"踢假球"的英語口語表達

請看外電相關報道：A Vietnamese court has sentenced four soccer referees, three of them FIFA-accredited, to between four and seven years in jail for bribery and match fixing.

Vietnam has vowed to stamp out match fixing in the country's most popular sport following a series of high-profile scandals which led to the arrest of dozens of players and referees.

報道中的“match fixing”是體育術語，指“暗箱操縱比賽”，包括裁判吹黑哨、球員踢假球等作假行爲。“Match fixing”源於動詞詞組“to fix a game/match”，fix在此指“非法操縱”。

值得一提的是，網上廣泛流傳的“黑哨（black whistle）”譯法純屬中國人的臆造，英語中沒有“black whistle”這一說法。美國人形容裁判的“黑哨”很直接，如“cheating/bad call”。

漢語中的“假球”可以表達爲“soccer fraud”。球員如果故意踢輸球，即漢語中的“放水”行爲，則可譯爲“thrown game”（其相應的動詞形式爲“to throw a game”）。