不定式作結果狀語與現在分詞作結果狀語的區別

不定式作結果狀語大家較爲熟悉，尤其是在下列常見的句型中：

1. Would you be so kind as to lend me your new bike ?

2. The ice is thick enough to walk on.

3. That’s much too heavy for you to lift.

此外，不定式在表示一個隨後發生的動作時，這個不定式短語的功能也是結果狀語。不定式做結果狀語通常表示的是一個未曾料到的不愉快的結果。如以下例句：

4. He got home to learn that his father was ill.

有時爲了強調，可以在不定式短語前加only。

5. Tom got to the station only to find the train had gone.

6. Marry hurried back only to find her mother dying in the hospital.

作爲結果狀語的現在分詞短語所表示的都是謂語動詞的直接結果，是意料中的結果。如以下例句：

7. His parents died, leaving him an orphan. “他成爲孤兒”是“父母雙亡”是直接結果。

8. It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country. “洪水氾濫”是“大雨滂沱”後意料中的結果。

9. He cut off the electricity quickly, preventing an accident. “防止了事故”是“切斷電源”的直接結果。

10. He watered the flowers in the garden more often, only making things worse. “園中花木反而更糟”是 “澆水過勤過多”的自然而然的結果。