英語四級真題試卷附答案

英語四級考試正在緊張備考當中，爲了幫助同學們複習備考。下面本站小編爲大家帶來英語四級真題試卷附答案，歡迎各位同學備考練習。

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying ‘Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission.” You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of lifelong learning. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

略

For many Americans, 2013 ended with an unusually bitter cold spell. November and December(36) early snow and bone-chilling temperatures in much of the country, part of a year when, for the first time in two(37), record-cold days will likely turn out to have outnumbered record-warm ones. But the U.S. was the exception; November was the warmest ever (38), and current data indicates that 2013 is likely to have been the fourth hottest year on record.

Enjoy the snow now, because (39)are good that 2014 will be even hotter, perhaps the hottest year since records have been kept. That’s because, scientists are predicting, 2014 will be an EI Niuo year.

EI niuo, Spanish for “the child”, (40) when surface ocean waters in the southern Pacific become abnormally warm. So large is the Pacific, covering 30% of the planet’s surface, that the(41 )energy generated by its warming is enough to touch off a series of weather changes around the world. EI Ninos are (42)with abnormally dry conditions in Southeast Asia and Australia. They can lead to extreme rain in parts of North and South America, even as southern Africa(43) dry weather. Marine life may be affected too; EI Ninos can (44 ) the rising of the cold, nutrient-rich(營養豐富的)water that supports large fish (45),and the unusually warm ocean temperatures can destroy coral(珊瑚).

ThePerfect Essay

A) Looking back on too many yearsof education, I can identify one truly impossible teacher. She cared about me,and my intellectual life, even when I didn’t. Her expectations were highimpossibly so. She was an English teacher. She was also my mother.

B) When good students turn in anessay, they dream of their instructor returning it to them in exactly the samecondition, save for a single word added in the margin of the final page:”Flawless.” This dream came true for me one afternoon in the ninth grade. Ofcourse, I had heard that genius could show itself at an early age, so I wasonly slightly taken aback that I had achieved perfection at the tender age of14. Obviously, I did what any professional writer would do; I hurried off tospread the good news. I didn’t get very far. The first person I told was mymother.

C) My mother, who is just shy offive feet tall, is normally incredibly soft-spoken, but on the rare occasionwhen she got angry, she was terrifying. I am not sure if she was more upset bymy hubris(得意忘形) or by the fact that my Englishteacher had let my ego get so out of hand. In any event, my mother and her redpen showed me how deeply flawed a flawless essay could be. At the time, I amsure she thought she was teaching me about mechanics, transitions(過渡), structure, style and voice. But what I learned, and what stuckwith me through my time teaching writing at Harvard, was a deeper lesson aboutthe nature of creative criticism.

D) Fist off, it hurts. Genuinecriticism, the type that leaves a lasting mark on you as a writer, also leavesan existential imprint(印記) on you asa person. I have heard people say that a writer should never take criticismpersonally. I say that we should never listen to these people.

E) Criticism, at its best, isdeeply personal, and gets to the heart of why we write the way we do. Theintimate nature of genuine criticism implies something about who is able togive it, namely, someone who knows you well enough to show you how your mentallife is getting in the way of good writing. Conveniently, they are also thepeople who care enough to see you through this painful realization. For me ittook the form of my first, and I hope only, encounter with writer’s block—I wasnot able to produce anything for three years.

F) Franz Kafka once said:” Writingis utter solitude(獨處), the descentinto the cold abyss(深淵) ofoneself. “My mother’s criticism had shown me that Kafka is right about the coldabyss, and when you make the introspective (內省的) decent that writing requires you are out always pleased by whatyou find.” But, in the years that followed, her sustained tutoring suggestedthat Kafka might be wrong about the solitude. I was lucky enough to find acritic and teacher who was willing to make the journey of writing with me. “Itis a thing of no great difficulty,” according to Plutarch, “to raise objectionsagainst another man’s speech, it is a very easy matter; but to produce a betterin its place is a work extremely troublesome.” I am sure I wrote essays in thelater years of high school without my mother’s guidance, but I can’t recallthem. What I remember, however, is how we took up the “extremely troublesome”work of ongoing criticism.

G) There are two ways to interpretPlutarch when he suggests that a critic should be able to produce “a better inits place.” In a straightforward sense, he could mean that a critic must bemore talented than the artist she critiques(評論). My mother was well covered on this count. But perhaps Plutarch issuggesting something slightly different, something a bit closer to MarcusCicero’s claim that one should “criticize by creation, not by finding fault.”Genuine criticism creates a precious opening for an author to become better onthis own terms—a process that is often extremely painful, but also almostalways meaningful.

H) My mother said she would helpme with my writing, but fist I had myself. For each assignment, I was write thebest essay I could. Real criticism is not meant to find obvious mistakes, so ifshe found any—the type I could have found on my own—I had to start fromscratch. From scratch. Once the essay was “flawless,” she would take an eveningto walk me through my errors. That was when true criticism, the type thatchanged me as a person, began.

I) She criticized me when Iincluded little-known references and professional jargon(行話). She had no patience for brilliant but irrelevant figures ofspeech. “Writers can’t bluff(虛張聲勢) theirway through ignorance.” That was news to me—I would need to find another way tostructure my daily existence.

J) She trimmed back my flowerylanguage, drew lines through my exclamation marks and argued for the value ofrestraint in expression. “John,” she almost whispered. I learned in to hearher:”I can’t hear you when you shout at me.” So I stopped shouting andbluffing, and slowly my writing improved.

K) Somewhere along the way I setaside my hopes of writing that flawless essay. But perhaps I missed somethingimportant in my mother’s lessons about creativity and perfection. Perhaps thepoint of writing the flawless essay was not to give up, but to never willinglyfinish. Whitman repeatedly reworded “Song of Myself” between 1855 and atedly. We do our absolute best wiry a piece of writing, and come as closeas we can to the ideal. And, for the time being, we settle. In critique,however, we are forced to depart, to give up the perfection we thought we hadachieved for the chance of being even a little bit better. This is the lesson Itook from my mother. If perfection were possible, it would not be motivating.

46. The author was advised against theimproper use of figures of speech.

47. The author’s mother taught him avaluable lesson by pointing out lots of flaws in his seemingly perfect essay.

48. A writer should polish his writingrepeatedly so as to get closer to perfection.

49. Writers may experience periods of timein their life when they just can’t produce anything.

50. The author was not much surprised whenhis school teacher marked his essay as “flawless”.

51. Criticizing someone’s speech is said tobe easier than coming up with a better one.

52. The author looks upon his mother as hismost demanding and caring instructor.

53. The criticism the author received fromhis mother changed him as a person.

54. The author gradually improved hiswriting by avoiding fact language.

55. Constructive criticism gives an authora good start to improve his writing.

第一篇

Could youreproduce Silicon Valley elsewhere, or is there something unique about it?

It wouldn’t besurprising if it were hard to reproduce in other countries, because youcouldn’t reproduce it in most of the US either. What does it take to make aSilicon Valley?

It’s the rightpeople. If you could get the right ten thousand people to move from SiliconValley to Buffalo, Buffalo would become Silicon Valley.

You only needtwo kinds of people to create a technology hub (中心):rich people and nerds (癡迷科研的人).

Observationbears this out. Within the US, towns have become startup hubs if and only ifthey have both rich people and nerds. Few startups happen in Miami, forexample, because although it’s full of rich people, it has few nerds. It’s notthe kind of place nerds like.

WhereasPittsburg has the opposite problem: plenty of nerds, but no rich people. Thetop US Computer Science departments are said to be MIT, Stanford, Berkeley, andCarnegie-Mellon. MIT yielded Route 128. 　　Stanford and Berkeley yielded SiliconValley. But what did Carnegie-Mellon yield in Pittsburgh? And whathappened in Ithaca, home of Cornell University, which is also high on the list.

I grew up inPittsburgh and went to college at Cornell, so I can answer for both. Theweather is terrible, particularly in winter, and there’s no interesting oldcity to make up for it, as there is in Boston. Rich people don’t want to livein Pittsburgh or Ithaca. So while there are plenty of hackers (電腦迷)who could start startups, there’s no one to invest in them.

Do you reallyneed the rich people? Wouldn’t it work to have the government invest the nerds?No, it would not. Startup investors are a distinct type of rich people. Theytend to have a lot of experience themselves in the technology business. Thishelps them pick the right startups, and means they can supply advice andconnections as well as money. And the fact that they have a personal stake inthe outcome makes them really pay attention.

56. What do welearn about Silicon Valley from the passage?

A) Its success is hard to copy any where else.

B) It is the biggest technology hub in the US.

C) Its fame in high technology is incomparable.

D) It leads the world in information technology.

57. What makesMiami unfit to produce a Silicon Valley?

A) Lack of incentive for investments.

B) Lack of the right kind of talents.

C) Lack of government support.

D) Lack of famous universities.

58. In that wayis Carnegie-Mellon different from Stanford, Berkeley and MIT?

A) Its location is not as attractive to rich people

B) Its science department are not nearly as good

C) It does not produce computer hackers and nerds

D) It does not pay much attention to business startups

59. What doesthe author imply about Boston?

A) It has pleasant weather all year round.

B) It produces wealth as well as high-tech

C) It is not likely to attract lots of investor and nerds.

D) It is an old city with many sites of historical interest.

60. What doesthe author say about startup investors?

A) They are especially wise in making investments.

B) They have good connections in the government.

C) They can do more than providing money.

D) They are enough to invest in nerds.

第二篇

It’s nice to have people of like mindaround. Agreeable people boost your confidence and allow you to relax and feelcomfortable. Unfortunately, that comfort can hinder the very learning that canexpand your company and your career.

It’s nice to have people agree, but youneed conflicting perspectives to dig out the truth. If everyone around you hassimilar views, your work will suffer from confirmation bias. (偏頗)

Take a look at your own network. Do youcontacts share your point of view on most subjects? It yes, it’s time to shakethings up. As a leader, it can be challenging to create an environment in whichpeople will freely disagree and argue, but as the saying goes: Fromconfrontation comes brilliance.

It’s not easy for most people to activelyseek conflict. Many spend their lives trying to avoid arguments. There’s noneed to go out and find people you hate, but you need to do someself-assessment to determine where you have become stale in your thinking. Youmay need to start by encouraging your current network to help you identify yourblind spots.

Passionate, energetic debate does notrequire anger and hard feelings to be effective. But it does require moralstrength. Once you have worthing opponents, set some ground rules so everyoneunderstands 　　responsibilities and boundaries. The objective of this debatinggame is not to win but to get to the truth that will allow you to move faster,and better.

Fierce debating can hurt feelings,particularly when strong personalities are involved. Make sure your check inwith your opponents so that they are not carrying the emotion of the battlesbeyond the battlefield. Break the tension with smiles and humor to reinforcethe idea that this is friendly discourse and that all are working toward acommon goal.

Reword all those involved in the debatesufficiently when the goals are reached. Let your sparring partners (拳擊陪練) know how much you appreciate their contribution. The more theyfeel appreciated, the more they’ll be willing to get into the ring next time.

happens when you have like-mindedpeople around you all the while?

A) It will help your companyexpand more rapidly.

B) It will be create a harmoniousworking atmosphere.

C) It may prevent your businessand career from advancing.

D) It may make you fell uncertainabout your own decision.

does the author suggest leaders do?

A) Avoid arguments with businesspartners.

B) Encourage people to disagreeand argue.

C) build a wide and strongbusiness network.

D) Seek advice from their worthycompetitors.

is the purpose of holding a debate?

A) To find out the truth about anissue.

B) To build up people’s moralstrength.

C) To remove misunderstandings.

D) To look for worthy opponents.

advice does the author give topeople engaged in a fierce debate?

A) They listen carefully to theiropponents’ views.

B) They slow due respect for eachother’s beliefs.

C) They present their viewsclearly and explicitly.

D) They take care not to hurt eachother’s feelings.

should we treat our rivals after asuccessful debate?

A) Try to make peace with them.

B) Try to make up the differences.

C) Invite them to the ring nexttime.

D) Acknowledge their contribution.

雲南省的麗江古鎮是中國著名的旅遊目的地之一。那裏的生活節奏比大多數中國的城市都要緩慢。麗江到處都是美麗的自然風光，衆多的少數民族同胞提供了各式各樣，豐富多彩的文化讓遊客體驗。歷史上，麗江還以“愛之城”而聞名。當地人中流傳着許多關於人生，爲愛而死的故事。如今，在中外遊客眼中，這個古鎮被視爲愛情和浪漫的天堂。(paradise)

　　英語四級真題試卷答案：

作文：

For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essaycommenting on the saying "Learning is a daily experience and alifetime mission." You can cite examples to illustrate theimportance of lifelong learning“. You should write at least 120words but no more than 180 words.

破題思路:

第一段: 解釋引言內容. 提出文章的主旨 : “學習的重要性”

第二段: 分析原因 此處可以結合例子.

第三段: 得出結論

此文章寫作時可以全面參照有道考神四級寫作課程中“功能句”的講解。

參考範文： Learning is a daily experience and a lifetimemission. This is a proverb full of logic. Inother words, learning is significant in our whole life. Indeed, wecan learn many things from it. If you understand it and apply it toyour study or work, you’ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.

There are many reasons which can explain this phenomenon and thefollowing are the typical ones. The first reason is that learningcan light our road in the coming future. There is no denying thefact that the society is developing increasingly fast and we areoften easily surpassed by the people around. The only way to avoidthis is to learn to improve ourselves. As an illustration, I’d liketo take myself as an example. After graduation from college, mylife has been full of working pressure, which contributes to mydecision of pursuing further education. That’s why I can make myown way in such a competitive society.

The effect of learning can be boiled down to two major ones. First,with the spirit of learning, we are more capable of overcoming thedifficulties in the future. More importantly, we can enrich ourspare time life by learning. No matter who you are, you mustremember that learning is the basic skill in our life.

【短對話】

1. B. They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.

2. A. At a gift shop.

3. C. He declined a job offer from the art gallery.

4. D. He will be unable to attend the birthday party.

5. B. Set a deadline for the staff to meet.

6. A. They way to the visitor’s parking.

7. D. He has benefited from exercise.

8. D. The secretaries in the man’s company.

9. B. It is used by more people than English.

10. C. The influence of the British Empire.

includes a lot of words from other languages.

place an order

is not familiar with the exact details of goods.

depends on a number of factors.

back when she comes to a decision.

【短文理解】

Passage One

16. A) No one knows for sure when they came into being.

17. D) Carry ropes across rivers.

18. C) To prove that lightening is electricity.

Passage Two

19. C) She can speak several languages.

20. B) They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.

21. C) She was able to translate for a German sports judge.

22. B) Taste the beef and give her comment.

Passage Three

23. D) He grew up in a poor single parent family.

24. A) Stupid

25. B) Write two book reports a week.

【短文聽寫】

(26) heavenly

(27) fascinating

(28) made up of

(29) Now and then

(30) combine with

(31) generally

(32) characteristics

(33) phenomenon

(34) naked

(35) relatively

選詞填空：

36. N. saw 第一空顯然缺少謂語，優先考慮動詞，結合語義並根據Late November and December可以推出應選擇過去式動詞，故答案鎖定saw.

37. F. decades 根據two，首選複數名詞，結合語義，“ for the first time in the two decades”, 二十年來頭一次。

38. H. globally 句子爲主系表結構，不缺主要成分，所以首選副詞和形容詞，根據語義，ever表示“一直以來地、向來地”，“十一月向來是全球範圍內最溫暖的一個月。”

39. D. chances 缺少主語，並且謂語是are，所以首選複數形式的名詞，結合前文Enjoy the snow now, “享受現在的雪吧”，因爲“時機是好的”。

40. J. occurs 空格前方有主語，且是單數形式，而後面由when引導的時間狀語從句的時態是一般現在時，所以主句謂語鎖定第三人稱單數形式的動詞，只能選擇occurs.

41. A. specific空格左爲定冠詞the，空格右爲名詞，中間只能選形容詞，選擇“特定的”符合語義。

42. B. associated 空格左爲be動詞，右邊爲介詞with，中間只能是形容詞或動詞的過去分詞形式，be associated with表示“與…有聯繫”，符合原意。

43. G. experiences 空格左爲主語southern Africa，空格內應該爲動詞的第三人稱單詞形式，結合語義，選G，“南非經歷着乾燥的天氣。

44. M. reduce 空格左爲情態動詞，空格內必須爲動詞原形，填reduce“減少”符合原題。

45. K. populations 空格與左邊的large fish 共同構成動詞support的賓語，只能選一個名詞來作爲名詞詞組，故選K，“大量的魚羣”。

段落匹配：

46. I，根據關鍵信息“figures of speech”定位到I段，原文中該詞組前面的形容詞是“irrelevant”，和句中的“improper”爲同義替換關係。

47. C，根據關鍵信息“flaws”可定位至C段，同義替換關係句“my mother and her red pen showed me how deeply flawed a flawlessessay could be.”

48. K，該句意思爲“爲了達到完美，作家應該反覆地修改他的文章”，對應K段中的“Perhaps the point of writing theflawless essay was not to give up, but to never willingly finish.”

49. E，該句大意爲“某些時間段裏，作家可能會感覺什麼都寫不出來了”，對應E段中的“I was not able to produceanything for 3 years.”。

50. B， 該句意爲“當老師認爲作者的文章沒有瑕疵時，他並不驚訝”，對應B段的“so I was only slightly takenaback that I had achieved perfection at the tender age of 14.”該句中的“taken aback”意爲“驚訝”。

51. F，該句意爲“對別人的演講品頭論足總比自己做一個更棒的演講容易”，對應F段的“It is a thing of no greatdifficulty,” according to Plutarch, “to raise objections against another man’sspeech, it is a very easy matter; but to produce a better in its place is awork extremely troublesome.”。

52. A，該句意爲“作者視其母爲最嚴格和最細心的老師”，對應A段的“She cared about me, and my intellectual life, even when I didn’ expectations were high impossibly so. She was an English teacher. She wasalso my mother.”。

53. H，該句意爲“作者從其母處得到的批評改變了作者的人格”，對應H段的“That was when true criticism, thetype that changed me as a person, began.”。

54. J，該句意爲“作者通過避免使用華而不實的語言慢慢地提升自己的作品”，對應J段的“So I stopped shouting and bluffing,and slowly my writing improved.”。

55. G，該局意爲“有建設性的評判能讓作家在提升作品方面有一個好的開始”，對應G段“Genuine criticism creates a precious opening for an author to becomebetter on this own terms—a process that is often extremely painful, but alsoalmost always meaningful.

”。

仔細閱讀：

56. A

此題難度不大，根據題幹中的“Silicon Valley”可定位第一段，第一段尾句“is there something unique about it?”直接把答案引向第二段。精讀第二段“it wouldn’t be surprising if it were hard to reproduce in othercountries”，可知該句與A選項“Its success is hard to copy anywhere else.”爲同義替換關係，故選A，其他三項均爲無中生有。

57. B

此題難度不大，根據題幹中“Miami”可定位至原文第五段，該段表明邁阿密只有有錢人，而缺少“癡迷於技術的人”，所以無法成爲科技中心，該含義對應B選項，爲統一替換關係，選項中的“the right kind oftalents”替換了原文的“nerds”。

58. A

此題難度不高，根據題幹中的“Carnegie-Mellon”和“Stanford”，“Berkeley”，“MIT”容易定位到原文第六段，第六段段位拋出問題，所以順勢往第七段找答案。第七段中詳細描述了卡內基梅隆大學所在的匹茲堡的不同之處：“The weather is terrible”，“rich people don’t want to live in Pittsburgh or Ithaca”，這些信息都指向了A選項，爲高度概括關係。

59. D

該題難度較高，根據題幹中的“Boston”可定位至原文的第七段。原文提到Boston的句子爲“as there is in Boston”，as在這裏表對比，意爲“波士頓卻有”，那麼前文一定指出了匹茲堡沒有某物，所以關鍵句在於具體是什麼，故往前文查找，發現前文提到的是“and there’s no interesting old city to make up for it”，意思是匹茲堡不僅天氣惡劣，而且也沒有有趣的老城區，但是波士頓卻與之相反，固選擇D，表示“波士頓有着很多歷史古蹟”。

60. C

本題難度不高，根據核心名詞概念“startup investors”可定位到原文最後一段，原文清晰地表述了，startup investors不僅能夠提供資金幫助，還能提供很多建議，所以C選項“他們不僅能提供資金”是最好的答案，和原文關係爲高度概括。

61. C

該題難度不大，根據“like-minded people”定位到首段，首段指出這類人可以給人信息並令人感到舒服，後面用“unfortunately”錶轉折，後面的表述“這種舒服會讓你意識不到你可以擴大你的公司和事業”，對應C選項，同義替換。

62. B

本題不難。根據核心名詞“leaders”定位到第三段，作者給leader的建議是“雖然建立一個自由言論的環境不容易，但是俗話說靈感從爭論中迸發”，意思是領導者需要建立這樣能的環境，固選擇B項，高度概括。

63. A

本題難度不大。根據關鍵信息“purpose of holding adebate”定位到原文倒數第三段，原文“objective”對應“purpose”，後面跟的即爲答案：“isnot to win but to get the truth that will allow you to move faster, farther,and better.”，對應A選項。

64. D

該題難度較大。根據關鍵信息“fierce debate”定位到原文倒數第二段，原文給出觀點“用微笑和幽默表明這是一個友好的討論，大家的目標都是一樣的”，對應D選項，該題強幹擾項爲B，B選項中的“respect”容易讓同學們產生好感從而錯選B，而實際上B選項錯在“other’s beliefs”上，原文並沒有提到尊重他人的信念和觀點，屬於無中生有。

65. D

根據題幹“rival”對應到最後一段的“sparring partners”，原文給出“讓他們知道對他們的付出你很感激”，對應D選項“肯定他們的付出”，爲同義替換關係。

翻譯

第一版

雲南省的麗江古鎮是中國著名的旅遊目的地之一。那裏的生活節奏比大多數中國的城市都要緩慢。麗江到處都是美麗的自然風光，衆多的少數民族同胞提供了各式各樣，豐富多彩的文化讓遊客體驗。歷史上，麗江還以“愛之城”而聞名。當地人中流傳着許多關於人生，爲愛而死的故事。如今，在中外遊客眼中，這個古鎮被視爲愛情和浪漫的天堂。(paradise)

Lijiang, an ancient town of Yunnan Province, is one of the mostfamous tourist destinations. Its pace of life is slower than thatof most cities of China. There are many natural beauties everywherein Lijiang and many ethnical minorities provide tourists with agreat variety of cultural experience. Lijiang is also well-known asthe “city of love” in history. Many stories about life and dyingfor love have spreaded widely among the locals. Nowadays, fortourists home and abroad, the ancient town is regarded as aparadise of love and romance.