陳可辛: 我爲什麼要拍攝一部關於李娜的電影
Peter Ho-sun Chan, 52, was born in Hong Kong, spent his teenage years in Thailand and studied film in Los Angeles. Despite his transnational upbringing, the director of films such as “Comrades, Almost a Love Story” (1996), about mainland Chinese migrants in Hong Kong, and “Perhaps Love” (2005), a musical set in mainland China, still sees himself very much as a Hong Kong filmmaker. “No matter what the subject matter is, the Hong Kong sensibility in me will never change,” Mr. Chan said by telephone from Hong Kong, where he lives. “I can’t pretend that I’m mainland Chinese and make films like a mainland Chinese. I will always be an observer and a storyteller with a Hong Kong perspective.”Mr. Chan has made a number of Hong Kong-mainland China co-productions over the years, most recently “Dearest” (2014), starring the mainland actors Huang Bo and Vicki Zhao, about a couple’s quest to find their kidnapped son and the moral issues that arise once they are reunited. Last weekend, Mr. Chan’s We Pictures company announced that he would be directing a new film about another mainland Chinese subject: the tennis star Li Na, the only Grand Slam singles champion ever to come from Asia. Production will begin this year with a scheduled 2016 release date. In an interview, Mr. Chan talked about Ms. Li, the changing tastes of Chinese moviegoers, working with censors and what Hollywood will be learning from China.
現年52歲的陳可辛出生於香港，在泰國度過了自己的青少年時期，後赴洛杉磯學習電影。雖然他有跨國度的薰陶，但在他的電影，如1996年出品的關於香港的中國內地移民的影片《甜蜜蜜》(Comrades, Almost a Love Story)，以及2005年出品的以中國爲背景的音樂片《如果·愛》(Perhaps Love)中，他仍把自己看作是非常香港化的電影人。“不管是什麼樣的主題，我的香港感性永遠不會改變”，陳可辛從香港通過電話這樣說，香港是他居住的地方。“我不能假裝我是內地人，像內地導演那樣製作電影。我永遠是一個旁觀者，用香港人的角度講故事。”幾年來，陳可辛還製作了幾部香港與內地合拍的影片，最近一部是2014年出品的《親愛的》(Dearest)，由內地演員黃渤和趙薇主演，是一部關於一對夫婦尋找他們被拐走的兒子、以及家庭團聚後出現的道德問題的影片。上週末，陳可辛的電影公司“我們製作”(We Pictures)宣佈，他將導演又一部中國內地主題的新電影：網球明星李娜，她是迄今唯一的一位來自亞洲的大滿貫單打冠軍。影片製作將於今年開始，預定的發行日期是2016年。在一次採訪中，陳可辛談了李娜、中國電影觀衆不斷變化的嗜好、與審查者共事，以及好萊塢將從中國學到什麼。
Q. Why Li Na?
問：爲什麼拍《李娜》？A. It’s not just tennis, but also how she represents a whole generation. The people born in the 1980s really make up a critical mass in China. And I think it’s time to have a story about somebody from that post-80s generation that reflects the changing landscape of China today. The sensibilities of the post-80s generation are very different from traditional Chinese values. China is a very collective society, and everything is less about self and more on the group, more on the society and the country. Here we have the post-80s, which is very much a “me” generation. In that sense she’s very, very different from all the characters that we’ve been dealing with in “American Dreams in China” and “Dearest.” Li has a very strong personality, and you could not confine her to a group, because she definitely would stand out and be very visible anywhere you put her. It’s very typical of the younger Chinese. They don’t like to conform.
答：影片不僅僅關於網球，也關於她如何代表了整整一代人。出生於上個世紀80年代的人真正構成了中國的一種核心力量。我覺得是時候製作一部關於80後那代中的某個人、反映當今中國正在發生的變化的影片了。80後那代人的情感與中國的傳統價值觀非常不同。中國是一個非常強調集體的社會，所有的事情都不太關注自我，而更多地強調集體、社會和國家。但我們在80後的身上看到的是一個“自我”的一代。在這個意義上，她與我們在《中國合夥人》(American Dreams in China)和《親愛的》中所有涉及的人物非常、非常的不同。李娜有非常強烈的個性，你不能把她束縛在集體之中，因爲她肯定會表現自己，在任何場合都會非常顯眼。這在年輕的中國人中很典型。他們不喜歡隨大流。
Q. What will the film focus on?
問：這部影片的主要內容是什麼？A. We’ll basically cover most of her life. You can’t talk about Li Na if you don’t show her background. It probably won’t be chronological. There will be flashbacks and flash-forwards. The film will talk about her childhood and her early teens with the death of her father. We’ll definitely show both of her matches, the two Grand Slams, and the period in between.
答：我們將基本覆蓋她一生中的大部分時間。如果你不展現她的背景，你不可能講李娜的故事。影片可能不會按時間順序展開。將有倒敘和提前敘述未來事件的部分。影片將講述她的童年和她父親去世後她十幾歲時的故事。我們一定會展現她的兩個大滿貫比賽，以及兩場比賽之間的故事。I think people only see her success and the glory of going independent, when she started to manage her own career and her own life. But people don’t see that she went through a lot. In the first few years she actually lost money. I don’t think she could have done any of it without her husband, Jiang Shan. That relationship is very important, and it’s something we are going to show.
我覺得，人們只看到了她的成功，以及她開始管理自己的事業和自己的生活、走上獨立道路的榮耀。但人們沒有看到她的很多經歷。在最初的幾年她實際上是賠了錢的。我覺得沒有她的丈夫姜山，她不可能做出所有這一切。他們的關係非常重要，那也是我們要展現的東西。Q. Who will play Li Na?
問：由誰來扮演李娜？A. No idea. I’m going to use real news footage, but I’ll also cast an actress to play her, which means that you will see that there is a real Li Na and that there is an actress Li Na. That will be a challenge, but I don’t think it will be a problem, because I think it’ll give the film more authenticity.
答：不知道。我將使用真實的新聞素材，但我也會挑選一位演員來扮演她，這意味着你會看到有一個真正的李娜和一個演員扮演的李娜。這將是一個挑戰，但我不覺得這會是一個問題，因爲我覺得這會賦予影片更多的真實性。Q. “Dearest” takes on the issue of child abduction in China. What about the subject interested you?
問：《親愛的》涉及到中國的拐賣兒童問題。這個問題有哪些讓你感興趣的地方？A. I noticed the story in a news documentary, so most of the film is based on fact. Of course there were fictitious events that we came up with. But what really got me interested was not the issue of child abduction, it was the story behind the story. There are many layers that are relevant to society today. It doesn’t just focus on the parents who lost the kid, but it was also one of the rare cases in which the parents found the boy.
答：我在一個新聞紀錄片中注意到了這個故事，所以影片的大部分基於事實。當然，我們編了一些虛構的事件。但真正讓我感興趣的不是拐賣兒童的問題，而是故事背後的故事。現今社會有許多層次。影片不只是着眼於丟失了孩子的父母，也有關這類案件中父母找到了男孩的罕見情況。Then you realize that there’s another part of the story. The kids were not kidnapped by the people who kidnap kids for a living, but by the husband of one of the characters in the film. So you see both sides of the story, of the two sets of parents who raised the kids that were abducted. It makes for a kind of duality. You see justice balanced against law.
這時你意識到故事還有另外的一面。孩子不是被以拐賣小孩爲生的人拐走的，而是被影片中人物之一的丈夫拐走的。所以你看到了故事的兩面，看到了兩對父母，他們都是被拐的孩子的養育者。這產生了某種二元性。你看到正義與法律之間的平衡。
