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關於板塊構造及海牀擴展Plate Tectonics and Sea floor Spreadin

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ing-bottom: 90.07%;">關於板塊構造及海牀擴展Plate Tectonics and Sea-floor Spreadin

板塊構造理論描述岩石圈是相對堅硬的地球,包括全部地殼和地幔底層部分外層的議案。岩石圈(注:[地]岩石圈)是成各種尺寸和形狀,一般而言這些板塊都處於相對的另一項議案是幾十個板塊分歧。洋中脊是板塊之間的邊界,在那裏新的岩石圈的物質從下面注入。當板塊從大洋中脊,他們就在岩石圈基部較易變形的地層滑動。

由於地球的大小本質上是不變,可以創建新的岩石圈在大洋中脊僅當同等數量的岩石圈物質消耗別處。這個網站是另一種破壞一種板塊邊界:一個俯衝帶。在這裏,一邊在另一板塊俯衝,並reinc​​orporated進入地幔。板塊邊界兩者都與地層系統,地震和火山活動,但該種地質活動在兩種邊界處觀察到有很大的不同。

海樓的想法擴展說實際上早於板塊構造理論。在其原來的版本,在1960年初的,它描述了海底的生成和毀滅,但沒有詳細介紹堅硬的岩石圈板塊。該假設是成立不久之後,該由地球磁場週期性的逆轉被記錄在海洋地殼中發現的。由於根據大洋中脊岩漿上升,在岩漿磁性礦物成爲了岩漿磁化方向磁化成爲在地磁場的方向。當岩漿冷卻並凝固的方向和該領域的磁極被保留在磁化火山岩。磁場的逆轉導致一個運行平行於縱座標軸磁性條紋系列。這樣海洋殼就充當了地磁場的歷史可追溯到獨立磁帶錄音,對條紋寬度表明了海底擴張的最低比率。 

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