growth and rising costs.

中國多年來首次拖累地區FDI增長，而不再是增長引擎：受經濟增長趨緩且成本上升的影響，中國的資本投資下滑23%，FDI項目減少16%。

It was knocked off its pedestal by India, which supplanted China as the world’s top destination for capital investment thanks to a number of mega investments throughout the year.

把中國推下神壇的是印度，由於2015年全年大型投資項目很多，印度超過中國，成爲全球資本投資頭號目的地。

In the report, India comes out as the highest-ranked country by greenfield capital investment, with $63bn of FDI announced in 2015. Project numbers increased 8 per cent to 697, although that still trails China’s 789 projects.

在這份報告中，印度脫穎而出，摘得綠地項目資本投資排行榜的桂冠，2015年公佈的FDI投資高達630億美元。印度FDI項目數量增加8%，達到697個，儘管仍落後於中國的789個。

Capital investment into Indonesia climbed 130 per cent to $38.5bn as a result of multiple large projects in the metals, chemicals and energy sectors, while Pakistan saw a 147 per cent increase to $18.9bn thanks to major energy-sector investments.

流入印尼的資本投資增長130%，至385億美元，這得益於金屬、化工和能源行業的多個大型項目，同時，得益於能源行業的重大投資項目，巴基斯坦的資本投資增長147%，至189億美元。

Other Asian countries seeing growth were the Philippines (project numbers up 16 per cent) and Thailand (up 7 per cent). But FDI in Asia-Pacific is top-heavy, with the top three destination countries for capital investment — India, China and Indonesia — accounting for nearly half of all investment into the region.

其他資本投資出現增長的亞洲國家包括菲律賓（項目數量增加16%）和泰國（項目數量增加7%）。但亞太地區的FDI有些頭重腳輕，最大的三個目的地國家（印度、中國和印尼）佔流向亞太地區投資總量的近一半。

Meanwhile, a few pleasant surprises appeared in the FDI figures of previously struggling emerging Europe. The region encompassing Russia, the CIS countries and central, eastern and south-eastern Europe was the only world region to experience an increase in FDI across project numbers (+6 per cent), capital investment (+12 per cent) and jobs created through FDI (+13 per cent).

與此同時，一些之前步履維艱的歐洲新興國家的FDI數據帶來了一些驚喜。該地區包括俄羅斯、獨聯體國家以及中歐、東歐和東南歐，是全球唯一一個在項目數量（增加6%）、資本投資總額（增長12%）和通過FDI創造的就業數量（增加13%）都出現增長的地區。

Even though their FDI figures tracked downward in the first part of the year and despite geopolitical tensions swirling around both of them, Russia and Turkey closed the year with stronger than expected performances. Russia attracted 7 per cent of estimated capital investment into Europe, at $11.6bn, and project numbers recorded by fDi Intelligence for the country were 33 per cent greater than in 2014. Turkey attracted $5.8bn and saw a 47 per cent increase in project numbers year on year.

儘管去年上半年俄羅斯和土耳其的FDI數據出現下滑，而且兩國周邊都出現地緣政治緊張局勢，但兩國去年的最終表現好於預期。據fDi Intelligence估計，俄羅斯吸引的投資佔流入歐洲的資本投資總額的7%，達到116億美元，該國吸引的項目數量比2014年增加33%。土耳其吸引了58億美元的資本投資，項目數量同比增加47%。

TheMiddle East and Africa as a combined region remained flat, with a 6 per centincrease in project numbers into Africa balancing out decreases in the MiddleEast. Africa received 156 more projects than the Middle East, although theUnited Arab Emirates remained the top destination in the region by projectnumbers, accounting for nearly a quarter of the Middle East and Africa’s total.

作爲一個合併地區，中東和非洲在綠地投資方面與前一年持平，流入非洲的項目數量增加6%，抵消了中東項目數量的減少。非洲吸引的項目數量比中東多156個，儘管按照項目數量衡量，阿聯酋仍是該地區最大目的地，佔中東和非洲項目總量的近四分之一。

Egyptretained its position as the top destination by capital investment in theregion with $14.5bn recorded in 2015, despite a 19 per cent decrease in while, its project numbers increased 14 per cent.

埃及仍是該地區最大的資本投資目的地，2015年共吸引145億美元的投資，儘管資本支出減少19%。與此同時，該國項目數量增加14%。

LatinAmerica and the Caribbean was the worst performing region last year. Capitalinvestment declined to $70.2bn and project numbers dropped 13 per cent; and ofthe region’s top ten destination countries, only three — Chile, Bolivia andJamaica — enjoyed growth in capital investment. After an exceptionally difficultyear, Brazil managed to keep its capital investment levels flat with only a 0.2per cent decline, but project numbers fell 17 per cent.

拉美和加勒比地區是去年表現最差的地區。資本投資下滑至702億美元，項目數量減少13%；在該地區前10大目的地國家中，只有3個國家（智利、玻利維亞和牙買加）的資本投資出現增長。在經歷了格外艱難的一年後，巴西的資本投資總算與前一年持平，僅輕微下滑0.2%，但項目數量減少17%。

Globally,capital investment increased nearly 9% in 2015 to $713bn, but project numbersdeclined 7% to 11,930.

從全球來說，2015年的資本投資增長近9%，達到7130億美元，但項目數量減少7%，爲1.193萬個。