機器人和真人 我們更願意相信誰(中)

No judgement

不作評判

People are more open with automated toolsbecause they believe computers don’t judge and thatthey’re more ethical, studies show.

研究顯示，人們更容易對自動化工具吐露心聲，因爲他們認爲電腦不會對自己作出評判，並且認爲電腦比人類更有道德。

26% of Canadian adults believed an unbiasedcomputer program would be more trustworthy and ethical than their workplaceleaders and mangers.

加拿大溫哥華的市場研究公司Intensions Consulting今年3月發佈的一項研究顯示，26%的加拿大成年人認爲，沒有偏見的電腦程序比職場領導者和管理者更值得信任，也更有道德。而在20至39歲的年輕羣體中，這一比例更是高達31%。

A study, released in March by Vancouver,Canada-based market research firm Intensions Consulting found that 26% ofCanadian adults believed an unbiased computer program would be more trustworthyand ethical than their workplace leaders and mangers. That number was evenhigher with younger adults —those aged 20 to 39 —at 31%.

該研究還發現，26%的加拿大人更願意讓沒有偏見的電腦程序負責篩選、招募以及評估他們的工作表現。該研究的聯合作者、未來學家尼克·拜德明頓(Nick Badminton)在新聞稿中表示：“人們正在對人類管理人員失去信任，其實理應如此。你應該信任誰？是有個人偏見和觀點的人類，還是充滿理性且不偏不倚的(人工智能)？”

The study also found that 26% of Canadianswould rather be screened, hired and have their job performance assessed by anunbiased computer program. Nick Badminton, a futurist and a co-author of thestudy, said in a release that “people are losing faith in human management, andrightly so. Who would you trust, a human with personal biases and opinions or arational and balanced (artificial intelligence)?”

26%的加拿大成年人認爲，沒有偏見的電腦程序比職場領導者和管理者更值得信任，也更有道德。

Lucas’s research asks that same question, butin a mental health context. She’s examined whether or not people with post-traumaticstress disorder disclose more personal information to a robot – in her case avirtual bot that looks human – than an actual doctor.

盧卡斯的研究也提出了相同的問題，但卻是從心理健康的背景出發。她希望瞭解，與醫生相比，創傷後應激障礙症患者是否會向機器人透露更多個人信息——她在研究中使用了像人類一樣的虛擬機器人。

The “virtual agent” that she helped createasks personal and probing questions, such as “Do you have any regrets?” and “Isthere anything you wish you didn’t remember?” In her study, participants weretold that they would either be talking to a computer or a human behind the scenes.

這些由她參與設計的“虛擬代理”會詢問一些探索性的個人問題，例如：“你有沒有遺憾？”“有沒有什麼事情是你想要忘記的？”在她的研究中，有的參與者被告知其溝通對象是電腦，其他人則被告知在與人類溝通。

In nearly every case, the people who weretold that they were taking to a computer revealed more details than the peoplewho thought they were talking to a human, Lucas said. She then asked theparticipants if they felt judged or if they were afraid that the human or thecomputer was going to negatively evaluate them. Those who thought they weretalking to a computer said no, the others said yes.

盧卡斯表示，幾乎在所有情況下，被告知與電腦溝通的參與者都會披露更多信息。她隨後詢問參與者，他們是否感覺自己被對方評判，或者是否擔心屏幕後面的人或電腦會對自己作出負面評價。被告知與電腦溝通的人給出了否定回答，其他人則給出了肯定回答。