調查研究:年長女性容易感到生活不幸福
According to the Daily Mail of October 21, a study has found that many women will find themselves more miserable with their advancing years, while most men feel happier once retired.
Men become more satisfied with their lives once they have escaped the "drudgery" of full-time work, but for old women, retirement is more likely to bring loneliness and monotony, researchers discovered.
Women over the age of 75 were the worst affected, with women of this age particularly likely to have low levels of "wellbeing."
Many reported suffering from depression, poor quality of life, loneliness and poor "life satisfaction."
Professor Michael Marmot, who led the research, said that the over-50s in general had become less happy with their lives over the past four years.
But he said that women in particular tended to be unhappy as they grew older because they had outlived their husbands and their children had grown up and moved away.
Women were also disproportionately affected by the difficulties of having to care for sick relatives - something which was revealed to take a significant toll on wellbeing.
But men appear to buck the trend after retirement, with higher levels of "life satisfaction" among those aged over 65 than in younger men, according to the report.
Professor Michael suggested that this could be because men were enjoying retirement more than going to work every day, finding the time to concentrate on hobbies and spend time with friends and family.
The study, carried out by researchers from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, tracked more than 10,000 men and women aged over 50 since 2002. The study is the most comprehensive one of its kind, which monitored their spending levels, happiness and health.
據《每日郵報》10月21日報道，一項研究發現，隨着年齡的增長，很多女性感到她們的生活變得痛苦不幸，而男性一旦退休以後會感到更加幸福。
研究者發現，男性一旦逃離全職工作這個“苦差事”，他們對自己的生活感到更加滿意，但是，對於年長的女性來說，退休更可能給她們帶來的是孤獨和單調。
年齡在75歲以上的女性受到的影響最大，這個階段的女性尤其可能會感覺到生活的不幸福。
據報道很多女性患有抑鬱症、生活質量差、感到孤獨和對生活不滿意。
研究的領導者、邁克•馬爾莫特教授說，過去四年研究發現，年齡在50歲以上的人一般都會感到生活不幸福。
但是他又說，隨着年齡增長，女性特別經常會感到不開心，是因爲他們失去了丈夫，而且子女長大以後，不在她們身邊。
她們還會不同程度的感到因照顧生病的親人帶來的困難，據透露她們這些困難會大大影響到她們的幸福感。
報告顯示，男性退休後似乎不會有相同的感受，比起年輕人，65歲以上的男性對生活感到更加滿意。
邁克教授認爲，這是因爲男性可以享受退休生活，不用每天忙於工作，他們有時間關注自己的興趣愛好，和朋友和家人一起享受時光。
這項研究由英國老齡化縱向研究協會的研究人員完成。他們自2002年以來就對1萬多名年齡在50歲以上的男性和女性進行追蹤調查。這項研究在同類研究中是最全面詳細的，他們密切關注被調查者的消費水平、幸福感和健康等指標。
