2018年12月英語四級考試真題測試（4）含答案

2018年12月英語四級考試時間：12月15日。爲了幫助廣大的考生們備考複習，小編整理了英語四級真題的相關信息，希望對參加英語四級考試的同學有所幫助。

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

Energy independence. It has a nice ring to it. Doesn’t it? If you think so, you’re not alone, because energy independence has been the dream of American president for decades, and never more so than in the past few years, when the most recent oil price shock has been partly responsible for kicking off the great recession.

“Energy independence” and its rhetorical (修辭的) companion “energy security” are, however, slippery concepts that are rarely though through. What is it we want independence from, exactly?

Most people would probably say that they want to be independent from imported oil. But there are reasons that we buy all that old from elsewhere.

The first reason is that we need it to keep our economy running. Yes, there is a trickle(涓涓細流)of biofuel(生物燃料)available, and more may become available, but most biofuels cause economic waste and environmental destruction.

Second, Americans have basically decided that they don’t really want to produce all their own oil. They value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad. Vast areas of the United States are off-limits to oil exploration and production in the name of environmental protection. To what extent are Americans really willing to endure the environmental impacts of domestic energy production in order to cut back imports?

Third, there are benefits to trade. It allows for economic efficiency, and when we buy things from places that have lower production costs than we do, we benefit. And although you don’t read about this much, the United States is also a large exporter of oil products, selling about 2 million barrels of petroleum products per day to about 90 countries.

There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and, in fact, relies on that steady flow to maintain its economy. When that flow is interrupted, we feel the pain in short supplies and higher prices, At the same time, we derive massive economic benefits when we buy the most affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world.

注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。

61. What does the author say about energy independence for America?

A) It sounds very attractive.

B) It ensures national security.

C) It will bring oil prices down

D) It has long been everyone’s dream.

62. What does the author think of biofuels?

A) They keep America’s economy running healthily.

B) They prove to be a good alternative to petroleum.

C) They do not provide a sustainable energy supply.

D) They cause serious damage to the environment.

63. Why does America rely heavily on oil imports?

A) It wants to expand its storage of crude oil.

B) Its own oil reserves are quickly running out.

C) It wants to keep its own environment intact.

D) Its own oil production falls short of demand.

64. What does the author say about oil trade?

A) It proves profitable to both sides.

B) It improves economic efficiency.

C) It makes for economic prosperity.

D) It saves the cost of oil exploration.

65. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?

A) To justify America’s dependence on oil imports.

B) To arouse Americans’ awareness of the energy crisis.

C) To stress the importance of energy conservation.

D) To explain the increase of international oil trade.

【參考答案】  

解析：61、A 此題並非主旨題，按順序原則及題幹信息定位首段。 “If you think so, you’re not alone”表明作者持有同樣想法，答案往“so”前面找——“Energy independence. It has a nice ring to it, doesn’t it?” have a nice ring to sth.表示“聽起來不錯，令人嚮往”的意思，選項A的attractive是其同義改寫。即使不瞭解短語，根據nice可判斷正態度，答案選A。

解析：62、D 由題幹信息biofuels定位在第四段落。定位句本身出現but強調：“but most biofuels are a Faustian bargain, causing economic waste and environmental destruction. ”but後面的強調纔是作者對於biofuels的真正想法——causing economic waste and environmental destruction。選項中AB選項均爲正態度，與原文不符直接排除。原文中C選項爲干擾選項，“可持續的能源供給”，文章未提及。

解析：63 、C 按照閱讀出題的“順序原則”直接看到下一段(第五段)。首句“Americans have basically decided that they don’t really want to produce all their own oil. ”美國人不願意自己產油，是63題題幹信息當中“…America rely on heavily on oil imports”的同義改寫。根據“金三句原則”定位到定位句的下一句“the American people…decided that they value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad. ” 相比從國外進口石油，美國人更看重環境質量，由此判斷，答案選C——“keep environment intact”。

解析：64、A 根據定位詞oil trade以及順序原則定位到文章最後一段。根據文章主旨和前文內容，或者是根據定位段信息可知“United States imports a great of energy”，讓能源輸出國有利可圖，而同時“At the same time”，美國本身也有自身利益——“we derive massive economic benefits…when we engage in energy trade around the world.”，答案選A——“It proves profitable to both sides”。

解析：65、A 問作者寫作意圖，即問全文主旨。根據各段首句以及串聯五個題幹信息可得知，文章主要討論“America”的“energy independence”，就可以直接排除BCD選項了。爲做題保險，還要進一步確認。由文章末端的結尾“At the same time, we derive massive economic benefits…when we engage in energy trade around the world.” 可得知作者態度還是站在“oil imports”這一邊的，因爲可以得到“massive economic benefits”，所以作者還是在爲“oil imports”而申辯的。答案選A。

好了，以上是小編整理的英語四級真題的閱讀理解部分（不含聽力與作文）。做閱讀理解時，建議大家多出揣測出題者的意圖，仔細比較選項之間的細微差別，這樣才能提高準確率。如果自學吃力，不妨試試專業老師的指導，早日拿下四級。

備考課程推薦：【Uni智能】大學英語四級高效備考班