全球大學新排名 中國大學名次上升

Harvard retains the crown as top university for the eighth year in an annual ranking of the world's universities which is dominated by the United States but shows China's performance improving.

The 2010 Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU), published since 2003 by the Center for World-Class Universities of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, said the United States dominates the list with eight in the top 10 and 54 in the top 100.

Joining Harvard in the top 10 were the University of California, Berkeley; Stanford; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; California Institute of Technology; Princeton; Columbia and Chicago. Yale came 11th.

The best ranked British universities were Cambridge, slipping to fifth place from fourth last year, and Oxford retaining the 10th position. Overall the number of British universities in the top 500 rankings dropped to 38 from 40.

But the ranking, initially set up to find the global standing of Chinese universities, showed Asian universities were advancing up the list with 106 from the Asia Pacific region making the top 500 and Chinese universities performing better.

"While the ranking methodology has been kept the same, the number of top 500 Chinese universities reaches 34 in 2010, which is more than double that in 2004 (16)," Shanghai Jiao Tong University said in a statement.

Chinese universities in the top 200 included Peking; Tsinghua and Chinese University of Hong Kong.

The ARWU uses six indicators to rank universities globally including the number of alumni and staff with Nobel prizes, the number of highly cited researchers, the number of articles published and cited in top journals and the per capita performance with respect to size of the institution.

一項世界大學年度排名日前出爐，哈佛大學連續第八年高居排行之首。在今年的榜單上，美國大學佔據多數，但中國大學的排名也有所上升。

在這份由上海交通大學“世界一流大學研究中心”發佈的2010年《世界大學學術排名》（ARWU）中，美國有八所大學躋身前十名，有54所大學進入前100強，在排行榜上佔據絕對優勢。這一年度排名於2003年首次發佈。

除哈佛大學外，躋身前十名的美國大學還包括：加州大學伯克利分校、斯坦福大學、麻省理工大學、加州理工學院、普林斯頓大學、哥倫比亞大學和芝加哥大學。耶魯大學名列第十一位。

排名最靠前的英國大學是劍橋大學，從去年的第四名下滑至第五名，牛津大學仍位居第十。總體來看，排在前500名的英國大學數量從40所降到了38所。

但從今年的排名可以看出，亞洲大學的排名有所上升，亞太地區共有106所學校進入前500強，中國大學的排名也有所提升。交大編撰這一排行榜的初衷是爲了瞭解中國大學的全球排名。

上海交通大學在一份聲明中說：“在排名方法不變的情況下，今年進入全球500強的中國大學有34所，比2004年（16所）增加了一倍多。”

躋身200強的中國大學包括北京大學、清華大學和香港中文大學。

《世界大學學術排名》根據六項指標對全球的大學進行排名，其中包括獲得諾貝爾獎的校友和教師數量、在各學科領域被經常引用的科研人員的數量、在頂級期刊發表和被引用的論文數，以及師均學術表現等。

Vocabulary:

methodology: a set of methods and principles used to perform a particular activity（從事某一活動的）方法，原則

alumni: the former male and female students of a school, college or university（統稱）校友，畢業生

per capita: for each person（每人的；人均的）