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2017下半年CATTI三級漢譯英試題詳解

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二、漢譯英部分:

2017下半年CATTI三級漢譯英試題詳解

本次筆譯實務考查的話題仍然爲當前中國經濟社會發展熱點話題,內容涉及氣候變化,生態文明以及中國相應的政策和舉措。該話題在中國政府工作報告,政府工作白皮書以及國際國內高峯會議上多由涉及。該話題也是各類翻譯訓練、輔導,平時訓練的重點,多數句型已經形成規範表達,專業術語也已經形成規範。對此話題,廣大考生應該並不感到陌生,應對起來不應感到困難。

原文及譯文

文本分析

氣候變化已不是單純的環境保護問題,而成爲人類生存與發展問題。中國需要改變以煤爲主的能源結構和高污染、高能耗的產業結構,以治理環境和應對全球氣候變化。

本句涉及多個專業術語表達,如“氣候變化(climate change)”、“環境保護(environmental protection)”、“高污染,高耗能(heavy pollution and high energy consumption)”。

另外,核心詞“應對”的翻譯可以有多個選擇,如“address, cope with, tacle”,甚至可以用“fight, combat.

從句法結構來看,原文的句法和結構相對完整,邏輯清晰,因此譯文可以按照原文斷句,無需重新組句。

 

To address climate change has become a major concern of the subsistence and development of mankind, rather than a simple issue of environmental protection. In an attempt to govern the environment and address global climate change, it is imperative for China to change its coal-dominated energy composition and the industrial structure featuring heavy pollution and high energy consumption.

同時,積極應對氣候變化也是中國參與全球治理的責任,也是實現可持續發展的迫切需要。中國作爲世界最大的發展中國家,需要積極推動經濟與能源的轉型,以推動全球可持續發展。

本句中的固定表達爲“全球治理(global governance)”、“可持續發展(sustainable development)”、“發展中國家(developing country)”、“經濟轉型(economic transformation)”

從句法上看,此處兩句合併翻譯成一句即可,核心意思是“對於中國這個世界最大的發展國家來說,要積極應對氣候變化以參與全球治理,同時推動經濟與能源轉型以促進全球可持續發展”。也可分開翻譯,以求譯文簡潔,清晰。

 

Meanwhile, to proactively cope with climate change is both an international duty for China to participate in global governance and an urgent need to achieve sustainable development. As the largest developing country in the world, China also calls for a positive transformation in economic drive and energy consumption so as to promote a sustained global economic development.

長期以來,中國高度重視氣候變化問題,把積極應對氣候變化作爲國家經濟社會發展的重大戰略,把綠色低碳發展作爲生態文明建設的重要內容,採取了一系列行動,爲應對全球氣候變化做出了重要貢獻。

“高度重視”的固定表達爲“attach great importance to...”;“重大戰略”爲“significant/major strategy”。

專業化表達“綠色低碳發展”可譯爲“green and low-carbon development

“生態文明”譯爲“ecological civilization”。

“爲……作出貢獻”譯爲“contribute...to.../make contribution to...”。

本句包含的語義較多,且相互關聯度不高,建議採取“拆分”的手法,譯成兩句話。

For a long time, China unwaveringly attaches great importance to addressing clime change, making it a significant national strategy for its social and economic development and promoting green and low-carbon development as an important component of the ecological civilization. China has already taken a series of actions and made great contribution to combating the global climate change.

2020年單位國內生產總值二氧化碳排放比2005年下降40%-45%,非化石能源佔一次能源消費總量的比重達到15%,森林面積比2005年增加4000萬公頃,森林蓄積量2005年增加13億立方米。

本句中的術語表達較爲專業,且不易從詞典上查到,如“國內生產總值二氧化碳排放量(carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP)”、“非化石能源(non-fossil fuels)”和“一次能源消費(primary energy consumption)”需要經過專門學習開可以準確翻譯。

另外需要注意“增長/下降”百分比的表達方式爲“increase/decrease by ~%”。

By 2020, China will have reduced its carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40% to 45% on the basis of its 2005 level, increased the share of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to 15% and enlarged its forest area by 40 million hectares and forest stock volume by 1.3 billion cubic meters.

中國還將在農業、林業、水資源等重點領域和城市、沿海、生態脆弱地區形成有效抵禦氣候變化風險的機制,提高抵抗能力。

本句中的專業詞語爲“重點領域”,可譯爲“key areas”或“major sectors”,“生態脆弱地區”可譯爲“eco-fragile areas/zones”,也可用描述的語句如“areas which is vulnerable to....

從句法上講,本句的核心成分是:中國(在……領域)形成(……)機制,和提高抵抗能力。

China will also work hard to develop an effective mechanism and enhance its capacities to cope with climate change risks in some key areas such as agriculture, forestry, water resources as well as in some cities, coastal areas and eco-fragile zones.