浪費並非中國獨有 看世界如何"光盤"

Diners have the stomach for the fight to save leftovers, report Cecily Liu in London, Caroline Berg in New York and He Na in Beijing.

每隔幾周在北京朝陽區居住的盧錦華一家就要去家附近的餐館來次小型的家庭聚餐，一家人有說有笑，其樂融融的氣氛羨煞旁人。但是盧大媽卻不太喜歡參加，因爲每次愉快的聚餐總是以令她不太高興的情景結束。

Every few weeks, Lu Jinhua's family meets for dinner at a restaurant close to her home in Beijing's Chaoyang district. But the happy mealtime almost always ends with an unhappy scene: Her children will insist that Lu leaves the table before she can embarrass them by asking to take the leftover food home in takeaway bags.

買完單後，每當節儉了半輩子的盧大媽招呼服務員要把所有的剩菜都打包的時候，孩子們就會拿起衣服快步的把她拖到餐廳外。每次大媽進家門的時候嘴裏都叼念着“太可惜了。”不過，上週末的聚餐細心的盧大媽發現了些小的變化讓老人家感到非常高興。

But on Sunday, the 63-year-old Beijing resident was delighted to discover that the restaurant had implemented a number of changes. A poster on the table clearly stated, "Save food, don't waste it". Instead of persuading customers to order a wide range of expensive dishes, the waitress suggested a small order that could be supplemented later if people were still hungry. At the end of the dinner, Lu's daughter even volunteered to ask the waitress for doggy boxes.

63歲的盧大媽發現每個餐桌的桌牌上都清楚的寫着八個字“節約糧食，浪費可恥”。同時跟每次服務員拼命讓多點菜又推薦價格高的菜不同，這次在她們點了七菜一湯之後，服務員說量差不多了，建議她們如果不夠可以再點。最讓老人高興的還是吃完飯後老人的女兒主動要求服務員拿打包盒把剩下的菜打包。

"This is the happiest dinner I had in that restaurant so far, and I am so glad to see these changes. I used to live in a rural area and I'm well aware of the hardships farmers endure," Lu said.

盧大媽說：“我過去在農村生活過，知道這種糧食種菜多辛苦。看見孩子們都知道節省了我真的很高興， 這是我在這個飯店吃的最高興的一次。”

A campaign against food wastage is sweeping China, a country where 128 million people live below the poverty line.

盧大媽平常忙着看小孫子，很少看報紙很新聞，她不知道不僅是在她去的飯店，而是一場反對鋪張浪費，提倡節儉的運動正在全國範圍內展開。

Every year, food valued at 200 billion yuan ($32 billion) is thrown away in China. The volume is equivalent to the amount consumed by more than 200 million people during a 12-month period.

中國農業大學的統計數據顯示，2012年中國人的餐桌浪費高達2400億元，我國餐飲業一年浪費的脂肪和蛋白質相當於兩億人一年的口糧。另一組數據更證明了反對浪費的必要性那就是目前我國還有1280萬人口生活在貧困線以下。

A proposal published in January, opposing waste, is part of a drive by China's new leaders to fight extravagance and advocate thrift.

1月20日，中共中央辦公廳印發《習近平同志關於厲行勤儉節約，反對鋪張浪費重要批示的通知》， 表明了中央新一屆領導人厲行勤儉節約,反對鋪張浪費的鮮明態度和堅定決心。

Following suit, many provinces have launched their own, more-detailed versions. Central China's Henan province has ordered that business meals for cadres should feature no more than four dishes, and alcohol is prohibited. Meanwhile, the southwestern province of Guizhou has set a time limit of 45 minutes on meals paid for by the public purse.

爲了貫徹落實好這一精神，全國個省區市也都積極行動起來，制定了當地自己的反對鋪張浪費的舉措。比如河南省就規定公務用餐僅限於四菜一湯並且不許上酒；貴州省規定對外接待就餐時間不超過45分鐘。

The public has also adopted the idea, resulting in a surge in anti-waste rhetoric. For example, the Beijing Catering Trade Association, Beijing Cuisine Association and Beijing Western Food Association launched a joint anti-waste initiative in late January, which garnered a rapid response from many catering enterprises.

這一倡議也得到了社會的廣泛響應，很多商家也紛紛行動起來。1月24日北京市商務委、市餐飲行業協會、北京烹飪協會、北京西餐協會對外發布《餐飲業厲行節約反對浪費倡議書》，推出多項反浪費措施。首批10家大型餐飲企業的749家門店響應，逐步向消費者提供“半份菜”、“小份菜”、“熱菜拼盤”、免費打包，鼓勵把沒吃完的剩菜打包帶走。