時尚雙語:比比爾·蓋茲更聰明大綱
I.Q. scores have been measured since 1916, when Alfred Binet developed his intelligence scale. He graduated the scale in the following way:
IQ Scores
130+ Very superior
120+ Superior
110+ Above average
99+ Average
80+ Below average
70+ Borderline
Less than 70 Extremely low.
Items included in IQ tests range from spatial awareness where you have to match patterns, to number sequences, and words. There is a free IQ testing site online.
IQ tests used to be standardized but now they are designed by many different organizations in an attempt to measure certain qualities in candidates. For example, Mensa, the High IQ Society, sets its own test which is very difficult in parts. One example of a Mensa question:
Take these letters:
C E I L M E R S S
Form two different 8 letter words from these letters. Each word must use all the letters.
Intelligence and personality have been combined to give sten and z-scores. These are often used by companies who want to recruit staff with particular traits and abilities.
Some very famous celebrities are know for their extremely high IQ level.
Bill Gates: Genius
Madonna 140
Al Gore 140
Hugh Hefner 152
Carol Vorderman 154
Bill Gates 160
Jill St. John 162
Jill St. John who claims the highest score on this list was a major American film actress during the 1960's and 1970's. Jill was admitted to the University of California at the age of 14.
Psychologists have estimated the IQ scores that some famous historical figures might have attained. This was done by looking at their work and their ideas and the way they put them together.
Leonardo da Vinci: Smarter than Bill Gates
George Washington 118
Napoleon Bonaparte 145
Albert Einstein 160
Charles Dickens 180
Michelangelo 180
Leonardo da Vinci 220
Leonardo da Vinci earns that massive score for his art but also for his helicopter concept . His solar power diagrams, calculator plans, and studies of plate techtonics. He had none of the modern day scientific equipment and he was way ahead of his time.
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自從1916年阿爾弗雷德·比奈（Alfred Binet）發明了智力量表，人類的智商就開始被測量。他把智商得分如下分類：
IQ 得分
130+ 非常出衆
120+ 出衆
110+ 平均之上
99+ 平均
80+ 平均之下
70+ 分界線
低於70的人智商極低
測量智商的測試範圍很廣，從要求你搭配圖案的空間意識到數字排序以及文字。這裏給大家一個免費的測試智商的網站。
過去智商測試都是統一標準化的，而今許多組織設計出各種不同的智商測試來衡量各種品質。比如，門薩這一高智商俱樂部就會設定自主測試，而這種考試的有些部分是非常難的。下面是門薩考題中的一個例子：
給出下列字母：
C E I L M E R S S
用以上字母，構成兩個完全不同的8字單詞。每個單詞必須使用所有單詞。
一個人的智商和個性已經與他是否能做出複雜的詞幹題和Z分數聯繫在一起。一些公司經常用這種方式來招募那些有特質、有能力的員工。
一些非常出名的名人以他們極高的智商著稱。
比爾·蓋茨：天才
麥當娜 140
阿爾·戈爾 140
休·海弗納 152
卡羅爾·沃德曼 154
比爾·蓋茨 160
吉爾·聖約翰 162
這個在榜單上位列首位的吉爾·聖約翰是19世紀六七十年代的美國電影男主角。他14歲就被加利福尼亞大學錄取。
心理學家對一些著名的歷史人物的智商進行了推測，依據是他們的成就和思想以及他們將思想賦予行動的方式。
萊昂納多·達·芬奇：比比爾蓋茨更聰明
喬治·華盛頓 118
拿破崙·波拿巴 145
艾伯特·愛因斯坦 160
查爾斯·狄更斯 180
米開朗基羅 180
萊昂納多·達·芬奇 220
萊昂納多·達·芬奇得分如此之高不僅因爲他在藝術上的成就，還因爲他對直升飛機的概念。他設計出太陽能圖表，擬定計算器計劃，還對板塊構造學(plate tectonics 此處應爲作者筆誤)頗有研究。在沒有當代科學設備的情況下，達芬奇的成就早已超越他所在的時代。
