雅思寫作備考常犯的錯誤

雅思考試分爲留學類和普通培訓類A類和G類在寫作方面有所不同，但兩者均由任務1和任務2組成，總時間均爲60分鐘。今天我們在這裏爲大家整理了雅思寫作備考常犯的錯誤，希望能夠對大家有所幫助。

TASK 1要求考生在20分鐘內完成至少150詞的寫作任務;TASK 2要求考生在40分鐘內完成至少250詞的寫作任務。A類TASK 1考試內容爲曲線圖、表格或圖表，而G類TASK 1考信件(索取信息或說明信息);就TASK 2而言，A類和G類的考試內容都是針對一個看法、論點或問作答。

由於TASK 2所佔的分數比重是TASK 1的兩倍，同時該部分A類與G類考內容以及問形式趨於一致，也是中國考生錯誤比較密集的部分，所以接下來的內容將圍繞着Task 2 展開。

　錯誤一：語言絕對化

根據能量守恆定律(Law of energy conservation)，即“各種能量形式互相轉換是有方向和條件限制的，能量相互轉換時其量值不變，表明能量不能被創造或消滅”，人們在使用語言描述事物變化時，應儘可能避免語言過於絕對化，尤其是在使用第二語言進行正式的書面表述時，更應該注意該語言中非絕對化表達方式的學習，這樣才能盡顯文章內容的客觀性。

這是絕大多數中國考生在面對雅思寫作TASK 2時所忽視的，大家可以對比如下兩組句子：

This tends to occur whenever there is a downturn in commodity prices.

This occurs whenever there is a downturn in commodity prices.

A child learning a foreign language at primary school causes confusion between their native language and the foreign one.

A child learning a foreign language at primary school is likely to cause confusion between their native language and the foreign one.

爲決該問，筆者總結了一些表達委婉語氣的用語和句式，考生可以嘗試使用，如：may, might, would, could, largely, possibly, probably, be likely (unlikely) to, be inclined to, tend to, to a large (some) extent, there is a higher probability/possibility that…等。

錯誤二：只回答部分問

An increasing number of people are moving and living in big cities. Why is this case? Is it a positive or negative trend? (2010年1月23日 G類) 該有兩個問，很多考生在作答時忽視了第一問，只回答第二問，抑或是把第一問和該現象積極的一面混爲一談，如：

On the one hand, living in big cities brings about a considerable number of advantages, which is also why people move to big cities. Initially, it is undeniable that work conditions in big cities are usually better that those in countries and small cities. With more work opportunities and a higher level of salary, people in other places, especially the young, are inclined to move to big cities. Subsequently, not only does living in big cities offer people better work conditions, but also it affords dwellers with facilities of higher quality. These facilities, such as the premium hospitals and education resources, are extremely attractive to countryside people and those in small cities. (考生答卷)

該現象的原因應從大城市移民的角度考慮，如可以享受更好的生活設施，教育資源和就業機會等。而其積極的一面應從城市居民或管理者的角度考慮，如大量的“移民”給城市帶來了更多的勞動力和稅收。

遇到此類考，考生可以將全文分爲四個段落，除去開頭和結尾段，主體兩個段落分別回答一個問，即第二段回答產生該現象的“原因”，第三段選取積極或消極任何一面展開論述。

　錯誤三：容易跑

該現象產生的原因主要是考生沒有正確地理目，如Some people think that foreign tourists abroad should be charged more than local people to visit a country’s cultural and historical attractions. To what extent do you agree or disagree? (2011年4月30日A類)

就該而言，很多考生將意思是“收費”的charged一詞理爲“控制”，而該詞是我們在中學階段就已經學習過的。這就很容易導致作文跑，而跑的作文分數爲5分。

避免該問，首先，在積累詞彙階段，考生應連同其同義詞準確記憶;其次，由於每年的考重複率相對較高，所以，如果時間允許，考生可以在練習階段把近幾年目通讀一遍，準確理目內容。

錯誤四：文章沒有分段或分段不充分

雅思作文應按照論文的寫作格式分段，即有開頭段，結尾段和由兩到三段構成的主體段落。不論是四段式還是五段式，考生只要進行合理的分段，就能滿足考試在邏輯性方面的要求。

　錯誤五：字數不夠

字數不夠，即在規定時間內(40分鐘)沒有達到文章字數要求(至少250單詞)。字數不足250單詞，文章最高將不會超過5.5分，這在《劍8》Test 2和《劍7》Test 4提供的考生答卷中均有體現。

產生該問的原因主要有：1. 觀點數量少;2. 不知道觀點如何展開;3. 寫作速度太慢。那麼，要在規定時間內滿足字數要求，考生需要想出足夠多的觀點，學習如何展開觀點，熟練運用複雜句並提高寫作速度。接下來我們將分如何滿足以上要求：

首先，考生需要想出足夠多的觀點。爲此，很多考生會蒐集各種網站所做的“寫作預測”，從而提前準備觀點。需要提醒考生的是不要盲目相信各種“預測”，預測目可以練習使用，但目的是更好地提升寫作水平;相反，若把所有精力集中在預測目上，並背誦相關內容，最終很有可能會被當作模板處理，而對於使用模板或者是有大量語言記憶片段的文章，最高分數不會超過5分。所以，建議考生積累觀點要走“正道”即：1. 擴大閱讀面。閱讀中文相關內容也可以有效地增加考生的背景知識。2. 積累同類話的通用觀點。

在文章總字數要求不變的情況下，每個段落觀點數量越多，意味着支持句的數量就可以相應地減少。如果一個段落中有兩個觀點，那麼每個觀點句展開一個支持句就滿足字數要求了，

如：Charity organizations should give aid to people in the greatest need, wherever they are from, or help people in their own countries. Discuss both views and give your opinion. (2010年1月9日A類)

Opponents of charity organizations only giving aid domestically, however, contend the assistance should be open to people in need no matter where they are from. To start with, it is the functionality of charity organizations to render help to those who are in great need, regardless of their nationalities. Otherwise, it may be considered as going breach of the purposes they are established for. What is more, not only can international charity assistance enhance the friendship of two nations, but also help eliminate the conflicts and misunderstandings, thereby stimulating the cultural exchanges between countries. (94words)

如果一個段落只有一個觀點，在保持段落字數不變的情況下，支持句的數量就要相應地增加，如：Some people think that foreign tourists abroad should be charged more than local people to visit a country’s cultural and historical attractions. To what extent do you agree or disagree? (2011年4月30日A類)

The reason that I oppose to the above view is the unfairness and inequality this proposal may conduce to. As is known to all, historic attractions are owned by all human beings and should be shared by people from all over the world equally and without discrimination. Once this proposal being implemented, an unfavorable impression of this country would be formed in no time. There is a fear that foreign travelers may never come again. Neither do their friends nor those who gain this negative information. And this will inevitably lead to a vicious circle. (95words)

因此，在觀點較少的情況下，能否將觀點充分地展開成爲滿足字數要求的關鍵所在。

其次，如何展開一個觀點，關鍵在於是否能夠靈活運用論證方式。常用的論證方式包括：釋(explanation)，延伸(extension)，舉例(exemplification)和對比(contrast)等，如：

A lot of innovations are made with the aim of making money for a few. This is because it is the rich and powerful people in our society who are able to impose changes (such as in working conditions or property developments) that are in their own interests. (第二句爲釋論證)(《劍6》Test 4)

My view is that young people should be encouraged to broaden their horizons. That is the best way for them to get a clear perspective of what they are hoping to do with their lives and why. (第二句爲延伸論證) (《劍5》Test 2)

To do this, we need to improve the choice of public transport services available to travelers. For example, if sufficient sky train and underground train systems were built and effectively maintained in our major cities, then traffic on the roads would be dramatically reduced.(第二句爲舉例論證)(《劍8》Test 3)

The reasons for this trend may involve the recognition that a young adult who passes directly from school to university is rather restricted in terms of general knowledge and experience of the world. By contrast, those who have spent some time earning a living or traveling to other places, have a broader view of life and better personal resources to draw on. (第二句爲對比論證)(《劍5》Test 2)

最後，提高寫作速度，其關鍵在於“固定”。要想在那麼短的時間內，在考場上高度緊張的狀態下寫出滿足字數要求同時又非常優秀的文章來，的確是非常困難的，但是雅思考官曾講過，考場上任何一篇優秀文章中的每一個單詞都是經過精心準備的。因此，要想保證字數同時又保證質量，考前精心的準備和設計是非常必要的。如：

固定開頭段

The late 20st century witnessed the every surging boom of advanced technology, which has brought attention to a heated debate concerning whether housework should be accomplished manually.

The late 20st century witnessed the ever surging boom of the world population, which has brought attention to a heated debate concerning whether people should be encouraged to move into skyscrapers.

固定常用句型

引導觀點或者釋論證

It is a widely held perception that…

It is a commonly shared convention that…

舉例子

A great case in point is that…

延伸論證

So…that…

對比論證

主語+should/would/could/might + do +其他+ if +主語+did/be(were) +其他

連接兩個觀點

Not only…but also…

注意：文章中固定下來的內容，尤其是開頭段、結尾段和文中的一些固定句型，最好不要摘自比較流行的輔導參考書，避免被考官認爲是抄襲或者模板。因此，考生需要自己總結或者在閱讀國外期刊雜誌以及相關網站原版內容的過程中不斷積累，同時還要保證固定內容不能超出自身英語水平太高，否則，被考官認定是語言記憶片段的可能性較大。把固定下來的內容運用熟練，就可以有效地提高寫作速度，從而滿足字數要求。

以上就是爲大家整理的雅思寫作備考常犯的錯誤，希望能夠對大家有所幫助，寫作是雅思備考的重點，如果在備考的過程中出現錯誤而自己又沒有發現，這樣在考試的時候就會影響到考試的成績。