人教版初三英語知識點
英語是一門實用性極強的課程。下面是本站小編收集整理的人教版初三英語知識點以供大家學習。
人教版初三英語知識點：被動語態
被動語態常用於以下兩種情況：
1.不知道誰是動作的執行者，或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執行者;
2.強調動作的承受者。例如：
C.熟練轉換
1.將主動語態變被動語態的基本方法爲：
①將主動語態的賓語作被動語態的主語;
②謂語動詞變爲“be+及物動詞的過去分詞”，並通過be的變化來表達出不同的時態;
③主動語態的主語變爲介詞by的賓語，組成介詞短語放在被動結構中的謂語動詞之後。(有時by短語可以省略)。
2.被動語態的一般疑問句是將一個助動詞置於主語之前;否定句是在第一個助動詞後加not;特殊疑問句的語序爲：疑問詞+一般疑問句。例如：
Where did they grow vegetables?(改爲被動語態)
Where were vegetables grown ?
將主動語態變被動語態應注意幾個特殊情況：
1.含雙賓語的主動結構變爲被動結構時，有兩種方法：
①將間接賓語變爲主語，直接賓語保持不變;
②將直接賓語變爲主語，間接賓語用介詞to或for引導。
2.短語動詞的被動語態：在變爲被動語態時，要將短語動詞視爲一個整體，其後的介詞或副詞不能省去。
3.含有複合賓語的主動結構變被動結構時，通常將賓語變爲被動句的主語，而賓語補足語就成爲主語補足語。注意：省略to的不定式作賓補時，不定式符號to必須補上。
4.不定式的被動結構：動詞不定式的被動語態爲“to be +過去分詞”。
人教版初三英語知識點：形容詞與副詞
1.形容詞的用法
(1)形容詞在句中作定語，表語，賓語補足語。例如：
Our country is a beautiful country. (作定語)
The fish went bad. (作表語)
We keep our classroom clean and tidy. (作賓語補足語)
(2)形容詞修飾something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代詞時，形容詞放在名詞後面。
I have something important to tell you.
Is there anything interesting in the film.
(3)用 and 或 or 連接起來的兩個形容詞作定語時一般把它們放在被修飾的名詞後面。起進一步解釋的作用。
Everybody, man and woman, old and young, should attend the meeting.
You can take any box away, big or small.
(4)the+形容詞表示一類人或物
The rich should help the poor.
2.副詞的用法
(1)副詞在句中可作狀語，表語和定語。
He studies very hard. (作狀語)
Life here is full of joy. (作定語)
When will you be back? (作表語)
副詞按其用途和含義可分爲下面五類：
1)時間副詞
時間副詞通常用來表示動作的時間。常見的時間副詞有：now today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, late, early, never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always等。例如：
He often comes to school late.
What are we going to do tomorrow?
He is never been to Beijing.
2)地點副詞
地點副詞通常用來表示動作發生的地點。常見的地點副詞有：here, there, inside, outside, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, somewhere, down, up, off, on, in, out等。例如：
I met an old friend of mine on my way home.
He went upstairs.
Put down your name here.
3)方式副詞
方式副詞一般都是回答“怎樣的?”這類問題的，其中絕大部分都是由一個形容詞加詞尾-ly構成的， 有少數方式副詞不帶詞尾-ly, 它們與形容詞同形。常見的方式副詞有：anxiously, badly, bravely, calmly, carefully, proudly, rapidly, suddenly, successfully, angrily, happily, slowly, warmly, well, fast, slow, quick, hard, alone, high, straight, wide等。例如：
The old man walked home slowly.
Please listen to the teacher carefully.
The birds are flying high.
He runs very fast.
4)程度副詞
程度副詞多數用來修飾形容詞和副詞，有少數用來修飾動詞或介詞短語。常見的程度副詞有：much, (a) little, a bit, very, so, too, enough, quite, rather, pretty, greatly, completely, nearly, almost, deeply, hardly, partly等。例如：
Her pronunciation is very good.
She sings quite well.
I can hardly agree with you.
5)疑問副詞是用來引導特殊疑問句的副詞。常見的疑問副詞有：how, when, where, why等。例如：
How are you getting along with your studies?
Where were you yesterday?
Why did you do that?
人教版初三英語知識點：冠詞和數詞
一、冠詞的用法
冠詞是虛詞，放在名詞之前，用來說明名詞指的人或事物。冠詞有兩種。
A(an)叫不定冠詞，the叫定冠詞。A用在輔音之前，an用在元音之前。
1. 不定冠詞的用法
(1)a和an均用在單數名詞之前，表示某一類人或事物。例如：
John is a student.
Mary is an English teacher.
(2)指某一類人或事物中的任何一個。例如：
A steel worker makes steel.
Pass me an apple, please.
(3)指某人或某物，但不具體說明何人或和物。例如：
A student wants to see you.
A girl is waiting for you outside.
(4)表示“每一”的意思，相當於every。例如：
Take the medicine three times a day.
They go to see their parents once a week.
2.定冠詞用法
(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。例如：
The book on the desk is an English dictionary.
Beijing is the capital of China.
(2)指說話人和聽話人都熟悉的人或事物。例如：
Open the door, please.
Jack is in the library.
(3)上文提到過的人或事物。例如：
Yesterday John’s father bought him a new bike. The bike cost him 200 yuan.
(4)表示世界上獨一無二的事物。例如：
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
(5)用在序數詞和形容詞最高級之前。例如：
Shanghai is the biggest city in China.
January is the first month of the year.
(6)用在某些形容詞之前，表示某一類人或事物。例如：
The nurse is kind to the sick.
We should take good care of the old.
(7)用在某些專有名詞之前和某些習慣用語中。例如：
the Great Wall, the Summer palace, in the morning, in the open air等。
(8)用在姓氏複數之前，表示“某某一家人”，“某某夫婦”。例如：
the Browns, the whites等。
