[軍事一瞥]俄羅斯海軍面臨困境大綱

俄羅斯海軍面臨困境

來源：Jane's（簡氏週刊） 編輯：Vicki

俄羅斯《獨立軍事評論》週刊稱俄羅斯海軍目前正處在崩潰的邊緣，報告稱由於受俄羅斯低迷的造船業影響，俄羅斯海軍前景灰暗。

Russian Navy facing 'irreversible collapse'

The Russian Navy is currently on the verge of 'irreversible collapse（無法挽救的崩潰）', according to a recent analysis published by the authoritative Moscow-based weekly - the Independent Military Review（獨立軍事評論） .

The report, entitled 'BMF RF [Naval Military Fleet of the Russian Federation（俄羅斯聯邦海軍軍事艦隊）] on Foreign Warships（國外船隻）', says the main cause for the 'collapse' is the state of the Russian shipbuilding industry, which is "incapable of producing warships in either the quantity or at the level of quality that their navy customer requires" for the future.

According to the analysis, the navy's leadership "understands that this is a hopeless situation and are looking for a way out by considering the purchase of naval vessels from abroad".

The issue was raised during the International Military Naval Exposition (MVMS國際海軍軍事展覽) that took place in the last week of June in St Petersburg（聖彼得斯堡）.

The Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy, Admiral Vladimir Vysotsky, outlined the problem when he said: "Our [challenge] is how to significantly improve the condition of our fleet without destroying the economic activity in the country."

Keke View：俄羅斯海軍是俄羅斯聯邦武裝力量中的海軍部分。俄羅斯海軍的船隻的國際編號爲RFS（Russian Federation Ship，俄羅斯聯邦船隻的縮寫）。

今天的俄羅斯海軍源於蘇聯海軍。1991年冷戰結束後蘇聯解體，原來的蘇聯海軍的艦船，武器裝備和兵員大部分被俄羅斯海軍接收，小部分被烏克蘭和波羅的海三國接收。

俄羅斯海軍由北方艦隊、太平洋艦隊、黑海艦隊、波羅的海艦隊、裏海分艦隊（“裏海分艦隊”是俄文翻譯，實際上裏海分艦隊和其他四大艦隊並無隸屬關係，只是規模小得多）、海軍航空兵、海軍步兵（俄文原文爲“海軍步兵”，但基本上等同於其他國家的海軍陸戰隊，是多兵種合成的兩棲登陸作戰部隊）和海岸炮兵組成。