初中英語語法介詞
介詞在英文中是一種虛詞，在英語裏面的使用頻率非常高。下面是本站小編爲你整理的初中英語的介詞語法，希望大家喜歡!
(一)表示時間的介詞：
, in ，on
(1) at表示“在某一時刻、某一時點”
(2)in表示“在某月、季節、年、世紀”以及泛指的上、下午、晚上。
in September in winter in 1999 in the 20th century
in the morning/afternoon/evening
(3)on表示“在具體某一天或某天的上、下午”。泛指上、下午、晚上、夜間時用in the morning/afternoon/evening, at night;但若指具體某一天的上述時段時，則一律用on。
on Monday on April 1st
On the afternoon of May 23.
, since, for
(1) from表示“等時間的起點”。
You can come anytime from Monday to Friday. 週一至週五你什幺時間來都行。
The exam will start from 9:00am. 考試將從上午九點開始。
(2) since表示“自從……以來(直到現在)”
He has been away from home since 1973. 他自從1973年就離開了家鄉。
We have known each other since ten years ago.我們十年前就認識了。
(3) for 與since表示一段時間，但for與時間段連用，而since與時間點連用。
for two hours since last week
r, in, within
(1) after表示“在……之後”，是before的反義詞。
We’ll hold a party after dinner. 晚餐後我們將舉辦晚會。
He got a cancer and died after a year. 他患了癌症，一年後去世了
(2) within“在……時間之內”
I can finish it within an hour. 我不需一小時就可把它做完。
(3) in 後面接過去的時間點表過去，若後面接一段時間，則表示“在……時間之後”
I was born in 1983.我出生於1983年。
My father will come back in three days.我爸爸將會在3天后回來。
(二)表示“地點、方向”的介詞：
, outside between, among
(1) in表示“在……裏面”，如：
What’s in the box? 盒子裏是什麼?
She put her book in the desk. 她把書放進了書桌。
(2) outside指“在……外面”
There are many people outside the room. 房間外有很多人。
What did your see outside the hall? 你在大廳外看見了什麼?
(3) between在……之間(指二者)
There is a hospital between the hotel and the post office. 在賓館與郵局之間有所醫院。
The building stands between the park and the small river. 那棟建築位於公園和小河之間。
④among在……之間(指三者以上)
“There is a thief among you.” The policeman shouted to the crowd. 警察向人羣喊道：“你們中間有個小偷!
He found his place among the crowd. 他在人羣中找到了他的位置。
, above, over, below, under
(1) on在……上面，表面相互接觸。
There is an apple on the table. 桌上有一個蘋果。
On the top of the hill, there is a flag. 山頂有一面旗子。
(2) above只表示“在……上方或位置高出……”，與below相對。
A plane flew above our heads. 一架飛機從我們頭上飛過。
The Turners live above us. 特納一家人住在我們的上面。
(3) over“在……正上方”，與under相對。
There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座橋。
The picture is hanging over the blackboard. 那張圖掛在黑板的正上方。
(4) below在……下方，低於……
There are many flowers below the window. 窗下有很多花。
Her skirt reaches just below her knees. 她的裙子剛到膝蓋下。
(5) under在……正下方
They sat under a big tree, drinking. 他們坐在一棵大樹下喝酒。
What are you wearing under your coat? 你外套裏面穿了什麼?
, by, beside
(1) near在……附近，與far相對
A hospital was built near the railway station.在火車站附近建了一所醫院。
My home is near he school. 我的家離學校很近。
(2) by = beside,靠近，在……旁邊，比near距離更近
He just sat by/ beside me in the cinema.在電影院他就坐在我旁邊。
He lay down beside the statuary. 他在雕像旁躺下了。
front of, in the front of , behind, around
(1) in front of在……前面 , in the front of表示“在……前部”，指裏面。
A river flows in front of the house.房子前有一條河
They put a bunch of flowers in front of the door. 他們在門前放了一束花。
There is a red chair in the front of the room.
在房間前半部有把紅椅子。
(2) behind在……後面
A high building stands behind the village.村子後面有一高層建築。
The cat lies behind the door. 貓躺在門後面。
(3) around在……周圍，圍繞
There are many trees around the village.村子周圍有很多樹圍繞。
There are flowers around the stage. 舞臺周圍擺着鮮花。
g, across, through
(1) along沿着
He likes to drive along the river.他喜歡沿着河開車。
There are all kinds of beautiful flowers along the road street. 沿街有着各種美麗的花。
(2) across橫穿
The little girl is afraid to go across the street.這個小女孩不敢橫穿馬路。
It’s dangerous to run across the busy road. 跑着穿越繁忙的馬路是很危險的。
(3) through穿過
It took us ten minutes to drive through the tunnel.開車穿過這條隧道花了我們10分鐘時間。
He pushed his way through the crowd to the platform. 他從人羣裏擠到了站臺。
, in
二者都表示“在某個地方”，但at多指較小的地方，如車站、家等，而in多指在“大地方”，如城市、國家、大洲等。(但大小有時也是相對的)。
He lives at No.27 Zhongshan street in Nanjing.他住在南京市中山路27號。
The plane will arrive in Beijing at 13:00. 飛機將於13點到達北京。
英語介詞口訣詳解1早、午、晚要用 in
例：in the morning 在早上
in the afternoon 在下午
in the evening 在晚上
in the day 在白天
2at 黎明、午、夜、點與分
例: at dawn, at daybreak 在黎明時候
at noon 在中午
at night 在夜間
at midnight 在午夜
以上短語都不用冠詞
at six o'clock 在6點鐘
at 7：30 (seven thirty) 在7點半
at half past eleven 在11點半
at nine fifteen 在9點15 分
at ten thirty a.m. 在上午10點30分也可以寫成 seven to five 5點差7分(半小時以上)
five minutes after two 2點過5分
at a quarter to two 1點45分
at the weekend 在週末
3年、月、年月、季節、周
即在“某年”，在“某月”，在“某年某月” (但在某年某月某日則用 on)，在四季，在第幾周等都要用 in。
例：
in 1986 在1986 年
in 1927 在1927 年
in April 在四月
in March 在三月
in December, 1986 1986年12月
in July, l983 1983年7月
in spring 在春季 in summer 在夏季
in autumn 在秋季 in winter 在冬季
in the fist week of this semester 這學期的第一週
in the third week 在第三週
4陽光、燈、影、衣、冒 in，即在陽光下，在燈下，在樹陰下，穿衣、着裝、冒雨等都要用 in。
例：Don't read in dim light. 切勿在暗淡的燈光下看書。
They are reviewing their lessons in the bright light. 他們在明亮的燈光下複習功課。
They are sitting in the shade of a tree. 他們坐在樹陰下乘涼。
a prisoner in irons 帶着鐐銬的囚犯
He went in the rain to meet me at the station. 他冒雨到車站去接我。
The poor dressed (clothed) in rags in old society. 舊社會窮人們衣衫襤褸。
以及：in the bright sunlight 在明亮的陽光下
a merchant in disguise 喬裝的商人
the woman in white (black, red, yellow) 穿着白(黑、紅、黃)色衣服的婦女
in uniform 穿着制服
in mourning 穿着喪服
in brown shoes 穿着棕色鞋
in his shirt sleeves 穿着襯衫
5將來時態 in … 以後
例: They will come back in 10 days. 他們將10天以後回來。
I'll come round in a day or two. 我一兩天就回來。
We'll be back in no time. 我們一會兒就回來。
Come and see me in two days' time. 兩天後來看我。(從現在開始)
After … (從過去開始)
6小處 at 大處 in
例：Li and I arrived at Heishan county safe and sound, all is well. Don't worry.
李和我平安地到達黑山縣，一切很好，勿念。
I live in a great city (big city), my sister lives at a small town while my parents live at a village. 我住在大城市，我姐姐住在一個小城鎮，而我的父母則住在農村。
I'm in Liaoning, at Anshan. 我住在遼寧省鞍山市.
有形 with 無形 by，語言、單位、材料 in
例：The workers are paving a road with stone. 工人們正用石子鋪路。(有形)
The teacher is correcting the paper with a new pen. 這位教師正用一支新筆批改論文。(有形)
“Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy”is a good opera. <<智取威虎山>>是—出好戲。(無形)
The product is separated by distillation into gasoline and gas oil. 這種產品是用蒸餾分離出汽油和粗柴油。(表示方式、手段、方法——無形)
I really can't express my idea in English freely in-deed.
我確實不能用英語流利地表達我的思想。(表示某種語言用 in)
I wrote a novel in Russian. 我用俄語寫了一本小說。(同上)
The kilometer is the biggest unit of length in the metric system.
公里是米制中最長的長度單位。(表示度、量、衡單位的用 in )
The length is measured in meter, kilometre, and centimetre.
長度是以米、公里、釐米爲單位來計算的。(同上)
This board was cast in bronze not in gold. 這個牌匾是銅鑄的，不是金鑄的。
7特徵、方面與方式、心情、成語慣用 in
特徵或狀態：
例: The Democratic Party was then in power. 那時民主黨執政。
They found the patient in a coma. 他們發現病人處於昏迷狀態。
He has not been in good health for some years. 他幾年來身體一直不好。
Many who came in despair went away in hope. 許多人帶着絕望情緒而來，卻滿懷希望而去。
The house was in ruins. 這房屋成了廢墟。
The poor girl was in tears. 這個貧苦女孩淚流滿面。
Her clothes were in rags. 她的衣服穿破了。
His shoes were in holes. 他的鞋穿出窟窿了。
I only said it in fun. 我說這話只是開玩笑的。
She spoke in grief rather than in anger. 與其說她講得很氣憤，不如說她講得很傷心。
8還有一些短語也用 in，如：in jest 詼諧地，in joke 開玩笑地，in spite 惡意地， in fairness 公正地，in revenge 報復, in mercy 寬大，in sorrow 傷心地等。
His mind was in great confusion. 他腦子裏很亂。
Today everybody is in high spirits and no one is in low ebb.
今天大家都興高采烈，沒有一個情緒低落的。
She and her classmates are in flower ages. 她和她的同學都正值妙齡。
The campaign was in full swing. 運動正值高潮中。
方面：
例：We accepted the item in principle. 我們在原則上接受了這個條款。
They are never backward in giving their views. 他們從來不怕發表自己的意見。
The backward area has achieved self-sufficient in grain.
這個落後的地區在糧食方面已能自給。
A good teacher must be an example in study. 一個好的教師必須是學習的模範。
方式：
例：All the speeches were taken down in shorthand. 所有報告都用速記記錄下來了。
The Party has always educated us in the spirit of patriotism and internationalism.
黨一貫以愛國主義和國際主義精神教育我們。
9如下成語慣用 in
例：in all 總計
in advance 事前
in the meantime 與此同時
in place 適當地
in hopes of(或 in the hope of) 懷着……希望
10“介詞 at、to 表方向，攻擊、位置、善惡、分”
介詞 at 和 to 都可以表示方向; 用 at 表示方向時，側重於攻擊的目標，往往表示惡意;用to 表示方向時，突出運動的位置或動作的對象，側重表示善意。
試比較下列各句：
1. came at me. 她向我撲過來。
came to me. 她向我走過來。
ran at John. 傑克向約翰撲過去。
ran to John. 傑克朝約翰跑去。
3.A. He rushed at the woman with a sword. 他拿着劍向那婦女撲過去。
B. He rushed to the woman with a sword. 他帶着劍向那婦女跑過去。
shouted at the old man. 他大聲喝斥那老人。
B. He shouted to the old man. 他大聲向那老人說。
5.A.I heard her muttering at Xiao Li. 我聽見她在抱怨小李。
B.I heard her muttering to Xiao Li. 我聽見她在同小李低聲說話。
6.A. She talked at you just now. 她剛纔還說你壞話呢。
talked to you just now. 她剛纔還同你談話呢.
threw a bone at the dog. 她用一塊骨頭砸狗。
threw a bone to the dog. 她把一塊骨頭扔給狗吃。
presented a pistol at me. 他用手槍對着我。
presented a pistol to me. 他贈送我一支手槍。
常用介詞的用法1. 在…的前面
in front of (範圍外的前面)
in the front of (在範圍內的前面)
There is a river ________ my house.
我家前面有一條河。
There is a blackboard ___ our classroom .
教室前面有一塊黑板。
2.在樹上
on the tree 強調樹上長出的東西 (蘋果，橘子)
in the tree 外來物體(人，鳥，風箏)
There are some birds _____ the tree.
樹上有一些鳥。
There are some apples _______ the tree.
樹上有一些蘋果。
3.時間表達：
in + 某月 / 某季節 / 某年 (時間長)
on + 某天 (中)
at + 具體幾點幾分 (短)
固定短語： in the morning / afternoon / evening
at night, at noon
練習： __January , __ summer, ___ 2014
______ Sunday, ___ March 4th, ___ March
___ _ Sunday morning,_____ the morning
_______ the morning of June 5th
_______ 6:30, ____ night, __ noon
4.在牆上
on the wall
在牆壁表面 (相片photo，圖畫picture)
in the wall
在牆壁的裏面 (門door, 窗戶window )
(1)There is a photo of my family
_______ the wall.
(2)There are two doors ______ the wall.
5. 在…之上
on： 在…的表面之上(物體之間有接觸)
over: 在…的正上方(物體沒有接觸)
above 高於......;
在......之上”，多指在相對較高位置
(1)There is a book ______ the desk.
書桌上有一本書。
(2)There is a bridge ______ the river.
河上有一座橋。
(3)The plane flies ______the clouds(雲).
飛機在雲層上飛行。
6.地點表達法
(1)in 後接較大的地方
如： in Beijing, in China.
(2)at 後接較小的地方
如： at the railway station, at the bus stop
(3)on 常用於一些習慣用語
on a farm 在農場 on the earth 在地球上
on earth 究竟
at home, at school, at the back of ,
at the back of the classroom
At the end of the street,
at the second crossing
