英語音標發音表讀法講解

元音字母

讀音

例詞

a

在開音節中

[ei]

name plane Jane baby cake

在閉音節中

[?]

bag dad hat map black back

e

在開音節中

[i:]

he these me Chinese

在閉音節中

[e]

bed let pen desk yes egg

i

在開音節中

[ai]

bike fly drive time nice kite

在閉音節中

[i]

fish big drink sit milk swim

o

在開音節中

[ou]

those close go hoe home no

在閉音節中

[]

clock not box shop sock

u

在開音節中

[ju:]

student excuse duty Tuesday

在閉音節中

[]

bus cup jump much lunch

在開音節中，元音字母u在輔音字母j l r s後面時讀[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super

元音字母

讀音

例詞

a

[]

Chinaanother woman breakfast

[i]

orange comrade village cabbage

e

[]

hundred student open weekend

[i]

chicken pocket begin children

i

[]/[i]

holiday beautiful family animal

[ai]

exercise satellite

o

[]

second tonight somebody welcome

[u]

alsozerophoto

u

[]

autumn diffcult

[ju:]

popular congratulation January

1動詞中的a如果處在開音節位置，a讀[ei]音，例如：operate2u處在開音節位置，

又在輔音字母j l r s後面時，讀[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue

元音字母

讀音

例詞

a在[w]音後面

[]

want what watch wash quality

a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前

[α:]

after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father

i在-nd -ld和gh前

[ai]

find child light high

o在-st -ld前

[ou]

most postcard old cold

o在m n v th前

[]

come monkey love mother

元音字組

讀音

例詞

ar
ar在[w]音後面

[α:]

car farm dark sharpener

[:]

warm quarter towards

or
or在[w]音後面

[:]

forty morning short

[:]

word worker worse

er ir ur

[:]

certainly bird Thursday

輔音字母r雙寫時，前面的元音字母不能與r構成-r音節,而是按重讀閉音節的拼讀規則發音。例如：carry sorry hurry

-r音節在非重讀音節中通常讀[]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday

元音字組

讀音

例詞

are

[ε]

care dare hare

ere

[i]

here mere

ire

[ai]

fire hire wire

ore

[:]

more score before

ure

[ju]

pure cure

　　are ere ire ore很少出現在非重讀音節中，ure在非重讀音節中讀[]音，例如：picture pleasure

　　重讀元音字母加Rr，再加非重讀元字組時，重讀元音字母應按-re音節拼讀規則拼讀，字母Rr讀[r]音。例如：parent zerostoryduring inspiring

　　某些常用詞及多音節詞經常出現長音短化現象。例如：orange very American paragraph

元音字組

讀音

例詞

ai/ay

[ei]

afraid rain wait day play

air

[ε]

air hair chair pair repair

al

al在f m前

[]

small ball talk wallall

[:l]

always also salt almost

[α:]

half calm

au/aw

[:]

autumn daughter draw

ea

[i:]

teach easy cheap please

[e]

heavy bread sweater weather

[ei]

break great

ear

[i]

heardearnearclearyear

[ε]

bearpearwearswear

[:]

earth learnearly

ee

[i:]

jeep week green three

eer

[i]

pioneer deer beer

ei/ey

[ei]

eight neighbour they

[i:]

eitherkey

eu/ew在
j l r s後

[ju:]

new few newspaper

[u:]

flewbrewjewelry

ie/ei[s]音之後

[i:]

piece field receive

oa

[ou]

coat Joan boat goal

oar/oor

[:]

roarboard doorfloor

oi/oy

[i]

noise point boy toilet

oo

[u:]

broom food tooth school

[u]

book look cook foot good

ou/ow

[au]

flower house count down

[ou]

knowrowthrowthough

[]

young country enough

[u:]

group yousoup

our

[:]

course yourfour

[au]

ourhourours

[:]

journey

ui
在j l r s後

[ju:i]

fluid suicide tuition

[u:]

juice fruit suit

元音字組或字羣

讀音

例詞

ai/ay ei/ey

[i]

Sundayforeign monkey

ow

[ou]

yellowsparrowtomorrow

元音字組在非重讀音節中讀[]音或[i]。例如:neighbourserious famous biscuit coffee

-sion -tion

[n]

impressionnation

-sion在元音字母后

[n]

visiondecisionoccasion

-tion在s後

[n]

questionsuggestion

-sten

[sn]

listen

-stle

[sl]

whistle

-sure

[]

pleasuremeasure

-ture

[]

pictureculture

複合詞中的第二部分不標註重音符號，但其中的元音字母或元音字組仍按重讀音節拼讀規則拼讀。
例如：　　everyday[ei]　　handbag[?]　　blackboard[:]

　　有些詞隨着語言的發展，前後兩部分已失去其單獨存在的意義，融合成爲一個詞。其中的非重讀部分要按非重讀音節的讀音規則發音。
例如：
　　sun太陽+ day[ei]日子＞Sunday[i]星期天
　　holy神聖+ day[ei]日子＞holiday[i]假日
　　break中斷+ fast[α:]齋戒＞breakfast[]早餐
　　cup茶杯+ board木板[:]＞cupboard[]碗櫃

輔字組

讀音

例詞

b

[b]

bikebusbag

[/]

bomb tomb

c
c在e前或在i/y前

[k]

cake picturecoat music

[s]

face decidecinema

ch

[]

muchchick richteacher

[k]

school headachechemistry

[]

machineChicago

-ck

[k]

cockpocket blackknock

d

[d]

doctor breadhandday

-dge

[]

bridgefridge

dr-

[dr]

childrendriverdrink

f

[f]

fivefour breakfast

g
g在e i/y前

[]

baggardongo

[]

orange largeGerman

gh

[f]

coughenough

[/]

light daughter high

gu- -gue
gu在非重讀音節中

[]

guess leaguedialogue

[w]

language anguish

h

[h]

hotheadhousehand

[/]

hour honest

j

[]

jeepjarjokejoinJuly

k

[k]

kind bike skate make week

kn-

[n]

knifeknowknock

l

[l]

life milk schooltall

m

[m]

monkey come autumn

-mn

[m]

autumncolumnsolemn

n
n在[k] [g]音前

[n]

not shine tennote

[]

uncle thank hungry

-ng

[]

morningyoungwrong

p

[p]

paperplanepig shippen

ph

[f]

elephantphoto telephone

q

[k]

Iraq

qu-

[kw]

qualityquite

r

[r]

redrubberruler

s在詞首或清輔音前
元音字母間或濁輔音前

[s]

sitsleep desk

[z]

music husband

sc-

[sk]

scarlet

[s]

musclescience

sh

[]

she fish shirt wash

t在通常情況下
在弱讀字母ia ie io前

[t]

ten letter meet

[]

patient nation

tch

[]

watch

th在通常情況下
在冠詞代詞介詞連詞中
在詞尾-the -ther中

[θ]

thinthirty method

[]

thethese withthan

[]

clothe father weather

tr-

[tr]

treetrain countrytruck

v

[v]

veryvoice love leave

w

[w]

weekwinwake sweetwait

[/]

answer two

wh-
wh-在字母o前

[w]

whatwhenwhitewhy

[h]

whowhosewhole

x
在重讀元音前

[ks]

boxtext exercise

[gz]

examle exist exact

wr-

[r]

write

y-

[j]

yesyardyellowyoung

z

[z]

puzzlezerozoo

1．音節 以元音爲主體構成的發音單位，一般說來元音發音響亮，可以構成音節，輔音發音不響亮，不能單獨構成音節（[m] [n] [] [l]例外）。從單詞拼寫形式上看，有幾個元字組就有幾個音節。

2．音節的劃分 ①在兩個音節的相鄰處有兩個輔字組時，一個輔字組屬於前面的音節，一個屬於後面的音節。
例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter
②在兩個音節的相鄰處只有一個輔字組時，如果前面音節裏的元音是長音則輔字組屬於後面一個音節，如果前面一個音節裏的元音是短音，則輔字組屬於前面一個音節。
例如：長音pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther
　　　短音sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er

3．重讀音節 單詞中讀音特別響亮的音節。用音標標記雙音節、多音節詞的讀音時，應使用重讀符號。單音節詞多數是重讀音節，標記讀音時不需要使用重讀符號。

4．開音節 ①絕對開音節：單個元音字母后面沒有輔字組的重讀音節。例如：no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret.
②相對開音節：單個元音字母后面加單個輔音字母，再加一個不發音字母e構成的重讀音節。例如：namethesebikehomeex-cuse.

5．閉音節 單個元音字母后面有輔字組（r w y除外）且以輔字組結尾的重讀音節。例如：bageggfishnotcup

6．雙音節詞重讀規則 雙音節詞的第一個音節通常是重讀音節。
例如：′stu-dent′Chi-na′sec-ond′au-tumn in-′deed
含有a- be- de- re- in- ex-等前綴的雙音節詞往往是在第二個音節上重讀。雙音節詞的重讀位置不會因增加前綴或後綴而發生改變。例如：
a′bout be′fore ex′cuse re′pair for-′get-ful in-′ven-tor

7．多音節詞重讀規則 多音節詞通常在倒數第三個音節重讀。
例如：′el-e-phant con-grat-u-′la-tion
詞尾有-ic或-tion,-sion的詞，在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一個音節上重讀。例如：scien′tific im′pression