環保專家表示 年北京空氣質量有所改善
An improvement in Beijing’s air quality last year compared with 2014 may have had more to do with weather patterns than with a decline in emissions, environmental experts say.
環保專家表示，2015年北京的空氣質量相對於2014年有所改善，可能更多是因爲天氣模式，而非排放量下降。
The Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau said the average concentration of PM2.5 particles — used as a proxy for measuring air quality — at 81 microgrammes per cubic metre, was down 6 per cent from 2014’s average of nearly 86 microgrammes and 10 per cent from 90 in 2013. The World Health Organisation’s standard for safe air is an annual mean of 10 microgrammes.
北京市環保局表示，2015年空氣質量衡量指標PM2.5顆粒的平均濃度是每立方米81微克，比2014年近86微克的平均值降低了6%，比2013年90微克的平均值降低了10%。世界衛生組織(WHO)的空氣安全標準是年平均10微克。
The bureau said Beijing’s “number of days of most serious PM2.5 pollution is falling each year” but environmental experts pointed out that the city had declared its first two pollution red alerts — the highest level of danger — in December. A red alert triggers the closure of schools, restrictions on factory production and the removal of half the city’s vehicles from the roads.
北京市環保局表示，北京“PM2.5污染最嚴重的天數每年都在下降”，但環保專家指出，北京市在12月發佈了第一次和第二次空氣污染紅色預警，這是危險級別最高的預警。在紅色預警下，學校關閉、工廠生產受限，全市一半的車輛被禁止上路。
Ma Jun, an environmental campaigner and head of the Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs, said the capital’s air quality appeared to improve in the first 10 months of 2015 compared with the same period a year earlier.
公衆與環境研究中心(Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs)主任、環保活動人士馬軍表示，在2015年的頭10個月，北京空氣質量似乎較上年同期有所改善。
“But I’m not sure whether that’s the result of fewer emissions,” he said, noting that the deterioration in air quality in the final two months of the year “was due to wind and humidity”. Beijing’s air quality “is affected more by that of nearby regions than before,” he added.
“但我不確定這是否是排放量減少的結果，”他表示。他指出，北京空氣質量在2015年最後兩個月的惡化“是因爲風和溼度”。他還補充道，北京的空氣質量“比之前在更大程度上受到鄰近地區空氣質量的影響。”
Dong Liansai, a climate and energy campaigner with Greenpeace East Asia, said: “Air quality is far from an issue which affects only Beijing. Northeastern China, the central China plain, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and even southwestern cities such as Chengdu are severely affected by smog, and a number of red alerts have been in place in cities other than just Beijing.”
綠色和平(Greenpeace)東亞氣候和能源活動人士董連賽表示：“空氣質量問題絕非僅僅影響北京。中國東北、中部平原、北京-天津-河北地區，乃至成都等西南城市都受到了霧霾的嚴重影響，除北京之外的一些城市也發佈了數次紅色預警。”
Greenpeace announced in October that PM2.5 levels for China had dropped in the first three quarters of last year, but nearly 80 per cent of the 367 cities measured “still greatly exceed both national and international air quality standards”.
綠色和平2015年10月份宣佈，中國的PM2.5水平在2015年頭3個季度下降了，但在觀測的367個城市中，近80%的城市的空氣質量“仍然大幅超過國家和國際空氣質量標準”。
