“一帶一路”引入中國的那些食材
Originating in the Black Sea and the Mediterranean, the grape entered China from Dayuan, during the reign of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty (206 BC - AD 220). Dayuan was an ancient country in Ferghana valley in central Asia, which was famous for grapes, alfalfa, and ferghana horses.
葡萄最早產於黑海和地中海，在漢武帝時期由大宛傳入中國。大宛是中亞地區費爾干納谷地的一座古城，以盛產葡萄、苜蓿以及費爾干納寶馬聞名。The pomegranate originated in the region of modern-day Iran, and has been cultivated since ancient times throughout the Mediterranean region and northern India. The fruit was introduced to China during the Tang Dynasty (AD 618-907), and was considered an emblem of fertility and numerous progeny.
石榴產自如今伊朗所在的地區，自古就在地中海地區和印度北部地區培育種植，在唐代（公元618-907年）引入中國。石榴被看作多子多孫的象徵。Brought back by Zhang, the walnut is also known as the longevity fruit. It can warm and invigorate the body, and often serves as a key ingredient in Chinese pastries.
核桃由張騫帶入中國，也叫長壽果，能夠活血益氣，是中式糕點的重要原料。
Garlic is native to the region of southern Europe and central Asia. During the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 24), Zhang introduced the species in the onion genus, Allium, to China. During ancient times in China, foreign tribes were referred to as "Hu troops", so garlic was originally referred to as "Hu garlic".
蒜原產於南歐和中亞，屬洋蔥科蔥屬植物，在西漢時期，由張騫帶入中國。在古代中國，外國族羣都被稱爲“胡人”，所以，蒜最開始也被稱爲“胡蒜”。Coriander, known as cilantro or Chinese parsley, is native to the regions spanning from southern Europe to central Asia. Zhang brought the seeds of coriander into China, according to The Compendium of Materia Medica, an ancient Chinese book on herbology, which was written during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) by Doctor Li Shizhen.
香菜，也叫芫荽或中式西芹，原產於南歐到中亞的大片地區。據明代（1368-1644年）醫師李時珍所著《本草綱目》記載，是張騫將香菜種子帶入了中國。Cucumber is originally from South Asia, on the southern foot of the Qomolangma Mountain. However, in Zhang's time, the cucumber was known as the "Hu melon".
黃瓜原產於南亞，珠穆朗瑪峯南面的山腳地帶。在張騫所在的時代，黃瓜被稱爲“胡瓜”。
The alfalfa, also called lucerne, is an important forage crop in many countries around the world. According to the Records of the Grand Historian, by historian Sima Qian of the Han Dynasty, alfalfa was introduced into China from Dayuan following Zhang Qian's embassy.
苜蓿，也叫紫花苜蓿，是世界上很多國家重要的飼料作物。據漢代史學家司馬遷所著《史記》記載，苜蓿是在張騫出使之後，從大宛引進到中國的。Eggplant, originally domesticated in India and Southeast Asia, was brought into China during the Han Dynasty, and became a common vegetable in the Jin Dynasty (AD 265-420).
茄子原產於印度和東南亞，在漢代引入中國，在晉代（公元265-420年）成爲常見蔬菜品種。Sesame, introduced into China by Zhang, has many species, with most being wild and native to sub-Saharan Africa. Sesame indicum, the cultivated type which is edible, was originated in India.
芝麻由張騫帶入中國，品種繁多，多爲野生，原產於非洲撒哈拉沙漠以南地區。人工培育的可食用芝麻品種原產於印度。The hyacinth bean was originally grown in India, and brought into China between the Han and Jin dynasties.
扁豆原產於印度，在漢代和晉代時期引入中國。
