歷年英語四級考試真題練習

對於要參加英語四級的學生來說，真題是必須要面對的，只有多加練習才能夠更好的應對四級考試。今天我們爲大家整理了歷年英語四級考試真題練習，希望能夠對大家有所幫助。

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying" Never go out there to see what happens, go out there to make things happen." You can cite xamples to illustrate the importance of being participants rather than mere on lookers inlife. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

Section A

Directions : In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will bea pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, Cand D,and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

1.A.Children should be taught to be more careful.

B.Children shouldn't drink so much orange juice.

C.There is no need for the man to make such a fuss.

D.Timmy should learn to do things in the right way.

2.A.Fitness training.

B.The new job offer.

C.Computer programming.

D.Directorship of the club.

3.A.He needs to buy a new sweater.

B.He has got to save on fuel bills.

C.The fuel price has skyrocketed.

D.The heating system doesn't work.

4.A.Committing theft.

B.Taking pictures.

C.Window shopping.

D.Posing for the camera.

5.A.She is taking some medicine.

B.She has not seen a doctor yet.

C.She does not trust the man's advice.

D.She has almost recovered from the cough.

6.A.Pamela's report is not finished as scheduled.

B.Pamela has a habit of doing things in a hurry.

C.Pamela is not good at writing research papers.

D.Pamela's mistakes could have been avoided.

7.A.In the left-luggage office.

B.At the hotel reception.

C.In a hotel room.

D.At an airport.

8.A.She was an excellent student at college.

B.She works in the entertainment business.

C.She is fond of telling stories in her speech.

D.She is good at conveying her message.

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

9.A.Arranging the woman's appointment with Mr.Romero.

B.Fixing the time for the designer's latest fashion show.

C.Talking about an important gathering on Tuesday.

D.Preparing for the filming on Monday morning.

10.A.Her travel to Japan.

B.The awards ceremony.

C.The proper hairstyle for her new role.

D.When to start the make-up session.

11.A.He is Mr.Romero's agent.

B.He is an entertainment journalist.

C.He is the woman's assistant.

D.He is a famous movie star.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

12.A.Make an appointment for an interview.

B.Send in an application letter.

C.Fill in an application form.

D.Make a brief self-introduction on the phone.

13.A.Someone having a college degree in advertising.

B.Someone experienced in business management.

C.Someone ready to take on more responsibilities.

D.Someone willing to work beyond regular hours.

14.A.Travel opportunities.

B.Handsome pay.

C.Prospects for promotion.

D.Flexible working hours.

15.A.It depends on the working hours.

B.It is about 500 pounds a week.

C.It will be set by the Human Resources.

D.It is to be negotiated.

Section B

Directions..In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A., B,Cand D..Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.

Passage One

Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.

16.A.To give customers a wider range of choices.

B.To make shoppers see as many items as possible.

C.To supply as many varieties of goods as it can.

D.To save space for more profitable products.

17.A.On the top shelves.

B.On the bottom shelves.

C.On easily accessible shelves.

D.On clearly marked shelves.

18.A.Many of them buy things on impulse.

B.A few of them are fathers with babies.

C.A majority of them are young couples.

D.Over 60% of them make shopping lists.

19.A.Sales assistants promoting high margin goods.

B.Sales assistants following customers around.

C.Customers competing for good bargains.

D.Customers losing all sense of time.

Passage Two

Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.

20.A.Teaching mathematics at a school.

B.Doing research in an institute.

C.Studying for a college degree.

D.Working in a hi-tech company

21.A.He studied the designs of various clocks.

B.He did experiments on different materials.

C.He bought an alarm clock with a pig face.

D.He asked different people for their opinions.

22.A.Its automatic mechanism.

B.Its manufacturing process.

C.Its way of waking people up.

D.Its funny-looking pig face.

Passage Three

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

23.A.It is often caused by a change of circumstances.

B.It actually doesn't require any special treatment.

C.It usually appears all of a sudden.

D.It generally lasts for several years.

24.A.They cannot mix well with others.

B.They irrationally annoy their friends.

C.They depend heavily on family members.

D.They blame others for ignoring their needs.

25.A.They lack consistent support from peers.

B.They doubt their own popularity.

C.They were born psychologically weak.

D.They focus too much on themselves.Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have justheard.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

There was a time when any personal information that was gathered about us was typed on a piece of paper and(26) in a file cabinet.It could remain there for years and, often(27), never reach the outside world.

Things have done a complete about-face since then.(28) the change has been the astonishingly(29) development in recent years of the computer.Today, any data that is 30 about us in one place or another--and for one reason or another--can be stored in a computer bank.It can then be easily passed to other computer banks.They are owned by individuals and by private businesses and corporations, lending 31 , direct mailing and telemarketing firms, credit bureaus, credit card companies, and(32) at the local, state, and federal level.

A growing number of Americans are seeing the accumulation and distribution of computerized data as a frightening(33 )of their privacy.Surveys show that the number of worried Americans has been steadily growing over the years as the computer becomes increasingly (34), easier to operate, and less costly to purchase and maintain.In 1970, a national survey showed that percent of the people(35)felt their privacy was being invaded.Seven years later, percent expressed the same worry.Arecent survey by a credit bureau revealed that the number of alarmed citizens had shot up to percent.

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given, in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each.choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the center.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.

Children do not think the way adults do.For most of the first year of life, if something is out of sight, it's out of mind.If you cover a baby's(36)toy with a piece of cloth, the baby thinks the toyhas disappeared and stops looking for it.A 4-year-old may (37) that a sister has more fruit juicewhen it is only the shapes of the glasses that differ, not the(38)of juice.

Yet children are smart in their own way.Like good little scientists, children are always testing their child-sized(39) about how things work.When your child throws her spoon on the floor for the sixth time as you try to feed her, and you say, "That's enough! I will not pick up your spoon again!"

the child will(40) test your claim.Are you serious? Are you angry? What will happen if she throws the spoon again? She is not doing this to drive you(41); rather, she is learning that her desires and yours can differ, and that sometimes those(42)are important and sometimes they are not.

How and why does children's thinking change? In the 1920s, Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget proposed that children's cognitive (認知的) abilities unfold (43), like the blooming of a flower,almost independent of what else is(44)in their lives.Although many of his specific conclusions havebeen(45) or modified over the years, his ideas inspired thousands of studies by investigators all over the world.

A. advocate

B. amount

C. confirmed

D. crazy

E. definite

F. differences

G. favorite

H. happening

I. Immediately

J. Naturally

K. Obtaining

L. Primarily

M. Protest

N. Rejected

O. theories

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with, ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.

Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

The Perfect Essay

A.Looking back on too many years of education, I can identify one truly impossible teacher.Shecared about me, and my intellectual life, even when I didn't.Her expectations were high--impossibly so.She was an English teacher.She was also my mother.

B.When good students turn in an essay, they dream of their instructor returning it to them in exactly the same condition, save for a single word added in the margin of the final page : "Flawless." This dream came true for me one afternoon in the ninth grade.Of course, I had heard that genius could show itself at an early age, so I was only slightly taken aback that I had achieved perfection at the tender age of 14.Obviously, I did what any professional writer would do; I hurried off to spread thegood news.I didn't get very far.The first person I told was my mother.

C.My mother, who is just shy of five feet tall, is normally incredibly soft-spoken, but on the rareoccasion when she got angry, she was terrifying.I am not sure if she was more upset by my hubris(得意忘形) or by the fact that my English teacher had let my ego get so out of hand.In any event,my mother and her red pen showed me how deeply flawed a flawless essay could be.At the time,I am sure she thought she was teaching me about mechanics, transitions (過渡), structure, style and voice.But what I learned, and what stuck with me through my time teaching writing at Harvard, was a deeper lesson about the nature of creative criticism.

D.First off, it hurts.Genuine criticism, the type that leaves a lasting mark on you as a writer, also leaves an existential imprint (印記) on you as a person.I have heard people say that a writer should never take criticism personally.I say that we should never listen to these people.

E. Criticism, at its best, is deeply personal, and gets to the heart of why we write the way we do. Theintimate nature of genuine criticism implies something about who is able to give it, namely,someone who knows you well enough to show you how your mental life is getting in the way of good writing.Conveniently, they are also the people who care enough to see you through this painful realization.For me it took the form of my first, and I hope only, encounter with writer'sblock--I was not able to produce anything for three years.

F. Franz Kafka once said: "Writing is utter solitude (獨處), the descent into the cold abyss (深淵) of oneself." My mother's criticism had shown me that Kafka is right about the cold abyss, and when you make the introspective (內省的) descent that writing requires you are not always pleased by what you find.But, in the years that followed, her sustained tutoring suggested that Kafka might be wrong about the solitude.I was lucky enough to find a critic and teacher who was willing to make the journey of writing with me."It is a thing of no great difficulty," according to Plutarch, "to raise objections against another man's speech, it is a very easy matter; but to produce a better in its place is a work extremely troublesome." I am sure I wrote essays in the later years of high school without my mother's guidance, but I can't recall them.What I remember, however, is how she took up the "extremely troublesome" work of ongoing criticism.

G. There are two ways to interpret Plutarch when he suggests that a critic should be able to produce "a better in its place." In a straightforward sense, he could mean that a critic must be more talented than the 　　artist she critiques (評論).My mother was well covered on this count.But perhaps

Plutarch is suggesting something slightly different, something a bit closer to Marcus Cicero's claim that one should "criticize by creation, not by finding fault." Genuine criticism creates a precious opening for an author to become better on his own terms--a process that is often extremely painful,but also almost always meaningful.

H. My mother said she would help me with my writing, but first I had to help myself.For each assignment, I was to write the best essay I could.Real criticism is not meant to find obvious mistakes, so if she found any--the type I could have found on my own--I had to start from scratch.From scratch.Once the essay was "flawless," she would take an evening to walk me through myerrors.That was when true criticism, the type that changed me as a person, began.

I. She criticized me when I included little-known references and professional jargon (行話).She had no patience for brilliant but irrelevant figures of speech."Writers can't bluff (虛張聲勢) their way through ignorance." That was news to me--I would need to freed another way to structure my daily existence.

J. She trimmed back my flowery language, drew lines through my exclamation marks and argued for the value of restraint in expression."John," she almost whispered.I leaned in to hear her:"I can'thear you when you shout at me." So I stopped shouting and bluffing, and slowly my writingimproved.

K. Somewhere along the way I set aside my hopes of writing that flawless essay.But perhaps I missed something important in my mother's lessons about creativity and perfection.Perhaps the point of writing the flawless essay was not to give up, but to never willingly finish.Whitman repeatedly reworked "Song of Myself' between 1855 and 1891.Repeatedly.We do our absolute best with apiece of writing, and come as close as we can to the ideal.And, for the time being, we settle.Incritique, however, we are forced to depart, to give up the perfection we thought we had achieved for the chance of being even a little bit better.This is the lesson I took from my mother: If perfection were possible, it would not be motivating.

46.The author was advised against the improper use of figures of speech.

47.The author's mother taught him a valuable lesson by pointing out lots of flaws in his seemingly perfect essay.

48.A writer should polish his writing repeatedly so as to get closer to perfection.

49.Writers may experience periods of time in their life when they just can't produce anything.

50.The author was not much surprised when his school teacher marked his essay as "flawless".

51.Criticizing someone's speech is said to be easier than coming up with a better one.

52.The author looks upon his mother as his most demanding and caring instructor.

53.The criticism the author received from his mother changed him as a person.

54.The author gradually improved his writing by avoiding fancy language.

55.Constructive criticism gives an author a good start to improve his writing.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C.andD .You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.

Passage One

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

Could you reproduce Silicon Valley elsewhere, or is there something unique about it?

It wouldn't be surprising if it were hard to reproduce in other countries, because you couldn'treproduce it in most of the US either.What does it take to make a Silicon Valley?

It's the right people.If you could get the right ten thousand people to move from Silicon Valley to Buffalo, Buffalo would become Silicon Valley.

You only need two kinds of people to create a technology hub (中心) : rich people and nerds (癡迷科研的人).

Observation bears this out.Within the US, towns have become star,up hubs if and only if they have both rich people and nerds.Few startups happen in Miami, for example, because although it's full of rich people, it has few nerds.It's not the kind of place nerds like.

Whereas Pittsburgh has the opposite problem: plenty of nerds, but no rich people.The top US Computer Science departments are said to be MIT, Stanford, Berkeley, and Carnegie-Mellon.MITyielded Route 128.Stanford and Berkeley yielded Silicon Valley.But what did Carnegie-Mellon yield in Pittsburgh? And what happened in Ithaca, home of Cornell University, which is also high on the list?

I grew up in Pittsburgh and went to college at Cornell, so I can answer for both.The weather is terrible, particularly in winter, and there's no interesting old city to make up for it, as there is inBoston.Rich people don't want to live in Pittsburgh or Ithaca. So while there're plenty of hackers (電腦迷) who could start startups, there's no one to invest in them

Do you really need the rich people? Wouldn't it work to have the government invest in the nerds?

No, it would not.Startup investors are a distinct type of rich people.They tend to have a lot of experience themselves in the technology business.This helps them pick the right startups, and means they can supply advice and connections as well as money.And the fact that they have a personal stake in the outcome makes them really pay attention.

56.What do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage?

A.Its success is hard to copy anywhere else.

B.It is the biggest technology hub in the US.

C.Its fame in high technology is incomparable.

D.It leads the world in information technology.

57.What makes Miami unfit to produce a Silicon Valley?

A.Lack of incentive for investment.

B.Lack of the right kind of talents.

C.Lack of government support.

D.Lack of famous universities.

58.In what way is Carnegie-Mellon different from Stanford, Berkeley and MIT?

A.Its location is not as attractive to rich people.

B.Its science departments are not nearly as good.

C.It does not produce computer hackers and nerds.

D.It does not pay much attention to business startups.

59.What does the author imply about Boston?

A.It has pleasant weather all year round.

B.It produces wealth as well as high-tech.

C.It is not likely to attract lots of investors and nerds.

D.It is an old city with many sites of historical interest.

60.What does the author say about startup investors?

A.They are especially wise in making investments.

B.They have good connections in the government.

C.They can do more than providing money.

D.They are rich enough to invest in nerds.

Passage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

It's nice to have people of like mind around.Agreeable people boost your confidence and allow you to relax and feel comfortable.Unfortunately, that comfort can hinder the very learning that can expandyour company and your career.

It's nice to have people agree, but you need conflicting perspectives to dig out the truth.If everyone around you has similar views, your work will suffer from confirmation bias (偏頗).

Take a look at your own network.Do your contacts share your point of view on most subjects? If yes, it's time to shake things up.As a leader, it can be challenging to create an environment in which people will freely 　　disagree and argue, but as the saying goes: From confrontation comes brilliance.

It's not easy for most people to actively seek conflict.Many spend their lives trying to avoidarguments.There's no need to go out and find people you hate, but you need to do some self-assessment to determine where you have become stale in your thinking.You may need to start by encouraging your current network to help you identify your blind spots.

Passionate, energetic debate does not require anger and hard feelings to be effective.But it do esrequire moral strength. Once you have worthy opponents, set some ground rules so everyone understands responsibilities and boundaries.The objective of this debating game is not to win but to get to the truth that will allow you to move faster, farther, and better.

Fierce debating can hurt feelings, particularly when strong personalities are involved. Make sure you check in with your opponents so that they are not carrying the emotion of the battles beyond thebattlefield.Break the tension with smiles and humor to reinforce the idea that this is friendly discourse and that all are working toward a common goal.

Reward all those involved in the debate sufficiently when the goals are reached.Let your sparring partners (拳擊陪練) know how much you appreciate their contribution. The more they feel appreciated, the more they'll be willing to get into the ring next time.

61.What happens when you have like-minded people around you all the while?

A.It will help your company expand more rapidly.

B.It will create a harmonious working atmosphere.

C.It may prevent your business and career from advancing.

D.It may make you feel uncertain about your own decisions.

62.What does the author suggest leaders do?

A.Avoid arguments with business partners.

B.Encourage people to disagree and argue.

C.build a wide and strong business network.

D.Seek advice from their worthy competitors.

63.What is the purpose of holding a debate?

A.To find out the truth about an issue.

B.To build up people's moral strength.

C.To remove misunderstandings.

D.To look for worthy opponents.

64.What advice does the author give to people engaged in a fierce debate?

A.They listen carefully to their opponents' views.

B.They show due respect for each other's beliefs.

C.They present their views clearly and explicitly.

D.They take care not to hurt each other's feelings.

65.How should we treat our rivals after a successful debate?

A.Try to make peace with them.

B.Try to make up the differences.

C.Invite them to the ring next time.

D.Acknowledge their contribution.

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

今年在長沙舉行了一年一度的外國人漢語演講比賽.這項比賽證明是促進中國和世界其他地區文化交流的好方法.它爲世界各地的年輕人提供了更好地瞭解中國的機會.來自87個國家共計126位選手聚集在湖南省省會參加了從7月6日到8月5日進行的半決賽和決賽.比賽並不是唯一的活動.選手們還有機會參觀了中國其他地區的著名景點和歷史名勝.

參考答案解析

1.C.四個選項中出現了children，careful，juice和Timmy等詞，故推測本題考查的內容與孩子的行爲相關.

對話中，男士抱怨說他都不知道該拿蒂米怎麼辦了，今天早上，他發現桔子汁在廚房灑了一地，而女士則說，別對蒂米太嚴厲了，他才四歲.由此可見，女士認爲男士不用小題大做，故答案爲C.

2.A.四個選項均爲名詞短語，且出現了fitness，job，computer和club等詞，故推測本題考查的內容與健身或者工作相關.

對話中，女士向男士詢問俱樂部健身鍛鍊的事情，男士則說他會帶着女士去找專門負責新會員的經理.由此可知，女士是對俱樂部健身鍛鍊感興趣，故答案爲A.

3.B.四個選項中出現了sweater，save，fuel bills和heating等詞，故推測本題考查的內容與寒冷天氣以及取暖相關.

對話中，女士說她覺得很冷，問能不能把暖氣開大一點，而男士則表示抱歉，說自己沒錢了，都快付不起燃料費賬單了，建議女士穿上毛衣.由此可知，男士想要節省燃料費，故答案爲B.

4.A.四個選項均爲動名詞短語，且出現了theft，pictures，shopping和camera等詞，故推測本題考查的內容與商店裏發生的事情相關.

對話中，男士要將女士帶到保安室去，並說商店裏的攝像頭已經把女士所做的事都錄下來了，而女士則表示自己什麼都沒有做，如果男士敢侮辱她的話，她就報警.由此可知，男士認爲女士偷了商店裏的東西，故答案爲A.

5.B.選項均以she開頭，且出現了medicine，doctor和cough等詞，故推測本題考查的內容與女士的健康狀況相關.

男士說女士應該馬上去看醫生，而女士則說再等幾天，她相信自己的咳嗽很快就會好的.由此可知，直到本對話發生時，女士都還沒有去看醫生，故答案爲B.

6.D.四個選項均提到了Pamela，且出現了report，hurry，writing和mistakes等詞，故推測本題考查的內容與帕米拉的報告相關.

對話中，男士說他聽說帕米拉的實驗報告出了很多錯，而女士則說，如果她不是那麼急着做完的話，就不會出這麼多的錯.由此可知，帕米拉實驗報告中的錯誤本來是可以避免的，故答案爲D.

7.C.四個選項均是表示地點的介詞短語，故推測本題考查的內容與對話發生的地點相關.

對話中，男士說他們最好能在中午l2點之前退房，現在只剩半小時了，女士建議加快速度，並讓男士去付賬，她自己給前臺打電話，叫人把行李送到樓下.由此可知，對話發生的時候，兩人還沒有開始辦理退房手續，還在賓館的房間裏，故答案爲C..

8.D.四個選項均以she開頭，且出現了college，works，speech和message等詞，可以推測本題考查的內容與女士的情況相關.

對話中，女士問男士以前是否聽過這個演講者的講座，男士說他聽過，並認爲這位演講的女士很棒，她不僅將自己的觀點表達得很清楚，而且講得很有趣.由此可知，這位女演講者擅長傳達自己想要傳達的信息，故答案爲D.

9.What are the speakers doing?

A.對話開頭男士說羅梅羅先生急着見女士，可能是想讓女士出演他導演的新電影，女士說一定得把他安排進來.由此可以推斷，對話中的兩人正在安排女士的時間，好讓她能夠與羅梅羅先生見面，故答案爲A.

10.What is the woman going to discuss with her agent over lunch on Monday?

B.對話中，男士告訴女士她週一需要和自己的經紀人吃午飯，討論一下關於頒獎儀式的事情，故答案爲B.

11.What do we learn from the conversation about the man?

C.對話中，男士和女士一起討論女士的日程安排，從第一句羅梅羅先生想要讓女士出演他導演的新電影可知，女士是位電影演員，而男士對女士的日程安排非常瞭解，並且由最後一句可知，男士服從女士的安排.綜合這些內容可以推斷出，男士是女士的助理，故答案爲C.

12.What does the woman say an applicant should do first to apply for the job?

B.對話開頭，男士表示他對女士公司銷售經理的職位感興趣，請女士給她發一份申請表，而女士則讓男士直接寄一封書面的求職申請信.因此，如果男士想要申請這份工作，他首先應該做的就是寄一份書面申請信，故答案爲B.

13.What kind of a person is the company looking for?

D.對話中女士明確說，他們需要能夠長時間工作的員工，而當男士要求她再進一步解釋的時候，她說這份工作經常需要在週末出差.由此可知，這份工作需要能夠在非正常工作時間加班，故答案爲D.

14.What does the man like most about the job?

A.對話中，男士明確表示職位廣告中出差這一要求吸引了他，這也正是他想要得到這份工作的原因，故答案爲A.

15.What does the woman say about the salary if the man is accepted by the company?

D.對話中男士問到了薪水問題，而女士回答說這還有待討論，部分取決於男士的工作經歷以及教育背景.由此可以推斷，即使男士得到了這一職位，他的薪水待遇也不是明確規定好了的，而是得再商議，故答案爲D.

16.Why are essential goods displayed in totally different parts of the supermarket?

B.短文開頭提到，超市希望顧客看到儘可能多的商品，這就是爲什麼他們會把生活必需品分散擺放的原因，故答案爲B..

17.Where are goods with a high profit margin usually found?

C.短文中提到，利潤高的商品所擺放的位置都是顧客容易夠到的地方，也就是在那些容易接觸到的貨架上，故答案爲C.

18.What does the speaker say about supermarket goers?

A.短文中提到，雖然很多人在去超市之前會列一張購物清單，但還是有60%左右的購買行爲是在購物現場決定的.因此，大部分去超市購物的人都有衝動消費的行爲，故答案爲A.

19.What shouldn't be too surprising according to the speaker?

D.短文臨近結尾時提到了一次採訪，接受採訪的顧客通常感覺自己僅在超市裏待了半個小時，而實際上他們已經待了超過45分鐘了.因此，調查發現，顧客在超市中沒有了時間感，而這一現象並不奇怪，故答案爲D.

20.What was Matty Sallin doing when he created an alarm clock?

C.短文一開始就說，馬蒂·賽爾林在大學攻讀藝術和技術學位時，曾有一項有趣的任務是發明家用器具，因此，他決定發明一個鬧鐘.由此可知，他當時還在讀大學，故答案爲C.

21.What did Matty Sallin do before making the new type of alarm clock?

D.短文中提到，在馬蒂·賽爾林決定設計一款新鬧鐘時，他先徵求了不同的人關於鬧鐘的想法，然後纔開始動手製作，故答案爲D.

22.What makes the newly invented alarm clock so unique?

C.短文提到，在徵求了多人的意見後，賽爾林發現人們對鬧鐘感到最不滿的是它吵鬧的叫醒方式，而且人們最希望在受到烤醃肉香味的誘惑中醒來，所以，他才自己動手創造出了一款能夠定時烤制醃肉，然後將香味散發出去，使人從夢中醒來的鬧鐘，故答案爲C.

23.What does the speaker say about situational loneliness?

A.短文中提到了三種類型的孤獨，其中第二類爲情景孤獨，而短文中在對這一類孤獨的介紹中指出，它通常是由於環境的變化所引起的，故答案爲A.

24.What problem will people have if they experience habitual loneliness?

A.短文中在提到habitual loneliness時說，那些經歷習慣性孤獨的人在社交方面存在問題，無法親近他人，也就是說，他們不合羣，不能與他人融洽地交往，故答案爲A.

25.Why do some people suffer loneliness according to psychologists?

B.短文末尾部分提到，心理學家發現，雖然孤獨的人可能有許多社交，但他們有時覺得自己應該有更多的社交，他們質疑自己的受歡迎程度.故答案爲B.

26.locked away.此處應該填人動詞的過去分詞或詞組，與句中的typed並列，構成被動語態.locked away意爲“把……鎖起來”.

27.forgotten此處應該填入動詞過去分詞構成的形容詞，表示狀態.forgotten意爲“被遺忘的”.該句指出，個人信息放在那裏多年，根本就沒有重見天日的機會.因此，它們是“被遺忘的”.

28.Responsible for.該空所在句是一個倒裝句，其正常語序應該是The astonishingly 29development in recent years of the computer has been 28 the change.所以該空應該填人一個形容詞或詞組作表語.responsible for意爲“對……負責，對……承擔責任”.

29.swift.此處應該填入形容詞，被副詞astonishingly修飾的同時，修飾名詞development，合在一起，表示“驚人地快速發展”.swift意爲“快速的”.

30.collected.此處應該填入動詞的過去分詞，與is一起構成被動語態.collected意爲“收集”.

31.institutions.此處應該填入一個名詞，被lending修飾.institutions意爲“機構”.

32.government agencies.此處應該填入一個名詞或名詞詞組，與前面的名詞或詞組並列.government agencies意爲“政府機構”.

33.invasion .此處應填入一個名詞，被形容詞frightening修飾.invasion意爲“侵犯”.

34.efficient.此處應填入一個形容詞，被前面的副詞increasingly修飾.efficient意爲“有效率的”.

35.questioned.此處應填人一個形容詞或動詞分詞形式作people的後置定語.questioned意爲“被問到的”.

36.G.favorite.形容詞辨析題.該空前面是所有格形式baby’s，後面是名詞toy，故推測空格處爲形容詞.根據常識推斷，嬰兒的玩具一般都是他們喜歡的，故答案爲favorite“最喜歡的”.備選形容詞中，crazy

“發狂的，發瘋的.”和definite“確定的”均與句意不符，可以排除.

37.M.protest.動詞辨析題.該空前面是情態動詞may，故空格處應填入動詞原形.根據下文可知，孩子認爲妹妹分到了更多果汁，因此一定會表示不滿，由此確定protest“抗議”爲答案.備選動詞中，只有兩個動詞原形，而advocate意思爲“主張”，不符合句意，可以排除.

38.B.amount.名詞辨析題.該空前面爲冠詞the，後面爲介詞of，故推測空格處應填入名詞.根據句意：4歲大的孩子也許會抗議說妹妹分到了更多果汁，僅僅是因爲玻璃杯的形狀不同，而不是果汁的——.形狀不同，也許容量是一樣的，由此確定amount“量”爲答案.備選名詞中，differences“不同”和theories“理論”均不符合句意，可以排除.

39.O.theories名詞辨析題.空格前爲形容詞child-sized，空格後爲介詞about，故推測該空格處爲名詞.根據句意：孩子們就像一些很棒的小科學家一樣，總是會驗證他們孩子們般大小的事物運轉的——.由此可知，theories“理論”符合句意，故爲答案.備選名詞differences“區別”不符合句意，可以排除.

40.I.immediately.副詞辨析題.空格前是will，空格後是test，故該空格處應填入副詞.聯繫上下文，孩子一而再地把勺子扔到地上，直到父母說不再撿起，隨後，孩子便有了各種疑問，故可知孩子會馬上驗證父母的話.由此確定immediately“馬上，立即”爲答案.備選副詞中，naturally“自然地”和primarily"主要地”均不符合句意，可以排除.

41.D.crazy.形容詞辨析題.空格前爲drive you，可以聯想到固定結構drive sb.+adj..根據上文可推知，孩子扔勺子繼而試探家長的反應，並不是爲了讓他們抓狂，由此確定crazy“發狂的，發瘋的”爲答案.備選形容詞definite“確定的”不符合句意，可以排除.

42.F. differences.名詞辨析題.空格前爲those，空格後是系動詞are，故空格處應填人名詞.上文提到，she is learning that her desires and yours Can differ“她正是在瞭解她的需求和你的需求是會不同的”，此處指不同之處，所以differences“區別”爲答案.

43.J. naturally.副詞辨析題.空格前爲主語abilities和動詞unfold，根據句子結構可判斷空格處爲副詞.該句句意爲：孩子們的認知能力會像花朵一樣綻放，可知這一定是個自然的過程，由此確定naturally“自然地”爲答案.備選副詞primarily“主要地”不符合句意，可以排除.

44.H. happening動詞辨析題.空格前爲what else is，空格後爲介詞短語，故推測該空格處爲動詞

的分詞形式或形容詞.上文指出，孩子們的認知能力像花朵綻放一樣，與生命中其他——的事情毫無關聯.備選項中，happening“發生”符合句意，故爲答案.備選的動詞分詞形式中，confirmed意思是“確認，批准”;obtaining意思是“獲取”;rejected意思是“拒絕，駁回”，形容生活中的事情都太過於具體，不符合句意，可以排除.

45.N. rejected.動詞辨析題.空格前是have been，空格後是or modified，故該空格處應填入動詞的過去分詞.根據句意，儘管多年來他的很多具體結論被——或是修改，他的想法仍然啓發了全世界研究者們的諸多研究.由此確定rejected“拒絕，駁回”爲本題答案.備選動詞過去分詞中，confirmed意思爲“確認，批准”，不符合句意，可以排除.

56.A.由題幹定位到第二段第一句：It wouldn’t be surprising if it were hard to reproduce in other countries，because you couldn’t reproduce it in most of the US either.

事實細節題.文章第二段第一句指出，如果說很難在其他國家複製它，這並不會令人驚奇，因爲在美國的大部分地區你也不可能複製它.從這一句話中可以得知兩個信息：在美國無法複製硅谷;在世界其他國家同樣無法複製硅谷.因此硅谷在其他地方難以複製，故答案爲A.

B.“它是美國最大的技術中心”;C.“它在高科技領域的聲譽無與倫比”和D.“它在信息技術方面領先世界”在文中均無體現，故均可排除.

57.B.由題幹中的Miami定位到第五段第三句：Few startups happen in Miami，for example，because although it’s full of rich people.it has few nerds.

事實細節題.文章第五段第三句提到，比如，在邁阿密很少有創業園區，因爲儘管那裏的有錢人比比皆是，但是癡迷科研的人卻寥寥無幾，即缺少合適的人才，故答案爲B.

A.“缺乏投資動機”;C.“缺少政府支持”以及D.“缺乏著名大學”在文中均未提及，故均可排除.

58.A.由題千中的Carnegie-Mellon和different定位到第六段倒數第二句：But what did Carnegie-Mellon yield in Pittsburgh?

推理判斷題.文章第六段倒數第二句指出，但是卡內基.梅隆大學在匹茲堡開闢了什麼呢?第七段最後兩句表明，有錢人並不想住在匹茲堡或是伊薩卡.所以儘管此處有很多能夠建立創業園區的電腦迷，卻並沒有一人爲他們投資.綜合這幾句可知，康奈爾大學不同於斯坦福大學、伯克利大學和麻省理工大學之處在於其所處的地點匹茲堡不能夠吸引有錢人居住，缺乏投資.故答案爲A..

B.“它的科學系遠非優秀”，由第六段第二句可知，康奈爾大學同樣是美國擁有頂尖計算機科學系的大學之一，故排除;C.“它無法培養出電腦迷和癡迷科研者”和D.“它不太注重商業創業”，在文中均未提及，故均可排除.

59.D.由題幹中的Boston定位到第七段第二句：The weather is terrible，particularly in winter，and there’s no interesting old city to make up for it.as there is in Boston.

推理判斷題.文章第七段第二句提到，天氣很惡劣，尤其是在冬天，而且又不像波士頓那樣，有古老而有趣的城市可以彌補這一點.由此推斷，波士頓的特點是古老和有趣，選項D.與原文意思相符，故爲答案.

A.“它全年都有宜人的天氣”B.“它在創造高科技的同時也創造了財富”以及C.“它不可能吸引很多的投資者和癡迷科研者”在文中均未提及，故均排除.

60.C.由題幹中的startup investors定位到第八段第四至六句：Startup investors are a distinct type of rich people.They tend to have a lot of experience themselves in the technology business.This helps them pick the right startups, and means they can supply advice and connections as well as money.

推理判斷題.第八段第四句表明，創業園區的投資者是一羣截然不同的有錢人.接着指出，他們自己往往有很多技術商業領域的經驗.這一點能夠幫助他們選擇正確的創業公司，同時也意味着他們提供金錢的同時也能夠提供建議和人際關係.選項C.“他們除了提供金錢外，還能做更多的事情”和原文意思一致，故爲答案.

A.“他們在投資方面尤爲精明”，文中只是提到他們能夠選擇正確的創業公司，並未提到精明，故排除;B.“他們與政府有着很好的關係”和D.“他們足夠有錢給癡迷科研者投資”，文中均未提及，故均排除.

61.C.由題乾的like-minded定位到第一段第一句和第三句：It’s nice to have people of like mind around...Unfortunately, that comfort can hinder the very learning that can expand your company and your career.

事實細節題.第一段第一句提到，與志趣相投者爲伴是一件好事.第三句指出，不幸的是，那種舒適會阻礙你學習擴展公司和發展事業的知識.故答案爲C.

A.“它會幫助你的公司更加迅速地擴大”和定位句意思相悖，可以排除;B.“它會創造一個和諧的工作環境”和D.“它可能會讓你不確定自己的決定”，文中均未提及，可以排除.

62.B.由題幹中的leaders定位到第三段第四句：As a leader，it can be challenging to create an environment in which people will freely disagree and argue, but as the saying goes: From confrontation comes brilliance.

推理判斷題.定位句指出，作爲一個領導，要創造一個人人都自由地辯駁和爭論的環境是充滿挑戰的，但是常言道：衝突之下，必有精彩.根據but後面的內容可知，作者還是建議領導們創造這樣的環境，故答案爲B..

A.“避免和商業夥伴產生爭論”，文中鼓勵領導創造自由辯駁和爭論的環境就是爲了使員工積極地爭辯，A.所述和文章意思不符，可以排除;C.“建立一個廣而強的商業關係網絡”和D.“從可以相媲美的競爭對手處尋求建議”，文中均未提及，可以排除.

63.A.由題幹中的purpose和debate定位到第五段最後一句：The objective of this debating game is not to win but to get to the truth that will allow you to move faster, farther, and better.

事實細節題.第五段最後一句表明，這種辯論遊戲的目的並不是贏，而是得到事實真相，能夠讓你更快更遠更好地進步.故答案爲A..

B.“增強人們的精神力量”，第五段提到辯論需要精神力量，這是條件，而非目的，故排除;C.“消除誤解”，文中並未提及，可以排除;D.“尋找可以相媲美的對手”，文中第五段倒數第二句提到，一旦你有了可以相媲美的對手，制定一些基本規則，從而使大家都明白責任和底線.這並非辯論的目的，可以排除.

64.D.由題幹中的fierce debate定位到第六段第一句：Fierce debating can hurt feelings，particularly when strong personalities are involved.

事實細節題.第六段第一句表明，激烈的辯論會傷害感情，下文提出建議：確保跟你的競爭對手說清楚，這樣他們就不會在爭論話題之外還帶有爭論時的情緒.用笑容和幽默打破這種緊張，並強化一種觀念：這是一種友好的交流，而所有的一切都是朝着一個共同的目標前進.這一切的舉動都是爲了避免傷害彼此的感情.故答案爲D..

A.“他們認真地傾聽對手的意見”、B.“他們對彼此的信念表示應有的尊重”以及C.“他們清晰直接地陳述自己的觀點”，在文中均未提及，均可排除.

65.D.由題幹定位到第七段前兩句：Reward all those involved in the debate sufficiently when the goals are reached. Let your sparring partners(拳擊陪練)know how much you appreciate their contribution.

事實細節題.最後一段前兩句指出，當目標達成時，要給予所有那些參與到辯論中的人充足的獎賞.讓你的拳擊陪練知道你是多麼感激他的付出.選項D.“感謝他們的付出”與原文意思相符，故爲答案.

A.“試圖與他們和解”，文中提到獎賞和感激，而非和解，可以排除;B.“儘量彌補差距”，文中並未提及，可以排除;C.“邀請他們下次再來拳擊場”，文中提到，他們對這種感激之情感受得越深，下次就會越願意走上拳擊臺，C.所述與原文意思相悖，可以排除.

參考譯文：An annual Chinese speech contest for foreigners was held in Changsha this year, which proved to be a good way of promoting the cultural communication between China and other areas of the world.It offered young people all over the world a good opportunity to learn better about China.

A total of 126 contestants from 87 countries gathered in the capital of Hunan Province and took part in both the semi-final and the final from July 6 to August 5.

The competition was not the only activity.The contestants also got chances to visit the famous scenic spots and historical resorts in other parts of China.

1.翻譯第一段第一句時，注意“舉行了……比賽”可翻譯爲被動結構，需要用be held結構表示“舉行”;此外，“一年一度”英譯時用annual表示即可;“外國人漢語演講比賽”切不可按照中文語序直接翻譯，需要先譯Chinese speech contest，再譯for foreigners.

2.翻譯第一段第二句時，注意該句的主語和前一句的主語都是“比賽”，故可以將其翻譯爲which引導的非限制性定語從句.另外，“證明是”譯爲proved to be;“文化交流”譯爲cultural communication;“……的好方法”譯爲a good way of….

3.翻譯第一段第三句時，注意“更好地瞭解中國的機會”中“機會”爲中心詞，其他部分爲定語，故翻譯爲a good opportunity to learn better about China.

4.翻譯第二段時，注意該句中的定語成分較多，因此需要先找到句子主幹，即“選手聚集在湖南省省會參加了半決賽和決賽”.“來自87個國家共計126位選手”中，“共計”譯爲a total of;“來自87個國家”譯爲from 87countries，作爲定語放在contestants之後.“參加了半決賽和決賽”譯爲took part in both the semi-final and the final.

5.翻譯第三段第二句時，“選手們還有機會……”的譯法很多.一種是直接用contestants作主語，謂語用also get/have chances/opportunities to….另一種是用there be句型來表達，即there are also chances/opportunities for constants to….“著名景點和歷史名勝”可譯爲the famous scenic spots and historical resorts.

以上就是爲大家整理的歷年英語四級考試真題練習，希望能夠對大家有所幫助。英語四級考試是有難度，不過多做真題可以幫助大家提升英語能力，掌握四級的考試難度，幫助大家更好的應對四級考試。