【中考英語語法彙總】完形填空（二）

3．利用邏輯關係解題
利用邏輯關係是完型填空命題設計過程中用得較多的方法之一。解這類題目時需要我們多注意周圍生活常識、行文的脈絡及句子之間的轉承關係。

[例1]
The English language has now become an international language because it is widely used by most countries in the world, ____you want to do business with foreigners, you have to learn English, for most of them speak and write English.
A．As    B．If      C．So      D．Since
【解析】本段主要講述英語語言在世界上被廣泛地運用，後面一句是舉例說明。假如你想跟外國人做生意，你就必須學英文，因爲他們大多數人講英文。兩句句子是論點和論據的關係，論據部分用了假設的條件關係。因此，在理清句子之間的脈絡之後，很容易知道應選B。

[例2]
Western country music describes life. It talks about love, jobs, home and money. It talks about friends and enemies, farms and crops. People in many parts of the world like western country music ___b____ everyone knows something about these ideas.
【解析】我們中國人對於西方鄉村音樂還是有所瞭解的，它描述生活中的一些事情，如愛情，事業，家庭，朋友，農場，莊稼等，人們對鄉村音樂耳濡目染。本段的最後一句因與前文存在因果關係，因此填because。

[例3]
Sadly, it is very difficult for pandas to live in the world. Here are some of the_______ that pandas may have in the future. If hunters catch a panda, they will kill it for its fur. If farmers cut down trees and forests, pandas will have no place to live in.
A. examples       B. questions         C. matters         D. problems
【解析】根據下文people will kill pandas和pandas will have no place to live in可以判斷，這都是說明熊貓在將來可能面臨的問題。B選項questions只是表達一般的問題。D項最爲恰當。

[例4]
A month later, Mary hadn't heard from Peter or received any money, __s_____ she phoned him.
【解析】根據上文Mary hadn't heard from Peter和下文she phoned him可以判斷兩句之間存在着因果關係。因此填so。

4．利用語法和句型解題
這類題目主要考查學生在一定的語境中運用語法知識和識別句型的能力。由於學生對這類選項把握較大，因此這類題型的數量越來越少。

[例1]
The earth is our home. We must take care of it. Life today is easier than it was________ years ago, but it has brought some new problems.
A. hundred B. hundreds of C. hundred of D. hundreds
【解析】答案爲B。此句主要考查數詞的用法。表示具體幾百時，應是some hundred；表示成百上千時，則是hundreds of。

[例2]
Every day, standing at my information desk, I have to answer a lot of questions of the travelers coming from all ___o__ the world.
【解析】答案爲over。all over the world是一個最爲常見的固定搭配。

[例3]
Grandma Yang lives alone in our neighborhood. Her husband has been dead for eight years. Her only son lives and works in Britain. He asked her mother to go to Britain so that he can look ________her. But Grandma Yang won't go.
A. for B. around C. after D. care
【解析】look for意爲尋找；look around意爲向四周看；look after意爲照顧。根據上文He asked her mother to go to Britain這一提示我們可以知道兒子爲了是照顧媽媽，所以選C。

[例4]
April Fools' Day is on April l. People can play ___j____ on others on this special day. If you succeed, you usually laugh and say, “April Fool!”
【解析】根據文章意思，在4月1日愚人節這天，人們經常相互開玩笑。從語法角度看，play jokes on sb.是固定詞組。所以答案是jokes。

[例5]
Around the world, people have different ideas about what good manners are.
When you go to restaurants in different parts of the world, it's important to know the right and wrong things to do. For example, in China it's OK to ____1____ a lot of noise in a restaurant. In fact, if a restaurant isn't noisy and ____2____ ,you may think there's something wrong with it. However, in many western countries, restaurants are quiet places. If a table is too loud, other people who are eating there might even ____3____ to the owner of the restaurant.
Paving the bill is also different from country to country. In China, one person usually pays for ____4____ ．In western countries, one person pays if he or she is entertaining clients（宴請賓客）, but ____5____ friends eat together, they usually share the cost. This is called “going Dutch”（均攤費用）．Also, when westerners pay the bill, they usually leave some money for the waiter. This is called “leaving a tip”. Leaving a tip is thought to be polite. In the US, it's ____6____ to leave tips of 10%, 15%, or 20% of the bill, which is decided by how good the service is, Good waiters can make a lot of money!
The way people eat food is different in the world, but you can ____7_____ the same kinds of food in many countries. Chinese and Italian food, for example, is popular all over the world.
1. A. cause B. keep C. hear D. make
2. A. lively B. friendly C. lucky D. polite
3. A. shout B. explain C. complain D. peak
4. A. everybody B. nobody C. somebody D. none
5. A. until B. when C. unless D. since
6. A. terrible B. common C. serious D. unusual
7. A. invent B. discover C. prefer D. find
【解析】第一格選D，在不同國家有不同風俗習慣，根據我國特有的風俗習慣在餐廳都是吵吵鬧鬧的。make a noise是固定搭配。
第二格選A，事實上，如果在中國的餐廳不熱鬧那就意味着出事情了。lively也是表達活躍的氣氛，而BCD三個意思都不對。
第三格選C，根據上文論據in many western countries, restaurant are quiet places.和下文論點If a table is too loud（如果餐廳吵鬧），可以推斷出客人甚至可以向店主投訴。
第四格選A，按照中國風俗習慣在付費方面與西方人也不一樣，中國人常常一個人付所有人的錢。
第五格選B，這裏講述西方人在……情況下一個人付所有人的錢，在……情況下，他們是AA制。這裏句子之間存在狀語從句關係。因此，選B。
第六格選B，強調西方人付小費是比較常見的風俗習慣。unusual表達特殊的習慣。
第七格選D，雖然吃飯的風俗習慣不同，但是在不同國家卻能找到相同的食物。

[例6]
People often think Dimetrodon is a dinosaur(恐龍),but it was in fact _n_(1)_____ a dinosaur at all. It was one of the reptiles（爬蟲動物）on Earth during the _l_(2)_____ Permian（二疊紀）period.
It was a large reptile. It lived in swampy（沼澤的） areas and had a very funny _ f_(3)_____ ---a large sail(脊鰭)on its back. Dimetrodon was a (4) to warm up in the morning and cool off _q_(5)____ ——during the day with the help of its sail.
It's easy to distinguish（區分）a Dimetrodon _ f_(6)______ a dinosaur. Dimetrodon's legs were on the side of its body while dinosaurs had their legs under their bodies.
It probably ran very fast _a_(7)____ it was very heavy.
【解析】
第一格填not。根據前半句人們經常認爲是一種恐龍，但事實上它並不是，but表達轉折與前句的否定。
第二格填late。表達時間是很清楚的，這種動物在二疊紀時期的後期出現，所給首字母是l，而不是e。如果是早期出現，那麼應填early。
第三格填feather。本題所缺詞性爲名詞，講這種爬行動物的後背有一個大的脊鰭，這是講它的特徵。
第四、第五格分別填able和quickly。表達這種動物的脊鰭的作用：可以早上暖和，白天又很快地冷卻。Be able to是固定搭配。
第六格填from。從語法角度看，distinguish只能與from搭配。
第七格填although。上句It probably ran very fast和下句it was very heavy.推斷兩句爲轉折承讓關係。因此填although。