英語莫斯科城市

莫斯科是俄羅斯的政治、經濟、文化、金融、交通中心以及最大的綜合性城市，是一座國際化大都市。 接下來，小編給大家準備了英語莫斯科城市,歡迎大家參考與借鑑。

Moscow is maddening, sprawling and chaotic, still scruffy in places. And yet it is also stunningly beautiful and vibrant, rich with history, culture and art. More than a decade after the collapse of the Soviet Union(蘇聯<1922-1991>), Moscow has still not entirely shaken off its Soviet past. More than a few restaurants, hotels and museums seem determined to keep alive Soviet traditions of customer service, but the city is undergoing a rebirth that would have been unthinkable even a few years ago. New boutique hotels(精品旅館) are opening, while old hotels are being renovated to European standards. Restaurants, expensive and not so expensive, offer foods from all over the world.

It would be wrong to say the city is a Phoenix rising from the ashes since it never really fell that far, despite seven decades of Soviet rule and a tumultuous transition to a quasi-capitalistic quasi-democracy. It is fair to say, though, that it is regaining its place as one of Europe's thriving, intriguing capitals.

The government is now campaigning to make Moscow a tourism capital as well, trying to ease some of the difficulties that seem intended to repel tourists. Very few signs are in any language other than Russian, though the city's handsome Metro plans to start posting station names in the Latin alphabet, as well as the Russian Cyrillic(西裏爾字母). The cumbersome, expensive visa-application process requires a letter of invitation (if you're traveling on your own, a Moscow hotel can often arrange one; otherwise, tour operators can do it). Nathela O. Shengelia, director of Russia's new Department of Tourism, is lobbying to ease those rules and end the irritating tradition of charging foreigners more at museums and churches.

Moscow, in the end, is worth the petty annoyances, and fall is an ideal time to visit. The short, hot summer has ended, and the long, cold winter has not yet begun. Although the city has experienced sensational, Mafia-style crimes, it is remarkably safe and clean, especially in the center. The city's tourism Web site, , says it as only Russians can: ''As beautiful as ever, despite all crises and misfortunes!''

　　擴展：工作、薪酬詞彙

personnel system 人事制度

personnel management 人事管理

office hour 辦公時間

company time 工作時間

work hour 工作時間

eight-hour shift 八小時工作制

shift 輪班

morning session 上午班

evening/night shift 小/大夜班

day shift 日班

attendance book 簽到本

late book 遲到本

day off 休息日

coffee break 上班中的休息時間

workday 工作日

working condition 工作環境

work permit 工作證

work overtime 加班

holiday rotation 節假日輪流值班

traveling allowance(for official trip) 差旅費

payroll 工資冊

salary 薪水 (指付給一個人的固定勞動補償)

wage 工資 (爲勞動或服務所付的報酬，尤指按小時、天數、周或按工作量所付的薪酬)

salary raise 加薪

windfall 外快

annual pension 年薪

year-end bonus 年終獎

bonus 獎金

premium 紅利

overtime pay 加班費

punch the clock 打卡

time recorder 打卡機

sneak out 開溜

internship 實習

on probation 試用

probation staff 試用人員

agreement of employment 聘書

evaluation of employee 員工考覈

employee evaluation form 考覈表

merit pay 績效工資

dock pay 扣薪

unpaid leave 無薪假

before-tax salary 稅前薪水

income tax 所得稅

take-home pay/after-tax salary 稅後淨薪

release pay 遣散費

severance pay 解僱費

salary deduction 罰薪

casual leave 事假

sick leave 病假

“五險一金”

endowment insurance 養老保險

medical insurance 醫療保險

unemployment insurance 失業保險

employment injury insurance 工傷保險

maternity insurance 生育保險

housing fund 住房公積金